/proc/cpuinfo has the info you need to identify the number of processors, cores and threads.

To get the total number of processors/cpu cores:

grep -c processor /proc/cpuinfo

Total number of physical cpus:

grep "physical id" /proc/cpuinfo | sort -u | wc -l

Number of cores per cpu:

grep "cores" /proc/cpuinfo | sort -u

To check if hyperthreading is enabled:

grep "cores\|siblings" /proc/cpuinfo | sort -u