#define IDC_MAIN_BUTTON 101

#define IDC_MAIN_EDIT  102                                           // Edit box identifier

HWND hEdit;



LRESULT CALLBACK WinProc(HWND hWnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam);




int APIENTRY _tWinMain( _In_ HINSTANCE hInstance,

                     _In_opt_ HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,

                     _In_ LPTSTR     lpCmdLine,

                     _In_ int        nCmdShow)

{

                

                 /*

                cbClsExtra             Additional parameters

                cbSize     Specifies the size of the window class

                cbWndExtra          Additional parameters

                hbrBackground    Sets background color for the window

                hCursor  The cursor that will appear in the window

                hIcon      Icon for the window

                hIconSm                Small icon for the window

                hInstance              Handle to the application instance

                lpfnWndProc        The callback procedure (more on that later)

                lpszClassName     The unique name of the window class

                lpszMenuName    Used for menus

                style       The look and feel of the window

                */

                 WNDCLASSEX wClass;

                 ZeroMemory(&wClass, sizeof (WNDCLASSEX)); //结构体清零，不让结构的成员数值具有不确定性。

                wClass.cbClsExtra = NULL;

                wClass.cbSize = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX );

                wClass.cbWndExtra = NULL;

                wClass.hbrBackground = ( HBRUSH)COLOR_WINDOW ;

                wClass.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL , IDC_ARROW);

                wClass.hIcon = NULL;

                wClass.hIconSm = NULL;

                wClass.hInstance = hInstance;

                wClass.lpfnWndProc = ( WNDPROC)WinProc;

                wClass.lpszClassName = _T("Window Class" );

                wClass.lpszMenuName = NULL;

                wClass.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW ;


                 if (!RegisterClassEx (&wClass))

                {

                                 int nResult = GetLastError();//返回错误编码

                                 MessageBox(NULL ,

                                                 _T("Window class creation failed" ),

                                                 _T("Window Class Failed" ),

                                                 MB_ICONERROR);

                }



                 HWND hWnd = CreateWindowEx (NULL,

                                 _T("Window Class" ),

                                 _T("Windows application" ),

                                 WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,

                                200,

                                200,

                                640,

                                480,

                                 NULL,

                                 NULL,

                                 hInstance,

                                 NULL);


                ShowWindow(hWnd, nCmdShow);


                 MSG msg;

                 ZeroMemory(&msg, sizeof (MSG));


                 while (GetMessage (&msg, NULL, 0, 0))

                {

                                TranslateMessage(&msg);

                                 DispatchMessage(&msg);

                }


                 return 0;

}



LRESULT CALLBACK WinProc(HWND hWnd, UINT msg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)

{

                 switch (msg )

                {

                   case WM_CREATE :{

                                                                                                  hEdit = CreateWindowEx (

                                                                                                                  WS_EX_CLIENTEDGE,

                                                                                                                  _T("EDIT" ),

                                                                                                                  _T("" ),

                                                                                                                  WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | ES_MULTILINE | ES_AUTOHSCROLL | ES_AUTOVSCROLL,

                                                                                                                  50,100,200,100,

                                                                                                                  hWnd,

                                                                                                                  (HMENU)IDC_MAIN_EDIT ,

                                                                                                                  GetModuleHandle(NULL ),

                                                                                                                  NULL

                                                                                                                  );

                                                                                                  HGDIOBJ hfDefault = GetStockObject(DEFAULT_GUI_FONT );//该函数检索预定义的备用笔、刷子、字体或者调色板的句柄。

                                                                                                  SendMessage(hEdit,

                                                                                                                  WM_SETFONT,

                                                                                                                  (WPARAM)hfDefault,

                                                                                                                  MAKELPARAM(FALSE , 0));

                                                                                                  SendMessage(hEdit,

                                                                                                                  WM_SETTEXT,

                                                                                                                  NULL,

                                                                                                                  (LPARAM)_T ("Insert text here..."));

                                                                                                  HWND hWndButton = CreateWindowEx (NULL, _T("BUTTON" ), _T("OK"), WS_TABSTOP | WS_VISIBLE | WS_CHILD | BS_DEFPUSHBUTTON,

                                                                                                                  50, 220, 100, 24, hWnd , (HMENU)IDC_MAIN_BUTTON ,

                                                                                                                  GetModuleHandle(NULL ),

                                                                                                                  NULL);

                                                                                                  //makelparam和makewparam都是一样的 将两个word型合并成一个dword型。一个在高16位，一个在低16位

                                                                                                  SendMessage(hWndButton, WM_SETFONT , (WPARAM)hfDefault, MAKELPARAM (FALSE, 0));

                   } break;

                   case WM_COMMAND : //窗口菜单 或子窗口控件产生的消息

                                                                                                   /*

                                                                                                   窗口菜单：

                                                                                                                LOWORD(wParam): 菜单id

                                                                                                                HIWORD(wParam): 0

                                                                                                                lParam: 0

                                                                                                                如果这个消息是由子窗口控件产生，如button产生则：

                                                                                                                LOWORD(wParam): 控件ID

                                                                                                                HIWORD(wParam): 通知码

                                                                                                                lParam: 子窗口句柄。

                                                                                                                如果这个消息是由子窗口或者快捷键产生则通知码为1，由菜单产生通知码为0。

                                                                                                                通过参数，可以区分这个消息的来源是来自于控件，快捷键还是菜单。

                                                                                                   */

                                   switch (LOWORD (wParam))

                                   {

                                   case IDC_MAIN_BUTTON :

                                   {

                                                                 char buffer[256];

                                                                 SendMessage(hEdit,

                                                                                 WM_GETTEXT,

                                                                                 sizeof(buffer) / sizeof (buffer[0]),

                                                                                 reinterpret_cast<LPARAM >(buffer));

                                                                 /*

                                                                reinterpret_cast    C++里的强制类型转换符。

                                                                reinterpret_cast<type-id> (expression)

                                                                type-id 必须是一个指针、引用、算术类型、函数指针或者成员指针。

                                                                它可以把一个指针转换成一个整数，也可以把一个整数转换成一个指针

                                                                （先把一个指针转换成一个整数，再把该整数转换成原类型的指针，还可以得到原先的指针值）。


                                                                */

                                                                 MessageBox(NULL ,

                                                                                ( LPCWSTR)buffer,

                                                                                 _T("Information" ),

                                                                                 MB_ICONINFORMATION);

                                   }

                                                   break;

                                   }

                                   break;

                                 case WM_DESTROY :

                                {

                                                PostQuitMessage(0);

                                                 return 0;

                                }

                                 break;

                }


                 return DefWindowProc (hWnd, msg, wParam, lParam);

}