如何在sqlite3中插入中文字符

2019独角兽企业重金招聘Python工程师标准>>>

使了一下sqlite3，如下：

#-*-encoding:utf-8-*-
import sqlite3

def create_tables(dbname):  
    conn = sqlite3.connect(dbname)
    cursor = conn.cursor()
    cursor.execute('''create table userinfo(name text, email text)''')
    conn.commit()
    cursor.close()
    conn.close()
    
def drop_tables(dbname):
    conn = sqlite3.connect(dbname)
    cursor = conn.cursor()
    cursor.execute('''drop table userinfo''')
    conn.commit()
    cursor.close()
    conn.close()

def insert():
    users = ('腾讯qq', 'qq@example.com')
    conn = sqlite3.connect(dbname)
    cursor = conn.cursor()
    cursor.execute("insert into userinfo(name, email) values(?, ?)", users)
    conn.commit()
    cursor.close()
    conn.close()
    
def select(text):
    conn = sqlite3.connect(dbname)
    cursor = conn.cursor()
    print "select name from userinfo where email='%s'" % text
    for row in cursor.execute("select name from userinfo where email= ? ", (text,)):
        print row[0]
        
if __name__ == '__main__':
    dbname = 'test.db'
    try:
        drop_tables(dbname)
    except:
        pass
    create_tables(dbname)
    insert()
    select("qq@example.com")
    drop_tables(dbname)

运行时出现下面的错误：

cursor.execute("insert into userinfo(name, email) values(?, ?)", users)
sqlite3.ProgrammingError: You must not use 8-bit bytestrings unless you use a text_factory that can interpret 8-bit bytestrings (like text_factory = str). It is highly recommended that you instead just switch your application to Unicode strings.

有两种方法解决：

第一种，设置text_factory = str

#-*-encoding:utf-8-*-

import sqlite3

def create_tables(dbname):  
    conn = sqlite3.connect(dbname)
    cursor = conn.cursor()
    cursor.execute('''create table userinfo(name text, email text)''')
    conn.commit()
    cursor.close()
    conn.close()
    
def drop_tables(dbname):
    conn = sqlite3.connect(dbname)
    cursor = conn.cursor()
    cursor.execute('''drop table userinfo''')
    conn.commit()
    cursor.close()
    conn.close()

def insert():
    users = ('腾讯qq', 'qq@example.com')
    conn = sqlite3.connect(dbname)
    conn.text_factory = str  ##!!!
    cursor = conn.cursor()
    cursor.execute("insert into userinfo(name, email) values(?, ?)", users)
    conn.commit()
    cursor.close()
    conn.close()
    
def select(text):
    conn = sqlite3.connect(dbname)
    cursor = conn.cursor()
    print "select name from userinfo where email='%s'" % text
    for row in cursor.execute("select name from userinfo where email= ? ", (text,)):
        print row[0]
        
if __name__ == '__main__':
    dbname = 'test.db'
    try:
        drop_tables(dbname)
    except:
        pass
    create_tables(dbname)
    insert()
    select("qq@example.com")
    drop_tables(dbname)

第二种，把插入的数据转换为unicode：

#-*-encoding:utf-8-*-

import sqlite3

def create_tables(dbname):  
    conn = sqlite3.connect(dbname)
    cursor = conn.cursor()
    cursor.execute('''create table userinfo(name text, email text)''')
    conn.commit()
    cursor.close()
    conn.close()
    
def drop_tables(dbname):
    conn = sqlite3.connect(dbname)
    cursor = conn.cursor()
    cursor.execute('''drop table userinfo''')
    conn.commit()
    cursor.close()
    conn.close()

def insert():
    users = ('腾讯qq'.decode('utf8'), 'qq@example.com')
    conn = sqlite3.connect(dbname)
    cursor = conn.cursor()
    cursor.execute("insert into userinfo(name, email) values(?, ?)", users)
    conn.commit()
    cursor.close()
    conn.close()
    
def select(text):
    conn = sqlite3.connect(dbname)
    cursor = conn.cursor()
    print "select name from userinfo where email='%s'" % text
    for row in cursor.execute("select name from userinfo where email= ? ", (text,)):
        print row[0].encode('utf8')
        
if __name__ == '__main__':
    dbname = 'test.db'
    try:
        drop_tables(dbname)
    except:
        pass
    create_tables(dbname)
    insert()
    select("qq@example.com")
    drop_tables(dbname)

转载于:https://my.oschina.net/letiantian/blog/217770