这里简单介绍个接口实例。
以下代码是 RESTful 服务类 Site.php:
实例
<?php
/*
* RESTful 服务类
*/
Class Site {
private $sites = array(
1 => 'TaoBao',
2 => 'Google',
3 => 'Runoob',
4 => 'Baidu',
5 => 'Weibo',
6 => 'Sina'
);
public function getAllSite(){
return $this->sites;
}
public function getSite($id){
$site = array($id => ($this->sites[$id]) ? $this->sites[$id] : $this->sites[1]);
return $site;
}
}
?>
RESTful Services URI 映射
RESTful Services URI 应该设置为一个直观简短的资源地址。Apache 服务器的 .htaccess 应设置好对应的 Rewrite 规则。
本实例我们将使用两个 URI 规则:
1、获取所有站点列表:
http://localhost/restexample/site/list/
2、使用 id 获取指定的站点,以下 URI 为获取 id 为 3 的站点:
http://localhost/restexample/site/list/3/
项目的 .htaccess 文件配置规则如下所示:
# 开启 rewrite 功能
Options +FollowSymlinks
RewriteEngine on
# 重写规则
RewriteRule ^site/list/$ RestController.php?view=all [nc,qsa]
RewriteRule ^site/list/([0-9]+)/$ RestController.php?view=single&id=$1 [nc,qsa]
RESTful Web Service 控制器
在 .htaccess 文件中,我们通过设置参数 'view' 来获取 RestController.php 文件中对应的请求,通过获取 'view' 不同的参数来分发到不同的方法上。RestController.php 文件代码如下:
实例
<?php
require_once("SiteRestHandler.php");
$view = "";
if(isset($_GET["view"]))
$view = $_GET["view"];
/*
* RESTful service 控制器
* URL 映射
*/
switch($view){
case "all":
// 处理 REST Url /site/list/
$siteRestHandler = new SiteRestHandler();
$siteRestHandler->getAllSites();
break;
case "single":
// 处理 REST Url /site/show/<id>/
$siteRestHandler = new SiteRestHandler();
$siteRestHandler->getSite($_GET["id"]);
break;
case "" :
//404 - not found;
break;
}
?>
简单的 RESTful 基础类
以下提供了 RESTful 的一个基类,用于处理响应请求的 HTTP 状态码,SimpleRest.php 文件代码如下:
实例
<?php
/*
* 一个简单的 RESTful web services 基类
* 我们可以基于这个类来扩展需求
*/
class SimpleRest {
private $httpVersion = "HTTP/1.1";
public function setHttpHeaders($contentType, $statusCode){
$statusMessage = $this -> getHttpStatusMessage($statusCode);
header($this->httpVersion. " ". $statusCode ." ". $statusMessage);
header("Content-Type:". $contentType);
}
public function getHttpStatusMessage($statusCode){
$httpStatus = array(
100 => 'Continue',
101 => 'Switching Protocols',
200 => 'OK',
201 => 'Created',
202 => 'Accepted',
203 => 'Non-Authoritative Information',
204 => 'No Content',
205 => 'Reset Content',
206 => 'Partial Content',
300 => 'Multiple Choices',
301 => 'Moved Permanently',
302 => 'Found',
303 => 'See Other',
304 => 'Not Modified',
305 => 'Use Proxy',
306 => '(Unused)',
307 => 'Temporary Redirect',
400 => 'Bad Request',
401 => 'Unauthorized',
402 => 'Payment Required',
403 => 'Forbidden',
404 => 'Not Found',
405 => 'Method Not Allowed',
406 => 'Not Acceptable',
407 => 'Proxy Authentication Required',
408 => 'Request Timeout',
409 => 'Conflict',
410 => 'Gone',
411 => 'Length Required',
412 => 'Precondition Failed',
413 => 'Request Entity Too Large',
414 => 'Request-URI Too Long',
415 => 'Unsupported Media Type',
416 => 'Requested Range Not Satisfiable',
417 => 'Expectation Failed',
500 => 'Internal Server Error',
501 => 'Not Implemented',
502 => 'Bad Gateway',
503 => 'Service Unavailable',
504 => 'Gateway Timeout',
505 => 'HTTP Version Not Supported');
return ($httpStatus[$statusCode]) ? $httpStatus[$statusCode] : $status[500];
}
}
?>
RESTful Web Service 处理类
以下是一个 RESTful Web Service 处理类 SiteRestHandler.php,继承了上面我们提供的 RESTful 基类,类中通过判断请求的参数来决定返回的 HTTP 状态码及数据格式,实例中我们提供了三种数据格式: "application/json" 、 "application/xml" 或 "text/html":
SiteRestHandler.php 文件代码如下:
实例
<?php
require_once("SimpleRest.php");
require_once("Site.php");
class SiteRestHandler extends SimpleRest {
function getAllSites() {
$site = new Site();
$rawData = $site->getAllSite();
if(empty($rawData)) {
$statusCode = 404;
$rawData = array('error' => 'No sites found!');
} else {
$statusCode = 200;
}
$requestContentType = $_SERVER['HTTP_ACCEPT'];
$this ->setHttpHeaders($requestContentType, $statusCode);
if(strpos($requestContentType,'application/json') !== false){
$response = $this->encodeJson($rawData);
echo $response;
} else if(strpos($requestContentType,'text/html') !== false){
$response = $this->encodeHtml($rawData);
echo $response;
} else if(strpos($requestContentType,'application/xml') !== false){
$response = $this->encodeXml($rawData);
echo $response;
}
}
public function encodeHtml($responseData) {
$htmlResponse = "<table border='1'>";
foreach($responseData as $key=>$value) {
$htmlResponse .= "<tr><td>". $key. "</td><td>". $value. "</td></tr>";
}
$htmlResponse .= "</table>";
return $htmlResponse;
}
public function encodeJson($responseData) {
$jsonResponse = json_encode($responseData);
return $jsonResponse;
}
public function encodeXml($responseData) {
// 创建 SimpleXMLElement 对象
$xml = new SimpleXMLElement('<?xml version="1.0"?><site></site>');
foreach($responseData as $key=>$value) {
$xml->addChild($key, $value);
}
return $xml->asXML();
}
public function getSite($id) {
$site = new Site();
$rawData = $site->getSite($id);
if(empty($rawData)) {
$statusCode = 404;
$rawData = array('error' => 'No sites found!');
} else {
$statusCode = 200;
}
$requestContentType = $_SERVER['HTTP_ACCEPT'];
$this ->setHttpHeaders($requestContentType, $statusCode);
if(strpos($requestContentType,'application/json') !== false){
$response = $this->encodeJson($rawData);
echo $response;
} else if(strpos($requestContentType,'text/html') !== false){
$response = $this->encodeHtml($rawData);
echo $response;
} else if(strpos($requestContentType,'application/xml') !== false){
$response = $this->encodeXml($rawData);
echo $response;
}
}
}
?>
最后我们这样访问我们写的接口
http://localhost/site/list/
http://localhost/site/list/1/
本文代码来自 W3C 菜鸟教程