一、登录MySQL查看用SHOW VARIABLES LIKE ‘character%’;下字符集，显示如下：

+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client | utf8 |
| character_set_connection | utf8 |
| character_set_database | latin1 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | utf8 |
| character_set_server | latin1 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+

character_set_database和character_set_server的默认字符集还是latin1。

二、最简单的完美修改方法，修改mysql的my.cnf文件中的字符集键值（注意配置的字段细节）：

1、在[client]字段里加入default-character-set=utf8，如下：

[client]
port = 3306
socket = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
default-character-set=utf8

2、在[mysqld]字段里加入character-set-server=utf8，如下：

[mysqld]
port = 3306
socket = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
character-set-server=utf8

3、在[mysql]字段里加入default-character-set=utf8，如下：

[mysql]
no-auto-rehash
default-character-set=utf8

修改完成后，service mysql restart重启mysql服务就生效。注意：[mysqld]字段与[mysql]字段是有区别的。这点在网上没人反馈过。

使用SHOW VARIABLES LIKE ‘character%’;查看，发现数据库编码全已改成utf8。

+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client | utf8 |
| character_set_connection | utf8 |
| character_set_database | utf8 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | utf8 |
| character_set_server | utf8 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+