系统性能分析工具&&一些我对磁盘IOPS的简单认识

最新推荐文章于 2022-06-11 10:47:28 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2022-06-11 10:47:28 发布

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原文链接：http://blog.51cto.com/dadaru/481394

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系统管理必须知道怎样去评判当前系统的性能，性能涉及cpu、内存、存储、网络等，使用工具统计分析并从中总结一些相关调节优化经验

工具程序的安装
+-------iostat vmstat iftop dstat --------+
yum -y install sysstat procps iftop dstat

----------------------iostat-------------------------

作用：iostat是I/O statistics（输入/输出统计）的缩写，iostat工具将对系统的磁盘操作活动进行监视。它的特点是汇报磁盘活动统计情况，同时也会汇报出CPU使用情况。

用法：iostat [ -c | -d ] [ -k ] [ -t ] [ -V ] [ -x [ device ] ] [ interval [ count ] ]
主要选项如下
-c：显示CPU的使用情况。
-d：显示磁盘的使用情况。
-k：表示按千字节每秒显示数据。
-t：打印汇报的时间。
-v：表示打印出版本信息和用法。
-x device：指定要统计的设备名称，默认为所有的设备。
interval：指每次统计间隔的时间，count指按照这个时间间隔统计的次数。

示例及说明

iostat -k -x /dev/sda 1 3

%iowait
    Show the percentage of time that the CPU or CPUs were idle during which the system had an outstanding disk I/O request.
%idle
    Show the percentage of time that the CPU or CPUs were idle and the system did not have an outstanding disk I/O request.
avgrq-sz
    The average size (in sectors) of the requests that were issued to the device.
avgqu-sz
    The average queue length of the requests that were issued to the device.
await
    The average time (in milliseconds) for I/O requests issued to the device to be served. This includes the time spent by the requests in queue and the time spent servicing them...(形象点比喻为：某超市收款台5分钟内有3哥人需要结账，每个人的等待时间(0ms、1ms，3ms)，对应的结账花费（1ms、2ms、1ms），该值为[(0+1+3)+(1+2+1)]/3 -> 2.6）
svctm
    The average service time (in milliseconds) for I/O requests that were issued to the device..(形象点比喻为：某超市收款台5分钟内有3个人需要结账，该值为收银员在每个人身上结账花（1ms、2ms、1ms）的平均时间，（1+2+1）/3 -> 1.3ms，收银员的速度）
%util
    Percentage of CPU time during which I/O requests were issued to the device (bandwidth utilization for the device).Device saturation occurs when this value is close to 100%.(形象点比喻为：某超市收款台5分钟内有3分钟时间在排队，3/5 -> 60%，上图中的最后一次统计值为0.8%)