有华为2300、5700系列，H3C 3100、5120、5500系列交换，还有神州数码4500的交换机，需进行批量备份，各交换机有两种密码，不是passwd1就是passwd2,利用linux shell和expect写了个脚本，交换机在不同网段，先进行批量ping扫描ip地址再进备份，备份时先进行保存再tftp上传。

安装expect见http://hiid365.blog.51cto.com/3142060/1350800

#!/bin/bash
TFTP=$1
PASSWD1=$2
PASSWD2=$3
IP=$4
if [ "$#" -ne 4 ];then
    echo "for example:./backup.sh tftp_ip 'passwd1' 'passwd2' 10.255.251"
fi
if [ -f ./$IP.xx ];then
    rm -f $IP.xx
fi
if [ -f ./$IP_error ];then
    rm -f $IP.error
fi
echo "******************Scanning Start******************"
for n in {2..254}
do
        host=$IP.$n
        ping -W 1 -c 1 $host &> /dev/null
        if [ "$?" -eq 0 ];then
                 echo "$host is up" && echo "$host">>$IP.xx
        else
                echo "$host is down"
        fi
done
echo "******************The scan is complete******************"
sleep 3
echo "******************Start backup******************"
echo "You can click Ctrl+C skip when backup failed!!!"
sleep 5
while read SWIP;do
    ./back.exp $TFTP $PASSWD1 $PASSWD2 $SWIP
    if [ "$?" -ne 0 ];then
        echo "$SWIP" >>$IP.error
    fi
done<$IP.xx
echo "*******************Backup Complete*********************"
echo "==========The following IP backup failed=========="
if [ -f ./$IP.error ];then
        cat $IP.error
fi
echo "=================================================="


expect代码关键：

#!/usr/sbin/expect
set timeout 35
set TFTP [lindex $argv 0]
set PASSWD1 [ lindex $argv 1]
set PASSWD2 [ lindex $argv 2]
set IP [lindex $argv 3]
set done 0
spawn telnet $IP
expect {
    "Password:" {
        send "$PASSWD1\r"
        expect ">" {send "display version\r"}
        }
    "login:" {
        set done 1
        send "admin\r"
        expect "Password:" {send "$PASSWD1\r"}
        expect "#" {send "write\r"}
        expect "Y/N" {send "y\r"}
        expect "successful" {send "copy startup.cfg tftp://$TFTP/$IP.cfg\r"}
        expect "Y/N" {send "y\r"}
        expect "close" {send "quit\r"}
         }
    }
if {$done==1} {
    exit 0
} else {
expect {
    "Error:" {send "$PASSWD2\r";expect ">" {send "display version\r"}}
    "Wrong" {send "$PASSWD2\r";expect ">" {send "display version\r"}}
    ">"  {send "display version\r"}
    }
expect {
    "S2300" {
        send "save\r"
        expect "Y/N" {send "y\r"}
        expect "successfully" {send "tftp $TFTP put vrpcfg.zip $IP.zip\r"}
        expect {
            "successfully." {send "quit\r"}
            "Error:" {exit 1}
            }
        }
    "S5700" {
        send "save\r"
        expect "Y/N" {send "y\r"}
                expect "successfully" {send "tftp $TFTP put vrpcfg.zip $IP.zip\r"}
                expect {
            "successfully." {send "quit\r"}
            "Error:"    {exit 1}
            }
        }
                                                                                                                                                                                                    
    "S5120" {
        send "save\r"
        expect "Y/N" {send "y\r"}
        expect "key):" {send "\r"}
        expect "Y/N" {send "y\r"}
        expect "successfully" {send "tftp $TFTP put startup.cfg $IP.cfg\r"}
        expect {
            "successfully." {send "quit\r"}
            "Error:"    {exit 1}
            }
        }
    "S5500" {
        send "save\r"
        expect "Y/N" {send "y\r"}
        expect "key):" {send "\r"}
        expect "Y/N" {send "y\r"}
        expect "successfully." {send "tftp $TFTP put startup.cfg $IP.cfg\r"}
        expect {
            "successfully." {send "quit\r"}
            "Error:"    {exit 1}
            }
        }
    "S3100" {
        send "save\r"
        expect "Y/N" {send "y\r"}
        expect "key):" {send "\r"}
        expect "successfully." {send "tftp $TFTP put config.cfg $IP.cfg\r"}
        expect {
            "successfully." {send "quit\r"}
            "Unable"    {exit 1}
        }
        }
    }
#expect "
#expect "Y/N" interact
expect eof
}

在终端运行

#./back.sh tftp服务器ip地址 'passwd1' 'passwd2' 需要备份的网段(如192.168.1)


例外一种同种型号交换机批量备份的shell脚本


#!/bin/bash
TFTP=$1
PASSWD=$2
while read swip;do
    (
        echo $PASSWD;
        echo "save";
        echo "y";
        sleep 18;
        echo "tftp $TFTP put vrpcfg.zip $swip.zip";
        sleep 5;
        echo "quit";
        sleep 1;
    )| telnet $swip
done<$3

终端执行

#./back.sh tftp_ip地址 ‘密码’ ip备份表