SpringMVC项目搭建及遇到的问题

最新推荐文章于 2021-10-22 09:08:44 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2021-10-22 09:08:44 发布

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文章标签： java 测试 web.xml

原文链接：https://my.oschina.net/u/3829307/blog/1794797

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2019独角兽企业重金招聘Python工程师标准>>>

搭建步骤：

1.加入jar包

2.在web.xml中dispatcherservlet

3.加入Spring MVC 配置文件

4.编写请求处理器并标识为控制器

5.编写视图

1.新建Dynamic Web Project文件(主要勾选，可自动生成web.xml)

2.将mvc jar 加入

3.配置核心控制器 dispatcherservlet(安装插件，自动生成，见上篇)

web.xml

<init-param>
           <param-name>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-name>
           <param-value>location</param-value>
       </init-param>

初始化参数配置：classpath：springmvc.xml，路径设置为classpath下的springmvc.xml

配置当前servlet映射，<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>所以请求都通过springmvc.xml，并被dispatcherservlet所处理。

代码：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
 <!-- The front controller of this Spring Web application, responsible for handling all application requests -->
	<servlet>
		<servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
		<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
		<init-param>
			<param-name>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-name>
			<param-value>location</param-value>
		</init-param>
		<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
	</servlet>

	<!-- Map all requests to the DispatcherServlet for handling -->
	<servlet-mapping>
		<servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
		<url-pattern>url</url-pattern>
	</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

3.在类路径下面设置springmvc.xml配置文件，与初始化参数中的名称保持一致。

别忘记加入context包

物理视图：真实存在的文件

逻辑视图：通过视图解析器（类）解析成物理视图

逻辑视图为hello,寻找到的为/hello.jsp

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd">
<context:component-scan base-package="com.ex.handler"></context:component-scan>
<bean class = "org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/"></property>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
</bean>
</beans>

4.建立index.jsp

请求某个控制器，并响应

会出现问题：Multiple annotations found at this line:
- The superclass "javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet" was not found on the Java
Build Path

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"
    pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<a href="hello">hello world</a>
</body>
</html>

解决办法：https://blog.csdn.net/sinat_16381803/article/details/46888585

我的服务器是8.0，就是没有添加服务器的问题

5.建一个普通的java类在src下，包名可以自己随意发挥

package com.ex.handler;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@Controller
public class helloworldhandler {
/**
 * 控制器处理请求的业务方法名称
 * public string 方法名称（）{
 * 
 * }
 * 如果方法是公有的，并且暂时是string类型，就可以接受请求，处理相应
 * string：当前方法处理完毕后，所以返回的逻辑视图名称
 * 
 */
	@RequestMapping(value="/hello")
	public String hello() {
		System.out.println("欢迎走进spring MVC，你创建的第一个方法成功了");
		return "success";
	}

}

然后就可以运行了！啦啦啦

然而出现了问题，，，，

root cause
org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanDefinitionStoreException: IOException parsing XML document from ServletContext resource [/WEB-INF/springDispatcherServlet-servlet.xml]; nested exception is java.io.FileNotFoundException: Could not open ServletContext resource [/WEB-INF/springDispatcherServlet-servlet.xml]
	org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:343)
	org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:303)
	org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:187)
	org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:223)
	org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:194)
	org.springframework.web.context.support.XmlWebApplicationContext.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlWebApplicationContext.java:125)
	org.springframework.web.context.support.XmlWebApplicationContext.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlWebApplicationContext.java:94)
	org.springframework.context.support.AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext.refreshBeanFactory(AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext.java:133)
	org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.obtainFreshBeanFactory(AbstractApplicationContext.java:621)
	org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:522)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:672)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.createWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:638)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.createWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:686)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.initWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:554)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.initServletBean(FrameworkServlet.java:499)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.HttpServletBean.init(HttpServletBean.java:172)
	javax.servlet.GenericServlet.init(GenericServlet.java:158)
	org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:502)
	org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:79)
	org.apache.catalina.valves.AbstractAccessLogValve.invoke(AbstractAccessLogValve.java:616)
	org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:518)
	org.apache.coyote.http11.AbstractHttp11Processor.process(AbstractHttp11Processor.java:1091)
	org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$AbstractConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:673)
	org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(NioEndpoint.java:1500)
	org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.run(NioEndpoint.java:1456)
	java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142)
	java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617)
	org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61)
	java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)

 root cause
java.io.FileNotFoundException: Could not open ServletContext resource [/WEB-INF/springDispatcherServlet-servlet.xml]
	org.springframework.web.context.support.ServletContextResource.getInputStream(ServletContextResource.java:159)
	org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:329)
	org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:303)
	org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:187)
	org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:223)
	org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:194)
	org.springframework.web.context.support.XmlWebApplicationContext.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlWebApplicationContext.java:125)
	org.springframework.web.context.support.XmlWebApplicationContext.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlWebApplicationContext.java:94)
	org.springframework.context.support.AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext.refreshBeanFactory(AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext.java:133)
	org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.obtainFreshBeanFactory(AbstractApplicationContext.java:621)
	org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:522)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:672)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.createWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:638)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.createWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:686)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.initWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:554)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.initServletBean(FrameworkServlet.java:499)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.HttpServletBean.init(HttpServletBean.java:172)
	javax.servlet.GenericServlet.init(GenericServlet.java:158)
	org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:502)
	org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:79)
	org.apache.catalina.valves.AbstractAccessLogValve.invoke(AbstractAccessLogValve.java:616)
	org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:518)
	org.apache.coyote.http11.AbstractHttp11Processor.process(AbstractHttp11Processor.java:1091)
	org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$AbstractConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:673)
	org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(NioEndpoint.java:1500)
	org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.run(NioEndpoint.java:1456)
	java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142)
	java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617)
	org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61)
	java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)

 note The full stack trace of the root cause is available in the Apache Tomcat/8.0.27 logs.

查了很多答案，最后的解决方法为：

index.jsp和success.jsp的位置问题，index.jsp在WebContent文件夹下，success.jsp在WEB-INF文件下。

然后出现了index.jsp的界面，但是点超链接还是500，气人不，，，，，

后来发现我的web.xml文件写错了，，，，，所以dispatcherservlet处理不了请求

<init-param>
			<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
			<param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>

然后就成功了！！！！

ps:如果还有500问题也有可能是服务器和jdk版本的问题，我的解决方法是：

window-preferences-server-Runtime Environment-edit

jre选择第一个，我开始用的我自己的jdk,就一直出问题，，然后经过一步步的艰辛，终于运行出来第一个程序，感觉环境搭建有的时候挺难的还很致命，所以，，解决了环境问题，接下来就是专心学习spring MVC啦啦啦，巨开森！！！

转载于:https://my.oschina.net/u/3829307/blog/1794797

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SpringMVC项目搭建及遇到的问题

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