JAVA初学练手项目，学生管理系统

github地址：https://github.com/qscqesze/StudentManager

简单描述一下：

UI层面用于接受用户的处理信息，然后移交给StudentDao去处理数据。

其中StudentDao通过修改Xml充当的数据库，来反馈数据。

StudentDomain是用来定义数据类型，Studentutils是处理数据时候封装的工具类型。

写了个额外的异常，Exception。

我也是参考着教程写的：《30天轻松掌握JavaWeb视频》 方立勋，网易云课堂里面有这个课程。

然后这个代码就结束了。

具体代码如下：

exam.xml //数据库文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?><exam>
    <student examid="222" idcard="111">
        <name>张三</name>
        <location>沈阳</location>
        <grade>89</grade>
    </student>
    
    <student examid="444" idcard="333">
        <name>李四</name>
        <location>大连</location>
        <grade>97</grade>
    </student>
</exam>

StudentDaoTest.java //测试文件

package junit.test;

import org.junit.Test;

import en.itcast.dao.StudentDao;
import en.itcast.domain.Student;
import en.itcast.exception.StudentNotExistException;

public class StudentDaoTest {

    @Test
    public void testAdd(){
        StudentDao dao = new StudentDao();
        Student s = new Student();
        s.setExamid("121");
        s.setGrade(89);
        s.setIdcard("121");
        s.setLocation("北京");
        s.setName("aa");
        dao.add(s);
        
    }
    
    @Test
    public void testFind(){
        StudentDao dao = new StudentDao();
        dao.find("222");
    }

    @Test
    public void testdelete() throws StudentNotExistException{
        StudentDao dao = new StudentDao();
        dao.delete("aa");
    }
}

XmlUtils.java //工具类文件

package en.itcast.utils;

import java.io.FileOutputStream;

import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
import javax.xml.transform.Transformer;
import javax.xml.transform.TransformerFactory;
import javax.xml.transform.dom.DOMSource;
import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamResult;

import org.w3c.dom.Document;

public class XmlUtils {
    // 工具类约定俗成为静态类

    private static String filename = "src/exam.xml";

    public static Document getDocument() throws Exception {
        DocumentBuilderFactory factory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
        DocumentBuilder builder = factory.newDocumentBuilder();
        return builder.parse(filename);
    }

    // 编译异常就是垃圾
    public static void write2Xml(Document document) throws Exception {
        TransformerFactory factory = TransformerFactory.newInstance();
        Transformer tf = factory.newTransformer();
        tf.transform(new DOMSource(document),new StreamResult(new FileOutputStream(filename)));
        
    }
}

Main.java //主程序，ui界面的

package en.itcast.UI;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;

import en.itcast.dao.StudentDao;
import en.itcast.domain.Student;
import en.itcast.exception.StudentNotExistException;

public class Main {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        System.out.println("添加用户(a) 删除用户(b) 查找用户(c)");
        System.out.print("请输入操作类型:");

        BufferedReader bf = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
        try {
            String type = bf.readLine();

            if ("a".equals(type)) {
                System.out.print("请输入学生姓名:");
                String name = bf.readLine();

                System.out.print("请输入学生准考证号:");
                String examid = bf.readLine();

                System.out.print("请输入学生所在地:");
                String location = bf.readLine();

                System.out.print("请输入学生身份证:");
                String idcard = bf.readLine();

                System.out.print("请输入学生成绩:");
                String grade = bf.readLine();

                Student s = new Student();
                s.setExamid(examid);
                s.setGrade(Double.parseDouble(grade));
                s.setIdcard(idcard);
                s.setLocation(location);
                s.setName(name);

                StudentDao dao = new StudentDao();
                dao.add(s);

                System.out.println("添加成功");
            } else if ("b".equals(type)) {
                System.out.print("请输入要删除的学生姓名:");
                String name = bf.readLine();
                try {
                    StudentDao dao = new StudentDao();
                    dao.delete(name);
                    System.out.println("删除成功.");
                } catch (StudentNotExistException e) {
                    System.out.println("你删除的用户不存在.");
                }

            } else if ("c".equals(type)) {
                System.out.print("请输入你要查询的准考证id:");
                String examid = bf.readLine();
                StudentDao dao = new StudentDao();
                Student find_student = dao.find(examid);
                if(find_student.equals(null)){
                    System.out.println("对不起，找不到该学生.");
                }else{
                    System.out.println("该学生的姓名是:"+find_student.getName());
                }
            } else {
                System.out.println("不支持你的操作");

            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            ;
            System.out.println("sorry");
        }

    }

}

StudentNotExistException.java //自定义异常，处理删除的时候不存在用

package en.itcast.exception;

public class StudentNotExistException extends Exception {

    public StudentNotExistException() {
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    }

    public StudentNotExistException(String message) {
        super(message);
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    }

    public StudentNotExistException(Throwable cause) {
        super(cause);
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    }

    public StudentNotExistException(String message, Throwable cause) {
        super(message, cause);
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    }

    public StudentNotExistException(String message, Throwable cause, boolean enableSuppression,
            boolean writableStackTrace) {
        super(message, cause, enableSuppression, writableStackTrace);
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    }
    
}

Student.java //封装Student的数据类型

package en.itcast.domain;

public class Student {
    private String idcard;
    private String examid;
    private String name;
    private String location;
    private double grade;
    public String getIdcard() {
        return idcard;
    }
    public void setIdcard(String idcard) {
        this.idcard = idcard;
    }
    public String getExamid() {
        return examid;
    }
    public void setExamid(String examid) {
        this.examid = examid;
    }
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public String getLocation() {
        return location;
    }
    public void setLocation(String location) {
        this.location = location;
    }
    public double getGrade() {
        return grade;
    }
    public void setGrade(double grade) {
        this.grade = grade;
    }
    
}

StudentDao.java //程序处理

package en.itcast.dao;

import org.w3c.dom.Document;
import org.w3c.dom.Element;
import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;

import en.itcast.domain.Student;
import en.itcast.exception.StudentNotExistException;
import en.itcast.utils.XmlUtils;

public class StudentDao {
    public void add(Student s) {
        try {
            Document document = XmlUtils.getDocument();
            // 创建出封装学生信息的标签
            Element student_tag = document.createElement("student");
            student_tag.setAttribute("idcard", s.getIdcard());
            student_tag.setAttribute("examid", s.getExamid());

            // 创建用于封装学生其他信息的标签
            Element name = document.createElement("name");
            Element location = document.createElement("location");
            Element grade = document.createElement("grade");

            name.setTextContent(s.getName());
            location.setTextContent(s.getLocation());
            grade.setTextContent(s.getGrade() + "");

            student_tag.appendChild(name);
            student_tag.appendChild(location);
            student_tag.appendChild(grade);
            // 把封装的信息挂在文档上
            document.getElementsByTagName("exam").item(0).appendChild(student_tag);

            XmlUtils.write2Xml(document);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }

    public Student find(String examid) {
        try {
            Document document = XmlUtils.getDocument();
            NodeList list = document.getElementsByTagName("student");
            for (int i = 0; i < list.getLength(); i++) {
                Element student_tag = (Element) list.item(i);
                if (student_tag.getAttribute("examid").equals(examid)) {
                    // 找到匹配的学生了,new一个student对象
                    Student s = new Student();
                    s.setExamid(examid);
                    s.setIdcard(student_tag.getAttribute("idcard"));
                    s.setName(student_tag.getElementsByTagName("name").item(0).getTextContent());
                    s.setLocation(student_tag.getElementsByTagName("location").item(0).getTextContent());
                    s.setGrade(Double.parseDouble(student_tag.getElementsByTagName("grade").item(0).getTextContent()));
                    return s;
                }
            }
            return null;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }

    public void delete(String name) throws StudentNotExistException {
        try {
            Document document = XmlUtils.getDocument();
            NodeList list = document.getElementsByTagName("name");
            for (int i = 0; i < list.getLength(); i++) {
                if (list.item(i).getTextContent().equals(name)) {
                    list.item(i).getParentNode().getParentNode().removeChild(list.item(i).getParentNode());
                    XmlUtils.write2Xml(document);
                    return;
                }
            }

            throw new StudentNotExistException(name + "不存在");

        } catch (StudentNotExistException e) {
            throw e;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }

    }
}