Swift enum枚举

最近在看Alamofire的源码，但是Alamofire中使用了大量的枚举，这货打开的方式跟OC不一样，所以从简单的枚举整理开始

1.普通写法

enum Direction {
    case east
    case west
    case south
    case north
}

//关联值类型写法 Int 代表枚举值的类型 关联值类型可为 Int , String ,Boolen
enum Direction : Int {
    case east
    case west
    case south
    case north
}

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2.简单写法

enum Direction {
    case east, west,south, north
}

//如果关联值类型为Int,这枚举默认值分别为 0 1 2 3  如果指定第一个为具体数值后面一次+1
enum Direction : Int {
    case east = 1, west,south, north
}

//如果关联值类型为String 在没有指定的情况下 默认为当前case的名称
enum Direction : String {
    case east , west,south, north
}

//如下可指定枚举的具体值
enum Direction : String {
    case east = "zhangsan", west = "lisi" ,south = "wangwu", north = "zhaoliu"
}
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3.初始化

let dire1 = Direction.north
//错误写法
let dire2 = Direction()

//指定关联值类型   rawValue为初始值，rawValue必须存在
let dire3 = Direction.init(rawValue: "zhangsan")
let dire4 = Direction.init(rawValue: 1)

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4.枚举嵌套

enum Direction : Int {
    
    enum vertical : Int {
        case top,middle,bottom
    }
    
    enum horizontal {
        case left ,middle , bottom
    }
    
    case east
    case west
    case south
    case north
    
}

let dire1 = Direction.init(rawValue: 1)

print(dire1!)//west


let dire2 = Direction.horizontal.left

print(dire2)//left

let dire3 = Direction.vertical.init(rawValue: 0)

print(dire3!)//top
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5.包含枚举

class ViewController: UIViewController {
    
    enum Human {
        case man, woman
    }
    
    let human : Human?  = .man
    
    
    override func viewDidLoad() {
        super.viewDidLoad()

        
    }
}



struct World {
    enum Human {
        case man, woman
    }
    
    var human : Human?
    
    var plants : String
}
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6.关联值

//number作为标签可以不写
 enum Fruit {
        case Apple(number : Int)
        case banana( number: Int)
    }
    func buyFruit(type: Fruit) {
    }
//调用  语义明了  买水果(苹果10个)
 buyFruit(type: .Apple(number: 10))

//这样也可以
 let fruit = Fruit.Apple(number: 10)
  buyFruit(type: fruit)
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7.枚举中使用方法，静态方法，属性（这些都是为了枚举服务）

enum Direction  {
    
    enum vertical : Int {
        case top,middle,bottom
    }
    
    enum horizontal {
        case left ,middle , bottom
    }
    
    case east
    case west
    case south
    case north( distance : Int)//参数
    
    //方法
    func goLong(distance : Int) -> String  {

        switch self {
        case .east:
            return "east:\(distance)"
        default:
            return "back"
        }
    }
    
    static func directioned(type : Int) ->Direction{//类似类方法
        switch type {
        case 0:
            return .east
        case 1:
            return .west
        case 2:
            return .south
        
        default:
            return .east
        }
    }
    
    //属性
    var trueDirection : Bool {
        switch self {
        case .east:
            return true
        default:
            return false
        }
    }
    
}

let dire = Direction.east

print(dire)

print(dire.goLong(distance: 1000))

print(dire.trueDirection)

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