android6.0权限动态管理

普通权限和危险权限

1.危险权限(需要在manifiest里面申明，并且动态申请的权限)

 <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_CONTACTS"/>    <!--读写联系人权限-->
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE"/> <!--有关电话的权限 比如打电话，获取电话信息等-->
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_CALENDAR"/>   <!--读，写日历权限-->
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CAMERA"/>         <!-- 相机权限 -->
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION"/> <!--位置权限，有获取粗糙和精准位置的权限-->
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/> <!--读，写存储区的权限 -->
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BODY_SENSORS"/>      <!-- 传感器权限  -->
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECORD_AUDIO"/>     <!--麦克风的自动记录的权限-->
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_SMS"/>   <!--读，写，发送短信等权限  -->

这9大类权限都是需要动态申请的。

2.普通权限(只需要在manifiest里面申请，不需要动态申请)

 android.permission.ACCESS_LOCATION_EXTRA_COMMANDS
  android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE
  android.permission.ACCESS_NOTIFICATION_POLICY
  android.permission.ACCESS_WIFI_STATE
  android.permission.ACCESS_WIMAX_STATE
  android.permission.BLUETOOTH
  android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN
  android.permission.BROADCAST_STICKY
  android.permission.CHANGE_NETWORK_STATE
  android.permission.CHANGE_WIFI_MULTICAST_STATE
  android.permission.CHANGE_WIFI_STATE
  android.permission.CHANGE_WIMAX_STATE
  android.permission.DISABLE_KEYGUARD
  android.permission.EXPAND_STATUS_BAR
  android.permission.FLASHLIGHT
  android.permission.GET_ACCOUNTS
  android.permission.GET_PACKAGE_SIZE
  android.permission.INTERNET
  android.permission.KILL_BACKGROUND_PROCESSES
  android.permission.MODIFY_AUDIO_SETTINGS
  android.permission.NFC
  android.permission.READ_SYNC_SETTINGS
  android.permission.READ_SYNC_STATS
  android.permission.RECEIVE_BOOT_COMPLETED
  android.permission.REORDER_TASKS
  android.permission.REQUEST_INSTALL_PACKAGES
  android.permission.SET_TIME_ZONE
  android.permission.SET_WALLPAPER
  android.permission.SET_WALLPAPER_HINTS
  android.permission.SUBSCRIBED_FEEDS_READ
  android.permission.TRANSMIT_IR
  android.permission.USE_FINGERPRINT
  android.permission.VIBRATE
  android.permission.WAKE_LOCK
  android.permission.WRITE_SYNC_SETTINGS
  com.android.alarm.permission.SET_ALARM
  com.android.launcher.permission.INSTALL_SHORTCUT
  com.android.launcher.permission.UNINSTALL_SHORTCUT

Android6.0动态申请涉及的方法

1.检查权限

   /**
     *
     * @param permission 你需要被检查权限的名字
     *
     * @return PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED 代表已经拥有这个权限了
     *         PackageManager#PERMISSION_DENIED  代表没有拥有这个权限
     */
    public static int checkSelfPermission(@NonNull Context context, @NonNull String permission)

实际用法：

 private  boolean checkSelfPermission(){
        boolean isRequestPermission = true; //代表所有权限是否已经被申请了
        for(int i=0;i<NEED_PERMISSIONS.length;i++){
            if(ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this,NEED_PERMISSIONS[i])!= PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED){
              requestPermissions.add(NEED_PERMISSIONS[i]);
              isRequestPermission = false;
            }
        }
        return isRequestPermission;
    }

2.申请权限:

ActivityCompat.requestPermisssion(Activity  activity,String[] permissions.int requestCode) 该方法就可以动态申请权限，requestCode：用来判断返回结果时候的值

  private void requestPermission(){
        if(requestPermissions!=null&&requestPermissions.size()>0){
            for (int i = 0; i < requestPermissions.size(); i++) {
                ActivityCompat.requestPermissions
                        (this,requestPermissions.toArray(new String[requestPermissions.size()]),REQUEST_CODE);
            }
        }
    }

3.权限的结果:重写onRequestPermissionsResult（）方法

  /**
     *
     * @param requestCode
     * @param permissions 申请的权限
     * @param grantResults 权限的结果的值.
     *        PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED:权限申请成功
     *        PackageManager.PERMISSION_DENIED :权限申请失败
     */
    @Override
    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
        switch (requestCode){
            case REQUEST_CODE:
                for (int i = 0; i < grantResults.length; i++) {
                    if(grantResults[i]==PackageManager.PERMISSION_DENIED){
                        finish();
                    }
                }
                break;
        }
    }

4.解释权限：

  应用场景:

1.用户第一次点击应用拒绝了权限

2.用户第二次点击应用，点击拒绝权限并且点击了不再询问的按钮

3.这时候用户在点开应用的时候，会直接拒绝了权限。这会导致用户体验所以android在这种情况下设置了解释权限的方法

方法的解释：

  ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(activity,permission); 

  返回的结果值:  1.当用户拒绝过该权限并且的时候，返回

代码实现的场景，就在上面应用场景的时候，用户在点开应用我们可以弹出对话框，让用户去设置中打开权限

 /**
     *
     * @param requestCode
     * @param permissions 申请的权限
     * @param grantResults 权限的结果的值.
     *        PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED:权限申请成功
     *        PackageManager.PERMISSION_DENIED :权限申请失败
     */
    @Override
    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
        switch (requestCode){
            case REQUEST_CODE:
                boolean isRefuse = true ;  //是否点击了不再提示的按钮
                boolean isPass = true;
                for (int i = 0; i < permissions.length; i++){
                    if(ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(this,permissions[i])){
                        isRefuse   =  false;
                    }
                    if(grantResults[i]==PackageManager.PERMISSION_DENIED) {
                        isPass = false;
                    }
                }
                if(!isPass&&isRefuse){
                    AlertDialog dialog = new AlertDialog.Builder(this)
                            .setTitle("权限缺失")
                            .setMessage("需要前往设置中开启所需要的权限")
                            .setPositiveButton("设置", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                                @Override
                                public void onClick(DialogInterface dialogInterface, int i) {
                                    //前往该应用的设置中
                                    Intent intent = new Intent();
                                    intent.setAction(Settings.ACTION_APPLICATION_DETAILS_SETTINGS);
                                    intent.setData(Uri.fromParts("package",getPackageName(),null));
                                    try{
                                        startActivity(intent);
                                    }catch (Exception e){

                                    }
                                    finish();
                                }
                            }).setNegativeButton("取消", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                                @Override
                                public void onClick(DialogInterface dialogInterface, int i) {
                                    finish();
                                }
                            })
                            .create();
                    dialog.show();
                }else if(!isPass){
                    finish();
                }else{

                }
                break;
        }


    }

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/xiongbo753/p/10161306.html