Swift - 判断设备类型开发兼容的iOS应用（iPad使用分隔视图控制器）

1，分割视图控制器（UISplitViewController）

在iPhone应用中，使用导航控制器由上一层界面进入下一层界面。

但iPad屏幕较大，通常使用SplitViewController来实现导航（这个是iPad专用的视图控制器）。在横屏下，左侧显示一个 导航列表，点击后右边显示对应的详情。竖屏情况下显示方式会有所不同，默认只显示详细面板，原来左侧的导航列表会通过浮动窗口隐藏，需要从边缘向内拖动来 显示。

2，开发兼容的iOS应用

有时候需要开发兼容iPhone、iPod、iPad的应用，这时候需要判断设备类型，如果是iPhone、iPod就不应该使用 SplitViewController。另外处理方式也会有变化，如点击列表项时，在iPad直接在右侧展示详情，而iPhone却需要导航到详细页。

iOS提供了UIDevice类来判断设备的类型，其userInterfaceIdiom属性返回设备类型枚举

3，样例效果图

  iPhone：

      

  iPad：（注：iPad要旋转成横屏，竖屏下一片空白）

   

4，样例代码
--- AppDelegate.swift 应用入口 ---

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import UIKit   @UIApplicationMain class AppDelegate : UIResponder , UIApplicationDelegate {                                    var window: UIWindow ?        func application(application: UIApplication ,          didFinishLaunchingWithOptions launchOptions: [ NSObject : AnyObject ]?) -> Bool {          self .window = UIWindow (frame: UIScreen .mainScreen().bounds)          // Override point for customization after application launch.          self .window!.backgroundColor = UIColor .whiteColor()          self .window!.makeKeyAndVisible()                    //初始化列表面板          let master = MasterViewController ()          //初始化详情面板          let detail = DetailViewController ()          //设置列表面板引用详情面板，以便用户点击列表项时调用详情面板的相应方法          master.detailViewController = detail          //用导航包装master列表，显示导航条，如果是分割面板也不影响功能          let nav = UINavigationController (rootViewController: master)          // 如果是iPhone或iPod则只显示列表页，如果是iPad则显示分割面板          if ( UIDevice .currentDevice().userInterfaceIdiom == . Phone ) {              self .window!.rootViewController = nav          }          else {              //初始化分割面板              let split = UISplitViewController ()              //设置分割面板的2个视图控制器              split.viewControllers = [nav, detail]                        //分割面板作为window的主视图加载              self .window!.rootViewController = split          }                    return true      }        func applicationWillResignActive(application: UIApplication ) {      }        func applicationDidEnterBackground(application: UIApplication ) {      }        func applicationWillEnterForeground(application: UIApplication ) {      }        func applicationDidBecomeActive(application: UIApplication ) {      }        func applicationWillTerminate(application: UIApplication ) {      } }

--- MasterViewController.swift 列表页 ---

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import UIKit   class MasterViewController : UIViewController , UITableViewDelegate , UITableViewDataSource {            // 表格加载      var tableView: UITableView ?      // 控件类型      var ctrls = [ "UILabel" , "UIButton" , "UIImageView" , "UISlider" ]      //      var detailViewController: DetailViewController ?            override func viewDidLoad() {          super .viewDidLoad()          // Do any additional setup after loading the view, typically from a nib.                    self .title = "Swift控件演示"          self .tableView = UITableView (frame: self .view.frame, style: UITableViewStyle . Plain )          self .tableView!.delegate = self          self .tableView!.dataSource = self          self .tableView!.registerClass( UITableViewCell . self , forCellReuseIdentifier: "SwiftCell" )          self .view.addSubview( self .tableView!)      }            override func didReceiveMemoryWarning() {          super .didReceiveMemoryWarning()          // Dispose of any resources that can be recreated.      }            // UITableViewDataSource协议方法      func tableView(tableView: UITableView , numberOfRowsInSection section: Int ) -> Int      {          return self .ctrls.count      }            // UITableViewDataSource协议方法      func tableView(tableView: UITableView , cellForRowAtIndexPath indexPath: NSIndexPath )          -> UITableViewCell      {          let cell = tableView.dequeueReusableCellWithIdentifier( "SwiftCell" ,              forIndexPath: indexPath) as ! UITableViewCell          cell.accessoryType = UITableViewCellAccessoryType . DisclosureIndicator          cell.textLabel?.text = self .ctrls[indexPath.row]                    return cell      }            // UITableViewDelegate协议方法，点击时调用      func tableView(tableView: UITableView , didSelectRowAtIndexPath indexPath: NSIndexPath )      {          //调用DetailViewController的方法更新详细页          detailViewController!.loadControl( self .ctrls[indexPath.row])                    //如果是iPhone、iPod则导航到详情页          if ( UIDevice .currentDevice().userInterfaceIdiom == . Phone ) {              // 跳转到detailViewController，取消选中状态              //self.tableView!.deselectRowAtIndexPath(indexPath, animated: true)                        // navigationController跳转到detailViewController              self .navigationController!.pushViewController(detailViewController!, animated: true )          }      } }

--- DetailViewController.swift 详情页 ---

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import UIKit   class DetailViewController : UIViewController {            override func viewDidLoad() {          super .viewDidLoad()          // Do any additional setup after loading the view, typically from a nib.                    self .view.backgroundColor = UIColor .whiteColor()          let ctrl = self .title != nil ? self .title! : ""          loadControl(ctrl)      }            override func didReceiveMemoryWarning() {          super .didReceiveMemoryWarning()          // Dispose of any resources that can be recreated.      }            func loadControl(ctrl: String ) {          clearViews()          switch (ctrl) {          case "UILabel" :              var label = UILabel (frame: self .view.bounds)              label.backgroundColor = UIColor .clearColor()              label.textAlignment = NSTextAlignment . Center              label.font = UIFont .systemFontOfSize(36)              label.text = "Hello, Hangge.com"              self .view.addSubview(label)          case "UIButton" :              var button = UIButton (frame: CGRectMake (110,120,100,60))              button.backgroundColor = UIColor .blueColor()              button.setTitleColor( UIColor .redColor(), forState: UIControlState . Normal )              button.setTitleColor( UIColor .whiteColor(), forState: UIControlState . Highlighted )              button.setTitle( "点击我" , forState: . Normal )              self .view.addSubview(button)          default :              println ( "clicked: \(ctrl)" )          }      }            func clearViews() {          for v in self .view.subviews {              v.removeFromSuperview()          }      }    }

（注意：项目直接新建一个Master-Detail Application，就已经具有同上述一样的兼容iPhone、iPad的二级导航功能）