最近在用户态下突然需要用到原子变量,又不想自己编译boost,思来索去,无意中竟发现gcc还有这一组内置函数.
//原子操作,返回变化前的值
type __sync_fetch_and_add (type *ptr, type value);
type __sync_fetch_and_sub (type *ptr, type value);
type __sync_fetch_and_or (type *ptr, type value);
type __sync_fetch_and_and (type *ptr, type value);
type __sync_fetch_and_xor (type *ptr, type value);
type __sync_fetch_and_nand (type *ptr, type value);
//原子操作,返回变化后的值
type __sync_add_and_fetch (type *ptr, type value);
type __sync_sub_and_fetch (type *ptr, type value);
type __sync_or_and_fetch (type *ptr, type value);
type __sync_and_and_fetch (type *ptr, type value);
type __sync_xor_and_fetch (type *ptr, type value);
type __sync_nand_and_fetch (type *ptr, type value);
按照官方文档的说法,
GCC will allow any integral scalar or pointer type that is 1, 2, 4, or 8 bytes in length. 16-byte integral types are also allowed if `__int128' (see __int128) is supported by the architecture.
也就是说至少支持长度为 1,2,4,8的整形。16位是否支持取决于体系结构
简单的测试了一下,发现不用include任何头文件,gcc编译时会自动替换成对应的汇编代码。
int main()
{
int a = 100;
__sync_fetch_and_add(&a,1);
return a;
}
看了下生成的汇编是这样的:
.file "funtest.c"
.text
.globl main
.type main, @function
main:
.LFB0:
.cfi_startproc
pushq %rbp
.cfi_def_cfa_offset 16
.cfi_offset 6, -16
movq %rsp, %rbp
.cfi_def_cfa_register 6
movl $100, -4(%rbp)
lock addl $1, -4(%rbp) //__sync_fetch_and_add(&a,1);对应的指令
movl -4(%rbp), %eax
popq %rbp
.cfi_def_cfa 7, 8
ret
.cfi_endproc
.LFE0:
.size main, .-main
.ident "GCC: (Debian 4.7.2-5) 4.7.2"
.section .note.GNU-stack,"",@progbits
参考链接