实验拓扑：
 
试验要求：R4 R2 R3通过R1-FR相连，形成hub and spoke网络拓扑，R1为模拟帧中继交换机，R4为hub路由器，R2 R3 为spoke路由器，R4 R3 R2采用点对多点接口。全部用物理接口并全起OSPF。<?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" />

实验目的：接口静态映射、点到多点模式特征、配置和调试。

 

一、帧中继交换机配置

 
在R1上进行如下配置
hostname FRS
frame-relay switching

 

interface Serial1/0
 no ip address
 encapsulation frame-relay            ------接口封装为帧中继
clock rate 2016000                        ------配置时钟
 frame-relay intf-type dce
 frame-relay route 201 interface Serial1/3 102      ----路由设置

 

interface Serial1/2
 no ip address
 encapsulation frame-relay
 no ip route-cache
clock rate 2016000
 frame-relay intf-type dce
 frame-relay route 301 interface Serial1/3 103

 

interface Serial1/3
 no ip address
 encapsulation frame-relay
 no ip route-cache
clock rate 2016000
 frame-relay intf-type dce
 frame-relay route 102 interface Serial1/0 201
 frame-relay route 103 interface Serial1/2 301

 

二、远程路由器上的配置

 
R4配置：

 
hostname HQ
interface Loopback1
 ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
 ip ospf network point-to-point
interface Serial1/3
 ip address 10.1.123.1 255.255.255.0
 encapsulation frame-relay
 ip ospf network point-to-multipoint     ----- the default network type is non-broadcast
frame-relay map ip 10.1.123.1 102     ----使得可以Ping通自己
 frame-relay map ip 10.1.123.2 102 broadcast     ----帧中继静态映射
 frame-relay map ip 10.1.123.3 103 broadcast
 no frame-relay inverse-arp                    ----关闭动态ARP映射
!         
router ospf 1      
 log-adjacency-changes
 network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
 network 10.1.123.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
--------------------------------------------------------------
R2配置：

hostname EAST
interface Loopback2
 ip address 10.1.2.1 255.255.255.0
 ip ospf network point-to-point
interface Serial1/0
 ip address 10.1.123.2 255.255.255.0
 encapsulation frame-relay
 ip ospf network point-to-multipoint      -----/指明为点到多点模式。注：如此设为ip ospf nei broadcast则为BMA模式/
frame-relay map ip 10.1.123.1 201 broadcast
 frame-relay map ip 10.1.123.2 201
 frame-relay map ip 10.1.123.3 201 broadcast
 no frame-relay inverse-arp
interface Serial1/1
 ip address 10.1.23.2 255.255.255.0

 

router ospf 1
network 10.1.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
 network 10.1.23.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
 network 10.1.123.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
--------------------------------------------------------------
R3配置：

hostname WEST
interface Loopback3
 ip address 10.1.3.1 255.255.255.0
 ip ospf network point-to-point
interface Serial1/1
 ip address 10.1.23.3 255.255.255.0
interface Serial1/2
 ip address 10.1.123.3 255.255.255.0
 encapsulation frame-relay
 ip ospf network point-to-multipoint
frame-relay map ip 10.1.123.1 301 broadcast
 frame-relay map ip 10.1.123.2 301 broadcast
 frame-relay map ip 10.1.123.3 301
 no frame-relay inverse-arp

 

router ospf 1
network 10.1.3.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
 network 10.1.23.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
 network 10.1.123.0 0.0.0.255 area 0

 

三、调试

 
HQ#sh ip route     ----查看路由表，O代表通过OSPF学到
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
     10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 7 subnets, 2 masks
O       10.1.3.0/24 [110/65] via 10.1.123.3, 00:00:28, Serial1/3
O       10.1.2.0/24 [110/65] via 10.1.123.2, 00:00:28, Serial1/3
C       10.1.1.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback1
O       10.1.23.0/24 [110/128] via 10.1.123.3, 00:00:28, Serial1/3
                     [110/128] via 10.1.123.2, 00:00:28, Serial1/3
C       10.1.123.0/24 is directly connected, Serial1/3
O       10.1.123.2/32 [110/64] via 10.1.123.2, 00:00:28, Serial1/3
O       10.1.123.3/32 [110/64] via 10.1.123.3, 00:00:28, Serial1/3
 
HQ#sh ip ospf int s1/3      -----查看接口
Serial1/3 is up, line protocol is up
  Internet Address 10.1.123.1/24, Area 0
  Process ID 1, Router ID 10.1.1.1, Network Type POINT_TO_MULTIPOINT, Cost: 64
  Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State POINT_TO_MULTIPOINT         ----点到多点
  Timer intervals configured, Hello 30, Dead 120, Wait 120, Retransmit 5
    oob-resync timeout 120
    Hello due in 00:00:15
  ……
  Neighbor Count is 2, Adjacent neighbor count is 2
    Adjacent with neighbor 10.1.2.1
    Adjacent with neighbor 10.1.3.1
  Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)
 
HQ#sh ip ospf data
            OSPF Router with ID (10.1.1.1) (Process ID 1)
                Router Link States (Area 0)
Link ID         ADV Router      Age         Seq#       Checksum Link count
10.1.1.1        10.1.1.1        146         0x80000003 0x007039 4
10.1.2.1        10.1.2.1        147         0x80000005 0x00E2B1 5
10.1.3.1        10.1.3.1        146         0x80000007 0x002F5E 5
HQ#sh ip ospf nei       -----查看邻居关系，可见没有DR和BDR关系存在
Neighbor ID     Pri   State           Dead Time   Address         Interface
10.1.2.1          0   FULL/  -        00:01:58    10.1.123.2      Serial1/3
10.1.3.1          0   FULL/  -        00:01:57    10.1.123.3      Serial1/3
 
AST#sh ip ospf data
            OSPF Router with ID (10.1.2.1) (Process ID 1)
                Router Link States (Area 0)
Link ID         ADV Router      Age         Seq#       Checksum Link count
10.1.1.1        10.1.1.1        191         0x80000003 0x007039 4
10.1.2.1        10.1.2.1        189         0x80000005 0x00E2B1 5
10.1.3.1        10.1.3.1        191         0x80000007 0x002F5E 5
 
EAST#sh ip ospf nei
Neighbor ID     Pri   State           Dead Time   Address         Interface
10.1.1.1          0   FULL/  -        00:01:57    10.1.123.1      Serial1/0
10.1.3.1          0   FULL/  -        00:00:10    10.1.23.3       Serial1/1
 
实验总结：在采用点对多点接口的时候OSPF路由协议的配置，帧中继接口在同一子网，并且邻居关系是自动建立，无需手动指定邻居，无DR/BDR选举，默认的HELLO时间间隔为30秒，等待时间和死亡时间为HELLO时间间隔的4倍，120秒。