有点标题党了,最近因工作需要,想利用WCF的Duplex服务向Winform程序推送消息,写了个示例,主要参考了artech的相关文章和其他一些利用WCF向SilverLight客户端推送消息的文章。
先看运行效果:在网页中发送消息【如图】,Winform端接收到消息
先建立两个项目,一个WebForm 项目和一个WinForm项目,并在项目下建立好各自需要的文件
SendMessage.aspx 是发送消息的Web页面
ISendMessageService.cs 和 SendMessageService.svc用来实现WCF的Duplex服务
GetMessageForm.cs 是接收消息的Winform窗口
当然,还需要建立一个消息实体文件:MessageEntity.cs,为简单起见,只给他定义一个属性。
public class MessageEntity
{
[DataMember]
public string Content { get ; set ; }
}
基本原理是消息发送的页面将要发送的消息列表保存在全局缓存中,在WCF服务中取得要发送的消息推送
到Winform端,SendMessage.aspx的代码如下:
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protected void btnSend_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
MessageEntity message = new MessageEntity();
message.Content = txtMessageContent.Text;
List<MessageEntity> messageList = HttpRuntime.Cache["MessageEntityList"] as List<MessageEntity>;
if (messageList == null)
{
messageList = new List<MessageEntity>();
messageList.Add(message);
HttpRuntime.Cache.Add("MessageEntityList", messageList, null, System.Web.Caching.Cache.NoAbsoluteExpiration, System.Web.Caching.Cache.NoSlidingExpiration, System.Web.Caching.CacheItemPriority.Default, null);
}
else
{
messageList.Add(message);
HttpRuntime.Cache["MessageEntityList"] = messageList;
}
lbCacheCount.Text = messageList.Count.ToString();
}
ISendMessageService.cs 用来定义消息接收接口和回调接口
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[ServiceContract(CallbackContract = typeof(ISendMessageServiceCallBack))]
public interface ISendMessageService
{
[OperationContract(IsOneWay = true)]
void GetMessage();
}
public interface ISendMessageServiceCallBack
{
[OperationContract(IsOneWay = true)]
void ReceiveMessage(MessageEntity messageEntity);
}
SendMessageService.svc.cs 用来实现将缓存中的消息列表一个一个的推送出去,采用Timer类每2-5秒钟推送一次:
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[ServiceBehavior(ConcurrencyMode = ConcurrencyMode.Multiple)]
public class SendMessageService : ISendMessageService
{
ISendMessageServiceCallBack callback;
Timer heartTimer;
Random random = new Random();
#region ISendMessageService 成员
public void GetMessage()
{
callback = OperationContext.Current.GetCallbackChannel<ISendMessageServiceCallBack>();
heartTimer = new Timer(new TimerCallback(heartTimer_Elapsed), null, 3000, Timeout.Infinite);
}
#endregion
private void heartTimer_Elapsed(object data)
{
List<MessageEntity> messageList = HttpRuntime.Cache["MessageEntityList"] as List<MessageEntity>;
if (messageList != null && messageList.Count > 0)
{
MessageEntity message = messageList[0];
messageList.Remove(message);
HttpRuntime.Cache["MessageEntityList"] = messageList;
callback.ReceiveMessage(message);
}
int interval = random.Next(2000, 5000);
heartTimer.Change(interval, Timeout.Infinite);
}
}
记得修改Web.Config中EndPoint Binding 为wsDualHttpBinding ,这样才支持Duplex服务
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<service behaviorConfiguration="WebApp.SendMessageServiceBehavior" name="WebApp.SendMessageService">
<endpoint address="" binding="wsDualHttpBinding" contract="WebApp.ISendMessageService">
<identity>
<dns value="localhost"/>
</identity>
</endpoint>
<endpoint address="mex" binding="mexHttpBinding" contract="IMetadataExchange"/>
</service>
WebApp项目的工作已经完成,若没有错误可在浏览器中看到该WCF服务已创建,拷贝该服务的地址,例如在我本机上是:http://localhost:1407/SendMessageService.svc,并在WinApp项目中增加该服务的引用
GetMessageForm.cs 实现如下:
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public partial class GetMessageForm : Form,ISendMessageServiceCallback
{
SendMessageServiceClient client;
public GetMessageForm()
{
InitializeComponent();
client = new SendMessageServiceClient(new System.ServiceModel.InstanceContext(this));
}
private void btnStartGet_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
client.GetMessage();
}
private delegate void UpdateListBoxDelegate(string Message);
private void UpdateListBox(string message)
{
this.listbMessage.Items.Add(message);
listbMessage.SelectedIndex = listbMessage.Items.Count - 1;
}
#region ISendMessageServiceCallback 成员
public void ReceiveMessage(MessageEntity messageEntity)
{
if (true == listbMessage.InvokeRequired)
{
listbMessage.Invoke(new UpdateListBoxDelegate(UpdateListBox), messageEntity.Content);
}
else
{
UpdateListBox(messageEntity.Content);
}
}
#endregion
}