当表中有特殊字符时，可以使用escape进行查询，官方描述如下:

The pattern can contain special pattern-matching characters:

  • An underscore (_) in the pattern matches exactly one character (as opposed to one byte in a multibyte character set) in the value.

  • A percent sign (%) in the pattern can match zero or more characters (as opposed to bytes in a multibyte character set) in the value. The pattern '%' cannot match a null.

You can include the actual characters % or _ in the pattern by using the ESCAPE clause, which identifies the escape character. If the escape character precedes the character % or _ in the pattern, then Oracle interprets this character literally in the pattern rather than as a special pattern-matching character. You can also search for the escape character itself by repeating it. For example, if @ is the escape character, then you can use @@ to search for @.

ESCAPE Clause Example The following example searches for employees with the pattern A_B in their name:

SELECT last_name 
    FROM employees
    WHERE last_name LIKE '%A\_B%' ESCAPE '\';

The ESCAPE clause identifies the backslash (\) as the escape character. In the pattern, the escape character precedes the underscore (_). This causes Oracle to interpret the underscore literally, rather than as a special pattern matching character.