在实际工作中，新项目上线往往都需要搭建HA，此时我们可以通过ansible的playbook来秒级搭建好一个HA环境，从而解放双手；

此playbook适用于centos6、centos7的keepalived搭建，但是请注意var/main.yml中变量的修改，修改为你自己想的设定的配置；

playbook的目录结构：

[root@shvpuppet01 roles]# tree keepalived/
keepalived/
├── files
│   ├── check_nginx.sh
│   └── notify.sh
├── handles
├── meta
├── tasks
│   ├── keepalived_backup.yml
│   ├── keepalived_master.yml
│   └── main.yml
├── templates
│   ├── keepalived_backup.conf.j2
│   └── keepalived_master.conf.j2
└── vars
    └── main.yml

6 directories, 8 files

文件说明：
check_nginx.sh：用于检查nginx是否存活，如果nginx不存活，刚keepalived权重降级20，VIP将发生切换
notify.sh：当VIP切换发生后，邮件通知相关用户
keepalived_master.yml：keepalived MASTER节点的安装任务
keepalived_backup.yml：keepalived BACKUP节点的安装任务
tasks/main.yml：将要执行的任务include在此文件中，并同时指定tags对各安装任务进行区别
keepalived_master.conf.j2：MASTER节点的模板配置文件
keepalived_backup.conf.j2：BACKUP节点的模板配置文件
vars/main.yml：所以变量都定义在此文件中

check_nginx.sh的内容：

#!/bin/bash
port=80
nmap localhost -p $port | grep "$port/tcp open"
if [ $? -ne 0 ];then
	exit 10
fi

notify.sh的内容：

#!/bin/bash
VIP=$2
sendmail (){
	maillist=(
		zhengwei.liu@xxx.cn
	)
	if [ "$1" == "master" ];then
		subject="${VIP}'s server keepalived state is translate"
		content="`date +'%F %T'`: `hostname`'s state change to master"
		for mail in ${maillist[*]};do
			echo $content | mail -s "$subject" $mail
       		done
	elif [ "$1" == "backup" ];then
		subject="${VIP}'s server keepalived state is translate"
                content="`date +'%F %T'`: `hostname`'s state change to backup"
                for mail in ${maillist[*]};do
                        echo $content | mail -s "$subject" $mail
                done
	fi
}
case "$1" in
  master)
	sendmail master
  ;;
  backup)
	sendmail backup
  ;;
  *)
	echo "Usage:$0 master|backup VIP"
  ;;
esac

keepalived_master.conf.j2模板的配置内容：

! Configuration File for keepalived

global_defs {
    notification_email {
     acassen@firewall.loc
     failover@firewall.loc
     sysadmin@firewall.loc
   }
   notification_email_from Alexandre.Cassen@firewall.loc
   smtp_server 192.168.200.1
   smtp_connect_timeout 30
   router_id {{ ROUTE_ID }}
}
vrrp_script chk_nginx {
    script "/etc/keepalived/check_nginx.sh"
    interval 1
    weight -20
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state {{ MASTER }}
    interface {{ INTERFACE }}
    virtual_router_id {{ VIRTUAL_ROUTE_ID }}
    priority {{ PRIOTIRY_MASTER }}
    advert_int 1
    authentication {
        auth_type {{ AUTH_TYPE }}
        auth_pass {{ AUTH_PASS }}
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
	{{ VIRTUAL_IP }}/25
    }
    track_script {
	chk_nginx
    }
    notify_master "/etc/keepalived/notify.sh master {{ VIRTUAL_IP }}"
    notify_backup "/etc/keepalived/notify.sh backup {{ VIRTUAL_IP }}"
}

keepalived_backup.conf.j2模板的配置内容：

! Configuration File for keepalived

global_defs {
   notification_email {
     acassen@firewall.loc
     failover@firewall.loc
     sysadmin@firewall.loc
   }
   notification_email_from Alexandre.Cassen@firewall.loc
   smtp_server 192.168.200.1
   smtp_connect_timeout 30
   router_id {{ ROUTE_ID }}
}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state {{ BACKUP }}
    interface {{ INTERFACE }}
    virtual_router_id {{ VIRTUAL_ROUTE_ID }}
    priority {{ PRIOTIRY_BACKUP }}
    advert_int 1
    authentication {
        auth_type {{ AUTH_TYPE }}
        auth_pass {{ AUTH_PASS }}
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
	{{ VIRTUAL_IP }}/25
    }
    notify_master "/etc/keepalived/notify.sh master {{ VIRTUAL_IP }}"
    notify_backup "/etc/keepalived/notify.sh backup {{ VIRTUAL_IP }}"
}

vars/main.yml变量的内容：

---
MASTER: "MASTER"
BACKUP: "BACKUP"
PRIOTIRY_MASTER: "100"
PRIOTIRY_BACKUP: "90"
VIRTUAL_ROUTE_ID: "80"
VIRTUAL_IP: "10.10.5.99"
AUTH_TYPE: "pass"
AUTH_PASS: "111111"
ROUTE_ID: "TEST"
INTERFACE: "ens160"

keepalived_master.yml任务的内容：

---
- name: "安装keepalived"
  yum:
    name: keepalived
    state: present
- name: "复制检测、通知脚本"
  copy:
    src={{ item }}
    dest=/etc/keepalived/
    mode=755
  with_items:
    - check_nginx.sh
    - notify.sh
- name: "复制配置文件"
  template:
    src=keepalived_master.conf.j2
    dest=/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
- name: "配置keepalived日志格式"
  lineinfile:
    path: /etc/sysconfig/keepalived
    regexp: 'KEEPALIVED_OPTIONS="-D"'
    line: 'KEEPALIVED_OPTIONS="-D -S 3"'
    backrefs: no
- name: "创建日志目录"
  file:
    path: /var/log/keepalived
    state: directory
- name: "配置rsyslog中关于keepalived的"
  lineinfile:
    path: /etc/rsyslog.conf
    insertafter: 'local7.*                                                /var/log/boot.log'
    line: 'local3.*                                                /var/log/keepalived/keepalived.log'
- name: "配置日志的udp"
  lineinfile:
    path: /etc/rsyslog.conf
    insertafter: 'UDPServerRun 514'
    line: '$ModLoad imudp'
- name: "配置日志的udp"
  lineinfile:
    path: /etc/rsyslog.conf
    insertafter: 'UDPServerRun 514'
    line: '$UDPServerRun 514'
- name: "重启日志"
  service:
    name=rsyslog
    state=restarted
- name: "启动keepalived,设置开机自动启动"
  service:
    name=keepalived
    state=started
    enabled=yes

keepalived_backup.yml任务的内容：

---
- name: "安装keepalived"
  yum:
    name: keepalived
    state: present
- name: "复制检测、通知脚本"
  copy:
    src={{ item }}
    dest=/etc/keepalived/
    mode=755
  with_items:
    - notify.sh
- name: "复制配置文件"
  template:
    src=keepalived_backup.conf.j2
    dest=/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
- name: "配置keepalived日志格式"
  lineinfile:
    path: /etc/sysconfig/keepalived
    regexp: 'KEEPALIVED_OPTIONS="-D"'
    line: 'KEEPALIVED_OPTIONS="-D -S 3"'
    backrefs: no
- name: "创建日志目录"
  file:
    path: /var/log/keepalived
    state: directory
- name: "配置rsyslog中关于keepalived的"
  lineinfile:
    path: /etc/rsyslog.conf
    insertafter: 'local7.*                                                /var/log/boot.log'
    line: 'local3.*                                                /var/log/keepalived/keepalived.log'
- name: "配置日志的udp"
  lineinfile:
    path: /etc/rsyslog.conf
    insertafter: 'UDPServerRun 514'
    line: '$ModLoad imudp'
- name: "配置日志的udp"
  lineinfile:
    path: /etc/rsyslog.conf
    insertafter: 'UDPServerRun 514'
    line: '$UDPServerRun 514'
- name: "重启日志"
  service:
    name=rsyslog
    state=restarted
- name: "启动keepalived,设置开机自动启动"
  service:
    name=keepalived
    state=started
    enabled=yes

tasks/main.yml内容：

---
- include: keepalived_master.yml
  tags: master 
- include: keepalived_backup.yml
  tags: backup

如何执行安装：

MASTER安装命令：ansible-playbook keepalived.yml --tags master

BACKUP安装命令：ansible-playbook keepalived.yml --tags backup