锁 = 一堵墙
ReentrantLock:
private Lock lock = new ReentrantLock();
public void method1(){
try {
// 上锁
lock.lock();
System.out.println("当前线程:" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + "进入method1..");
Thread.sleep(1000);
System.out.println("当前线程:" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + "退出method1..");
Thread.sleep(1000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
// 一定要解锁在finnally
lock.unlock();
}
}
public void method2(){
try {
lock.lock();
System.out.println("当前线程:" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + "进入method2..");
Thread.sleep(2000);
System.out.println("当前线程:" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + "退出method2..");
Thread.sleep(1000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
lock.unlock();
}
}
// 主方法
public static void main(String[] args) {
final UseReentrantLock ur = new UseReentrantLock();
Thread t1 = new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
// method1执行 method2就不能执行,因为上了锁,即使是多线程。
ur.method1();
ur.method2();
}
}, "t1");
t1.start();
try {
Thread.sleep(10);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
//System.out.println(ur.lock.getQueueLength());
}
之前讲过 wait 和 notify必须配合syncronised 一起用才可以。 那么在reentrantlock这里就用Condition来代替。
private Lock lock = new ReentrantLock();
private Condition condition = lock.newCondition();
public void method1(){
try {
lock.lock();
System.out.println("当前线程:" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + "进入等待状态..");
Thread.sleep(3000);
System.out.println("当前线程:" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + "释放锁..");
condition.await(); // Object wait,是释放锁
System.out.println("当前线程:" + Thread.currentThread().getName() +"继续执行...");
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
lock.unlock();
}
}
public void method2(){
try {
lock.lock();
System.out.println("当前线程:" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + "进入..");
Thread.sleep(3000);
System.out.println("当前线程:" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + "发出唤醒..");
condition.signal(); //=Object notify,不释放锁,所以他继续往下走,同事method1也继续走
System.out.print("继续")
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
lock.unlock();
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
final UseCondition uc = new UseCondition();
Thread t1 = new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
uc.method1();
}
}, "t1");
Thread t2 = new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
uc.method2();
}
}, "t2");
t1.start();
t2.start();
一个lock可以创建many condition. 然后可以用signalAll()唤醒其他线程。
Lock lock = new ReentrantLock(boolean isfair)
fair lock : fist in , first lock . 默认是nonfair ,效率高。
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ReentrantReadWriteLock : 在读多写少的情况下使用,读读共享,写写互斥,读写互斥。
private ReentrantReadWriteLock rwLock = new ReentrantReadWriteLock();
private ReadLock readLock = rwLock.readLock();
private WriteLock writeLock = rwLock.writeLock();
public void read(){
try {
readLock.lock();
System.out.println("当前线程:" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + "进入...");
Thread.sleep(3000);
System.out.println("当前线程:" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + "退出...");
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
readLock.unlock();
}
}
public void write(){
try {
writeLock.lock(); // 比如 持久化操作
System.out.println("当前线程:" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + "进入...");
Thread.sleep(3000);
System.out.println("当前线程:" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + "退出...");
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
writeLock.unlock();
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
final UseReentrantReadWriteLock urrw = new UseReentrantReadWriteLock();
Thread t1 = new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
urrw.read();
}
}, "t1");
Thread t2 = new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
urrw.read();
}
}, "t2");
Thread t3 = new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
urrw.write();
}
}, "t3");
Thread t4 = new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
urrw.write();
}
}, "t4");
// t1.start(); // 读读操作 t1 t2同事进入开始
// t2.start();
// t1.start(); // R
// t3.start(); // W // 读写互斥,t1 开始,t3不能动,只有t1完成 t3才自动运行开始写
t3.start();
t4.start(); // 写写也互斥
分布式锁自己手动实现很难:两台机器两个JVM不同步,要用zookeeper去实现分布式锁。