[Spring4.x]基于spring4.x纯注解的Web工程搭建

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在前文中已经说明了如何基于 Spring4.x+ 版本开发纯注解的非web项目，链接如下：

https://my.oschina.net/morpheusWB/blog/2985600

本文则主要说明，如何在Web项目中，"基于spring纯注解方式如何开发？"，且看下文：

下面基于Eclipse Oxygen版本，开发一个普通的Java Web工程，演示如下：

1. 基于 maven-archetype-webapp 骨架 创建一个普通的Maven工程：

2. 在pom.xml中加入spring、logback、servlet及常用jar包的依赖：

3. 在src/main/resources下创建 application.properties、logback.xml、assembly.xml 等配置文件

4. 在Java 代码中创建 @Configuration、@ComponentScan类用于替代xml配置

代替springmvc.xml 配置的类定义

package com.morpheus.web.config;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan.Filter;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.EnableWebMvc;

@Configuration
@EnableWebMvc
@ComponentScan(basePackages = "com.morpheus.web.controller", includeFilters = @Filter(classes = Controller.class), useDefaultFilters = false)
public class WebMVCConfig {
}

代替applicationContext.xml 的类定义

package com.morpheus.web.config;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan.Filter;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;

@Configuration
@ComponentScan(basePackages = { "com.morpheus.web" }, excludeFilters = { @Filter(classes = Controller.class) })
public class ApplicationConfig {
}

5. 在Java 代码中编写 @Component、@Service、@Controller、@RestController 等基本组件类

package com.morpheus.web.controller;

import java.text.DateFormat;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Calendar;

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
import com.morpheus.web.util.JSONUtil;

@RestController
public class TimeController {
	private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(TimeController.class);

	public TimeController() {
	}

	@RequestMapping(value = "/time", method = { RequestMethod.GET })
	public ResponseEntity<String> getTime() {
		LOGGER.info("TimeController.getTime()	begin...");
		DateFormat dateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss:SSS");
		String time = dateFormat.format(Calendar.getInstance().getTime());
		JSONObject resJSON = JSONUtil.createJSON(true, HttpStatus.OK.value(), time);
		return ResponseEntity.ok().contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8).body(resJSON.toJSONString());
	}
}

6. 在Java 代码中使用 @Autowired、@Resource 等注入依赖Bean

7. 在Java 代码中使用 @Value 等注入配置值

8. 使用 maven-war-plugin  打包项目为标准的war包，以便部署到servlet容器中

9. 在web.xml中指定相关配置

<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
 "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
 "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >

<web-app>
	<display-name>WebMVC Application</display-name>
	<filter>
		<filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
		<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
		<init-param>
			<param-name>encoding</param-name>
			<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
		</init-param>
		<init-param>
			<param-name>forceRequestEncoding</param-name>
			<param-value>false</param-value>
		</init-param>
		<init-param>
			<param-name>forceResponseEncoding</param-name>
			<param-value>true</param-value>
		</init-param>
	</filter>
	<filter-mapping>
		<filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
		<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
	</filter-mapping>
	<servlet>
		<servlet-name>SpringServlet</servlet-name>
		<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
		<init-param>
			<param-name>contextClass</param-name>
			<param-value>org.springframework.web.context.support.AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext</param-value>
		</init-param>
		<init-param>
			<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
			<param-value>com.morpheus.web.config.WebMVCConfig</param-value>
		</init-param>
		<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
	</servlet>
	<servlet-mapping>
		<servlet-name>SpringServlet</servlet-name>
		<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
	</servlet-mapping>

	<welcome-file-list>
		<welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
		<welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
		<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
	</welcome-file-list>
</web-app>

当然，步骤9中如果是基于 servlet 3.x 规范，也可以通过类定义方式取代 web.xml 配置；

完成以上步骤开发后，使用 mvn clean package 打包部署到 tomcat 就可以正常使用服务了

 

转载于:https://my.oschina.net/morpheusWB/blog/2988967