android调用web service(cxf)实例

最新推荐文章于 2021-02-25 04:01:28 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2021-02-25 04:01:28 发布

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文章标签：移动开发 java web.xml

本文详细介绍了如何在Android平台上使用Ksoap2-android库调用WebService，包括服务器端的搭建、客户端的实现以及调用过程中的关键步骤。通过实例演示了如何与Java服务器端进行交互，展示了从创建HttpTransportSE对象到调用WebService并处理返回值的完整流程。

摘要由CSDN通过智能技术生成

Google为ndroid平台开发Web Service提供了支持，提供了Ksoap2-android相关架包

1.下载该夹包可以直接登录http://code.google.com/p/ksoap2-android/,现在该站点已经提供了直接的下载，只要点击下载链接就可以下载了；

我现在的是ksoap2-android-assembly-2.6.5-jar-with-dependencies.jar

2.好了，现在我们就可以进行新建项目来进行测试了，首先我们先建立java服务端,这里的一些前期准备我就不说了（比如与spring的整合等示例），

如果有不清楚的可以去看博客 http://www.cnblogs.com/shenliang123/archive/2012/04/16/2451580.html

由于这里重点是android客户端，java服务器端就直接给代码了

Interface:(这里提供了两个方法，一个传递的是简单字符串，另一个传递的是符合对象+集合)

package xidian.sl.service.webService;

import javax.jws.WebParam;
import javax.jws.WebService;
import javax.jws.soap.SOAPBinding;
import javax.jws.soap.SOAPBinding.Style;

import xidian.sl.service.impl.webService.StudentList;

@WebService
@SOAPBinding(style = Style.RPC)
public interface TestService {
    public String getUser(@WebParam(name = "name")String name);
    public StudentList getStuList();
}

implement:

package xidian.sl.service.impl.webService;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import javax.jws.WebService;

import xidian.sl.entity.Students;
import xidian.sl.service.webService.TestService;

@WebService(endpointInterface = "xidian.sl.service.webService.TestService")
public class TestServiceImpl implements TestService {

    @Override
    public String getUser(String name) {
        System.out.println("客户端传递的名字为 = "+name);
        return name;
    }

    @Override
    public StudentList getStuList() {
        System.out.println("该方法被调用");
        List<Students> stuList = new ArrayList<Students>();
        //第一个学生
        Students stu1 = new Students();
        stu1.setStuName("沈浪");
        stu1.setStuNum("1006010054");
        stu1.setStuSex("男");
        stuList.add(stu1);
        //第二个学生
        Students stu2 = new Students();
        stu2.setStuName("香香");
        stu2.setStuNum("1006010043");
        stu2.setStuSex("女");
        stuList.add(stu2);
        //将List集合封装成一个对象才能在webService中进行传递
        StudentList studentList = new StudentList();
        studentList.setStuList(stuList);
        return studentList;
    }

}

list的封装对象

package xidian.sl.service.impl.webService;

import java.util.List;

import xidian.sl.entity.Students;

public class StudentList {
    private List<Students> stuList;

    public List<Students> getStuList() {
        return stuList;
    }

    public void setStuList(List<Students> stuList) {
        this.stuList = stuList;
    }
    
}

然后在srping的整合配置文件中进行如下配置即可（默认web.xml中已经进行配置）

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
        <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
        xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
        xmlns:jaxws="http://cxf.apache.org/jaxws"
        xsi:schemaLocation="
                http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
                http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
                http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
                http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
                http://cxf.apache.org/jaxws 
                http://cxf.apache.org/schemas/jaxws.xsd">
        
                <import resource="classpath:META-INF/cxf/cxf.xml" />  <!-- 这些xml文件在cxf-2.5.0.jar的META-INF目录下-->
                <!--<import resource="classpath:META-INF/cxf/cxf-extension-soap.xml" />
                        警告提示已经废弃了cxf-extension-soap.xml文件-->
                <import resource="classpath:META-INF/cxf/cxf-servlet.xml" />

                
                <!-- 这里配置服务接口，后面描述
                
                    id：指在spring配置的bean的ID.

                    Implementor:指明具体的实现类.

                    Address:指明这个web service的相对地址
                 -->

                      <!-- 测试 -->
                      <bean id="testServiceImpl" class="xidian.sl.service.impl.webService.TestServiceImpl" >
                      </bean>
                    <jaxws:endpoint id="testService" 
                            implementor="#testServiceImpl"
                            address="/test" />
                      
                  <!-- 开启tomcat服务器 ，访问http://localhost:8080/WebExam/services/test?wsdl 
                      http://localhost:8080/WebExam是本项目的访问地址

                    services是由于web.xml配置所得，test是由于Spring配置文件中的address属性所得
                  
                  -->
                  
        </beans>

3.到此服务器端的已经建立完全，我们可以测试下：开启tomcat，然后在浏览器中输入http://localhost:8090/WebExam/services/test?wsdl可以查看wsdl

现在我们就可以开始建立android客户端了

新建一个项目后导入ksoap2-android-assembly-2.6.5-jar-with-dependencies.jar，这里要特别注意：导入包的方式不要选择项目右键---->build path---->

add external archives...，如果使用这种方式表面上好像是导入了包，但还是没有办法引用到，然后启动项目后一直会报：

我们还是选择和开发web一样的方式，就是在项目下新建lib或者libs文件夹，然后将jar直接复制到该文件夹中，IDE会帮助直接引入的：

这样就正确无误了，不再会报类无法引用到了

android中通过webservice调用服务器端其实还是很简单的，只要按部就班的按照下面步骤进行即可：

（1）创建HttpTransportSE对象，该对象用于调用WebService操作

HttpTransportSE ht = new HttpTransportSE(SERVICE_URL);

（2）创建SoapSerializationEnvelope对象

 SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope = new SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11);

（3）创建SoapObject对象，创建该对象时需要传入所要调用的Web Service的命名空间和WebService方法名

SoapObject request = new SoapObject(SERVICE_NS, methodName);

（4）如果有参数传给Web Service服务器端，调用SoapObject对象的addProperty(String name, Object value)方法来设置参数，该方法的name参数指定参数名

　　注意：参数名不一定要与服务端的方法中的参数名相同，只要对应顺序相同即可；value参数指定参数值

request.addProperty("name", "1006010054");

（5）调用SoapSerializationEnvelope的setOutputSoapObject()方法，或者直接对bodyOut属性赋值，将前两步创建的SoapObject对象设为SoapSerializationEnvelope

　　的传出SOAP消息体

 envelope.bodyOut = request;

（6）调用对象的call()方法，并以SoapSerializationEnvelope作为参数调用远程的web service

ht.call(null, envelope);

（7）掉用完成后，访问SoapSerializationEnvelope对象的bodyIn属性，该属性返回一个SoapObject对象，该对象就代表Web service的返回消息，解析该对象，即可获得

　　调用web service的返回值

SoapObject result = (SoapObject) envelope.bodyIn;
                String name = result.getProperty(0).toString();

下面给书具体的实例：
mian.xml很简单就是两个编辑框：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="fill_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical" >

    <TextView
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="@string/hello" />

    <EditText
        android:id="@+id/editText1"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:ems="10" >

        <requestFocus />
    </EditText>

    <EditText
        android:id="@+id/editText2"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:ems="10" />

</LinearLayout>

Activity:（该Activity调用了服务器端返回普通字符串的方法）

package xidian.sl.android.webservice;

import org.ksoap2.SoapEnvelope;
import org.ksoap2.serialization.SoapObject;
import org.ksoap2.serialization.SoapSerializationEnvelope;
import org.ksoap2.transport.HttpTransportSE;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.widget.EditText;

public class WebServiceSimpleDemo extends Activity{
    final static String SERVICE_NS = "http://webService.service.sl.xidian/";
    final static String SERVICE_URL = "http://192.168.1.103:8090/WebExam/services/test";
    private EditText txt1;
    private EditText txt2;
    /** Called when the activity is first created. */
    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.main);
        txt1 = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.editText1);
        txt2 = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.editText2);
        //调用的方法
        String methodName = "getUser";
        //创建httpTransportSE传输对象
        HttpTransportSE ht = new HttpTransportSE(SERVICE_URL);
        ht.debug = true;
        //使用soap1.1协议创建Envelop对象
        SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope = new SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11);
        //实例化SoapObject对象
        SoapObject request = new SoapObject(SERVICE_NS, methodName);
        /**
         * 设置参数，参数名不一定需要跟调用的服务器端的参数名相同，只需要对应的顺序相同即可
         * */
        request.addProperty("name", "1006010054");
        //将SoapObject对象设置为SoapSerializationEnvelope对象的传出SOAP消息
        envelope.bodyOut = request;
        try{
            //调用webService
            ht.call(null, envelope);
            //txt1.setText("看看"+envelope.getResponse());
            if(envelope.getResponse() != null){
                txt2.setText("有返回");
                SoapObject result = (SoapObject) envelope.bodyIn;
                String name = result.getProperty(0).toString();
                txt1.setText("返回值 = "+name);
            }else{
                txt2.setText("无返回");
            }
        }catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

在AndroidManifest.xml进行Activity的注册和并添加访问网络的权限

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="xidian.sl.android.webservice"
    android:versionCode="1"
    android:versionName="1.0" >

    <uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion="10" />

    <application
        android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name" >
        <activity
            android:name=".WebServiceSimpleDemo"
            android:label="@string/app_name" >
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
    </application>
    <!-- 声明该应用自身所拥有的权限 -->
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
</manifest>

运行后的结果如图所示：

下面我们来试着调用回传符合对象的方法：

activity:

package xidian.sl.android.webservice;

import org.ksoap2.SoapEnvelope;
import org.ksoap2.serialization.SoapObject;
import org.ksoap2.serialization.SoapSerializationEnvelope;
import org.ksoap2.transport.HttpTransportSE;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.widget.EditText;

public class WebServiceComplexDemo extends Activity{
    final static String SERVICE_NS = "http://webService.service.sl.xidian/";
    final static String SERVICE_URL = "http://192.168.1.103:8090/WebExam/services/test";
    private EditText txt1;
    private EditText txt2;
    /** Called when the activity is first created. */
    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.main);
        txt1 = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.editText1);
        txt2 = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.editText2);
        //调用的方法
        String methodName = "getStuList";
        //创建httpTransportSE传输对象
        HttpTransportSE ht = new HttpTransportSE(SERVICE_URL);
        ht.debug = true;
        //使用soap1.1协议创建Envelop对象
        SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope = new SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11);
        //实例化SoapObject对象
        SoapObject request = new SoapObject(SERVICE_NS, methodName);
        /**
         * 设置参数，参数名不一定需要跟调用的服务器端的参数名相同，只需要对应的顺序相同即可
         * */
        //request.addProperty("name", "1006010054");
        //将SoapObject对象设置为SoapSerializationEnvelope对象的传出SOAP消息
        envelope.bodyOut = request;
        try{
            //调用webService
            ht.call(null, envelope);
            txt2.setText("回传的值 ："+envelope.getResponse());
            if(envelope.getResponse() != null){
                SoapObject result = (SoapObject) envelope.bodyIn;
                SoapObject soapChilds = (SoapObject)result.getProperty(0); 
                StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
                for(int   i=0; i <soapChilds.getPropertyCount(); i++){ 
                    SoapObject soapChildsChilds = (SoapObject)soapChilds.getProperty(i); 
                    sb.append("姓名["+i+"] = "+soapChildsChilds.getProperty(0).toString()+"\n");
                    sb.append("学号["+i+"] = "+soapChildsChilds.getProperty(1).toString()+"\n");
                    sb.append("性别["+i+"] = "+soapChildsChilds.getProperty(2).toString()+"\n"+"\n");
            }
                txt1.setText(sb.toString());
            }else{
                txt1.setText("无返回");
            }
        }catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}