mongodb-地理坐标存储查询

mongodb可支持空间地理搜索: 

查询器

$geoWithin    　　　Selects geometries within a bounding GeoJSON geometry. The 2dsphere and 2d indexes support $geoWithin. replaces $within which is deprecated.
$geoIntersects     Selects geometries that intersect with a GeoJSON geometry. The 2dsphere index supports $geoIntersects.
$near    　　　　　　Returns geospatial objects in proximity to a point. Requires a geospatial index. The 2dsphere and 2d indexes support $near.
$nearSphere    　　 Returns geospatial objects in proximity to a point on a sphere. Requires a geospatial index. The 2dsphere and 2d indexes support $nearSphere.

查询参数: 

$geometry	Specifies a geometry in GeoJSON format to geospatial query operators.
$minDistance	Specifies a minimum distance to limit the results of $near and $nearSphere queries. For use with 2dsphere index only.
$maxDistance	Specifies a maximum distance to limit the results of $near and $nearSphere queries. The 2dsphereand 2d indexes support $maxDistance.
$center	Specifies a circle using legacy coordinate pairs to $geoWithin queries when using planar geometry. The 2d index supports $center.
$centerSphere	Specifies a circle using either legacy coordinate pairs or GeoJSON format for $geoWithin queries when using spherical geometry. The 2dsphere and 2d indexes support $centerSphere.
$box	Specifies a rectangular box using legacy coordinate pairs for $geoWithin queries. The 2d index supports $box.
$polygon	Specifies a polygon to using legacy coordinate pairs for $geoWithin queries. The 2d index supports$center.
$uniqueDocs	Deprecated. Modifies a $geoWithin and $near queries to ensure that even if a document matches the query multiple times, the query returns the document once.

1, geoWithIn查询, 替代以前的wihin查询, 查询多边形范围内的点

db.places.find(
   {
     loc: {
       $geoWithin: {
          $geometry: {
             type : "Polygon" ,
             coordinates: [ [ [ 0, 0 ], [ 3, 6 ], [ 6, 1 ], [ 0, 0 ] ] ]
          }
       }
     }
   }
)

对于大于单个半球的查询, 需要加入crs

db.places.find(
   {
     loc: {
       $geoWithin: {
          $geometry: {
             type : "Polygon" ,
             coordinates: [
               [
                 [ -100, 60 ], [ -100, 0 ], [ -100, -60 ], [ 100, -60 ], [ 100, 60 ], [ -100, 60 ]
               ]
             ],
             crs: {
                type: "name",
                properties: { name: "urn:x-mongodb:crs:strictwinding:EPSG:4326" }
             }
          }
       }
     }
   }
)

2, geoIntersects, 图形查询, 交集

db.places.find(
   {
     loc: {
       $geoIntersects: {
          $geometry: {
             type: "Polygon" ,
             coordinates: [
               [ [ 0, 0 ], [ 3, 6 ], [ 6, 1 ], [ 0, 0 ] ]
             ]
          }
       }
     }
   }
)

查询大于半个半球的

db.places.find(
   {
     loc: {
       $geoIntersects: {
          $geometry: {
             type : "Polygon",
             coordinates: [
               [
                 [ -100, 60 ], [ -100, 0 ], [ -100, -60 ], [ 100, -60 ], [ 100, 60 ], [ -100, 60 ]
               ]
             ],
             crs: {
                type: "name",
                properties: { name: "urn:x-mongodb:crs:strictwinding:EPSG:4326" }
             }
          }
       }
     }
   }
)

3, $near, 由近道原返回文档的点, 经纬度罗列方式为 [ lng, lat ]

需要创建空间索引

2dsphere index if specifying a GeoJSON point,
2d index if specifying a point using legacy coordinates.

db.places.ensureIndex( { loc : "2d" } )     //应该是固定格式  

 

db.places.find(
   {
     location:
       { $near :
          {
            $geometry: { type: "Point",  coordinates: [ -73.9667, 40.78 ] },
            $minDistance: 1000,
            $maxDistance: 5000
          }
       }
   }
)

使用传统坐标查询: 

db.legacy2d.find(
   { location : { $near : [ -73.9667, 40.78 ], $maxDistance: 0.10 } }
)

4, $nearSphere, 空间距离查询

同样需要建立空间索引

2dsphere index for location data defined as GeoJSON points
2d index for location data defined as legacy coordinate pairs. To use a 2d index on GeoJSON points, create the index on the coordinates field of the GeoJSON object.

 

db.places.find(
   {
     location: {
        $nearSphere: {
           $geometry: {
              type : "Point",
              coordinates : [ -73.9667, 40.78 ]
           },
           $minDistance: 1000,
           $maxDistance: 5000
        }
     }
   }
)

 

最大距离内查询: 

db.places.find( {
   loc: { $near: [ -74 , 40 ],  $maxDistance: 10 }
} )

5, $center查询, 圆形查询

db.places.find(
   { loc: { $geoWithin: { $center: [ [-74, 40.74], 10 ] } } }
)

6, $centerSphere 查询, 球星查询

db.places.find( {
  loc: { $geoWithin: { $centerSphere: [ [ -88, 30 ], 10/3963.2 ] } }
} )

7, $box查询, 先精度后纬度, first lower then upper

db.places.find( {
   loc: { $geoWithin: { $box:  [ [ 0, 0 ], [ 100, 100 ] ] } }
} )

8, $polygon, 多边形查询

db.places.find(
  {
     loc: {
       $geoWithin: { $polygon: [ [ 0 , 0 ], [ 3 , 6 ], [ 6 , 0 ] ] }
     }
  }
)

 

mongodb的空间位置查询

我是勤劳的搬运工: -> https://docs.mongodb.com/manual/reference/operator/query-geospatial/