ContextLoaderListener初始化

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ContextLoaderListener初始化了webapp的root context（应用根上下文），过程如下

ContextLoaderListener继承了ContextLoader，主要方法如下

private WebApplicationContext  context;
public WebApplicationContext initWebApplicationContext(ServletContext servletContext) {
    //判断是否已经有根上下文，如果已经有了，报错，否则，创建根上下文
    if(servletContext.getAttribute(WebApplicationContext.ROOT_WEB_APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE) != null) {
        throw new IllegalStateException("Cannot initialize context because there is already a root application context present - check whether you have multiple ContextLoader* definitions in your web.xml!");
    } else {
        //开始创建根上下文
        try {
            if(this.context == null) {
                //创建根上下文
                this.context = this.createWebApplicationContext(servletContext);
            }

            if(this.context instanceof ConfigurableWebApplicationContext) {
                ConfigurableWebApplicationContext err = (ConfigurableWebApplicationContext)this.context;
                if(!err.isActive()) {
                    if(err.getParent() == null) {
                        ApplicationContext elapsedTime = this.loadParentContext(servletContext);
                        err.setParent(elapsedTime);
                    }
                    // 给上下文设置各种属性
                    // 给上下文设置id
                    // 给上下文设置配置文件的路径（applicationcontext.xml类似）
                    // 通过refresh方法设置beanfactory？这里不是太清楚
                    this.configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(err, servletContext);
                }
            }
            //创建好的根上下文放到servletContext里，整个webapp只有一个servletContext
            //servletContext是ServletConfig的一个成员变量
            servletContext.setAttribute(WebApplicationContext.ROOT_WEB_APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE, this.context);
            ClassLoader err1 = Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader();
            if(err1 == ContextLoader.class.getClassLoader()) {
                currentContext = this.context;
            } else if(err1 != null) {
                currentContextPerThread.put(err1, this.context);
            }
            return this.context;
        } catch (RuntimeException var8) {
  
        }
    }
}

protected WebApplicationContext createWebApplicationContext(ServletContext sc) {
    //获取上下文类型，只能为ConfigurableWebApplicationContext类型的
    Class contextClass = this.determineContextClass(sc);
    if(!ConfigurableWebApplicationContext.class.isAssignableFrom(contextClass)) {
        throw new ApplicationContextException("Custom context class [" + contextClass.getName() + "] is not of type [" + ConfigurableWebApplicationContext.class.getName() + "]");
    } else {
        //如果类型正确，实例化并返回
        return (ConfigurableWebApplicationContext)BeanUtils.instantiateClass(contextClass);
    }
}

protected Class<?> determineContextClass(ServletContext servletContext) {
    //首先，看在web.xml中有没有配置我们自己的上下文类型，很明显，我们没有，此处为null
    String contextClassName = servletContext.getInitParameter("contextClass");
    if(contextClassName != null) {
        try {
            return ClassUtils.forName(contextClassName, ClassUtils.getDefaultClassLoader());
        } catch (ClassNotFoundException var4) {
            throw new ApplicationContextException("Failed to load custom context class [" + contextClassName + "]", var4);
        }
    } else {
        //由于我们自己没有配置，spring加载自己的默认类型（XmlWebApplicaionContext.java）
        contextClassName = defaultStrategies.getProperty(WebApplicationContext.class.getName());

        try {
            return ClassUtils.forName(contextClassName, ContextLoader.class.getClassLoader());
        } catch (ClassNotFoundException var5) {
            throw new ApplicationContextException("Failed to load default context class [" + contextClassName + "]", var5);
        }
    }
}

//这个是默认类型
static {
    try {
        ClassPathResource ex = new ClassPathResource("ContextLoader.properties", ContextLoader.class);
        defaultStrategies = PropertiesLoaderUtils.loadProperties(ex);
    } catch (IOException var1) {
        throw new IllegalStateException("Could not load \'ContextLoader.properties\': " + var1.getMessage());
    }

    currentContextPerThread = new ConcurrentHashMap(1);
}

ContextLoader.properties文件内容如下

org.springframework.web.context.WebApplicationContext=
org.springframework.web.context.support.XmlWebApplicationContext

XmlWebApplicationContext是web应用中定制的getBean的方法

ServletContext servletContext = request.getSession().getServletContext();
WebApplicationContext was = WebApplicationContextUtils.getWebApplicationContext(servletContext);
User user = (User)was.getBean("user");

其余两种方法为：

ApplicationContext ctx =

new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext( "G:/Test/applicationcontext.xml ");

或

ApplicationContext ctx =

new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext( "/applicationcontext.xml ");

 

最后一句话：一个请求一个request，一个用户一个session，一个应用一个ServletContext

ServletContext中可以存储共享的数据，因为它的生命周期很长，从应用启动直到消亡。所以里面不要存大的数据，会很占内存

ServletContext对象是由容器创建的，也就是tomcat

和request一样，ServletContext也有setAttribute以及getAttribute和removeAttribute方法

通过ServletContext，我们也可以在servlet之间传递信息，也可以读取web.xml中的初始化参数context-param，如web.xml中context-param如下

<context-param>
    <param-name>log4jConfigLocation</param-name>
    <param-value>classpath:${env}-conf/log4j.properties</param-value>
  </context-param>
  <context-param>
    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
    <param-value>classpath:spring.xml</param-value>
<!--     <param-value>classpath:spring-mybatis.xml</param-value> -->
  </context-param>
  <context-param>
    <param-name>webAppRootKey</param-name>
    <param-value>ott-vms-admin.root</param-value>
  </context-param>

ServletContext servletContext = request.getSession().getServletContext();
String value = (String)servletContext.getInitParameter("contextConfigLocation");

 

转载于:https://my.oschina.net/u/3410701/blog/1542775