在数据库中启用块跟踪

alter database enable block change tracking；


alter database enable block change tracking using file '/u01/app/oracle/track/blockchange.trc'；

取消块跟踪

alter database disable block change tracking

查看是否启动块跟踪

SQL> select * from v$block_change_tracking;


在RMAN 下执行：

备份文件：

  CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION ON

  CONFIGURE CHANNEL DEVICE TYPE DISK FORMAT   '/orahome/oracle/zjgd_back/%T/%U';

  CONFIGURE CHANNEL DEVICE TYPE DISK clear;

控制文件：

  CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO '/orahome/oracle/zjgd_back/%T/%F';

snap： 

  CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME TO '/orahome/oracle/zjgd_back/snapcf_zjgd.f';

%c 备份片的拷贝数(从1开始编号);

%d 数据库名称；

%D 位于该月中的天数 (DD);

%M 位于该年中的月份 (MM);

%F 一个基于DBID唯一的名称，这个格式的形式为c-xxx-YYYYMMDD-QQ,其中xxx为该数据库的DBID,YYYYMMDD为日期，QQ是一个1-256的序列;

%n 数据库名称,并且会在右侧用x字符进行填充，使其保持长度为8;

%u 是一个由备份集编号和建立时间压缩后组成的8字符名称。利用%u可以为每个备份集生成一个唯一的名称；

%p 表示备份集中备份片段的编号，从1开始编号;

%U 是%u_%p_%c的简写形式，利用它可以为每一个备份片段(即磁盘文件)生成一个唯一名称，这是最常用的命名方式;

%s 备份集的号;

%t 备份集时间戳;

%T 年月日格式(YYYYMMDD);

 

你可以在备份的时候指定~比如

RMAN> backup current controlfile format'/home/oracle/%d_%M_%D'




RMAN> configure controlfile autobackup on;


new RMAN configuration parameters:

CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;

new RMAN configuration parameters are successfully stored


RMAN> CONFIGURE CHANNEL DEVICE TYPE DISK FORMAT   '/u01/app/oracle/backup/%T%U'

2> ;


new RMAN configuration parameters:

CONFIGURE CHANNEL DEVICE TYPE DISK FORMAT   '/u01/app/oracle/backup/%T%U';

new RMAN configuration parameters are successfully stored


零级备份脚本


run {

allocate channel ch1 device type disk;

allocate channel ch2 device type disk;

allocate channel ch3 device type disk;

backup as compressed backupset incremental level 0 tag 'db0' database plus archivelog all delete all input;

release channel ch1;

release channel ch2;

release channel ch3;

}

ALLOCATE CHANNEL FOR MAINTENANCE DEVICE TYPE DISK;

CROSSCHECK BACKUPSET;

DELETE NOPROMPT OBSOLETE;


rman target / cmdfile=/home/oracle/rmanlevel0.rman log=/home/oracle/rmanlog





run {

allocate channel ch1 device type disk;

allocate channel ch2 device type disk;

allocate channel ch3 device type disk;

backup as compressed backupset incremental level 1 tag 'db1' database plus archivelog all delete all input;

release channel ch1;

release channel ch2;

release channel ch3;

}

ALLOCATE CHANNEL FOR MAINTENANCE DEVICE TYPE DISK;

CROSSCHECK BACKUPSET;

DELETE NOPROMPT OBSOLETE;


零级备份脚本


run{

allocate channel ch1 device type disk;

allocate channel ch2 device type disk;

backup as compressed backupset incremental level 0 tag 'satdb0' format '/u01/app/oracle/backup/satdb0%T_%U'

database skip readonly;

sql 'alter system archive log current';

backup as compressed backupset filesperset 20 format '/u01/app/oracle/backup/arch%T_%U'

archivelog all delete all input; 

release channel ch1;

release channel ch2;

}


差异增量备份

run{

allocate channel ch1 device type disk;

allocate channel ch2 device type disk;

backup as compressed backupset incremental level 1 tag 'db_level1' format '/u01/app/oracle/backup/db1%T_%U'

database skip readonly;

sql 'alter system archive log current';

backup as compressed backupset filesperset 20 format '/u01/app/oracle/backup/arch%T_%U'

archivelog all delete all input; 

release channel ch1;

release channel ch2;

}

累计增量备份

run{

allocate channel ch1 device type disk;

allocate channel ch2 device type disk;

backup as compressed backupset incremental level 1 tag 'db_level1' format '/u01/app/oracle/backup/db1%T_%U'

cumulative database skip readonly;

sql 'alter system archive log current';

backup as compressed backupset filesperset 20 format '/u01/app/oracle/backup/arch%T_%U'

archivelog all delete all input;

delete noprompt obsolete; 

release channel ch1;

release channel ch2;

}



shell脚本

[oracle@db ~]$ cat rmanbak.sh 

#!/bin/bash

#by lineqi

#create time:20150731

source /home/oracle/.bash_profile

v_date=`date +%Y%m%d`

$ORACLE_HOME/bin/rman target /  cmdfile=/home/oracle/rman_level0.rman log=/home/oracle/rmanlog$v_date append

exit

[oracle@db ~]$ cat rmanbak_inr.sh 

#!/bin/bash

#by lineqi

#create time:20150731

source /home/oracle/.bash_profile

v_date=`date +%Y%m%d`

$ORACLE_HOME/bin/rman target /  cmdfile=/home/oracle/rman_level1.rman log=/home/oracle/rmanloglevel1$v_date append

exit


自动调用


[oracle@db ~]$ crontab -l

0 11 * * 6 /home/oracle/rmanbak.sh

0 12 * * * /home/oracle/rmanbak_inr.sh




参考资料

rman 备份脚本

export ORACLE_SID=CNMMBO

$ORACLE_HOME/bin/rman log=/users/oracle/bak/rmanlog <<EOF

connect target /

RUN {

CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO RECOVERY WINDOW OF  DAYS;

CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION ON;

CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;

CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO '/users/oracle/bak/%d_%F';

ALLOCATE CHANNEL CH TYPE DISK MAXPIECESIZE=G;

ALLOCATE CHANNEL CH TYPE DISK MAXPIECESIZE=G;

SET LIMIT CHANNEL CH READRATE=;

SET LIMIT CHANNEL CH KBYTES=;

SET LIMIT CHANNEL CH READRATE=;

SET LIMIT CHANNEL CH KBYTES=;

CROSSCHECK ARCHIVELOG ALL;

DELETE NOPROMPT EXPIRED ARCHIVELOG ALL;

BACKUP

DATABASE FORMAT '/users/oracle/bak/%d_FULL__%U';

SQL 'ALTER SYSTEM ARCHIVE LOG CURRENT';

BACKUP ARCHIVELOG ALL FORMAT '/users/oracle/bak/%d_LF_%U' DELETE  INPUT;

DELETE NOPROMPT OBSOLETE;

RELEASE CHANNEL CH;

RELEASE CHANNEL CH;

}

EXIT;

EOF

exit


#授予脚本执行权限

oracle@SZDB:~> chmod u+x rman_bak_sh


#执行shell脚本

oracle@SZDB:~> /rman_bak_sh

RMAN> RMAN> > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > RMAN> oracle@SZDB:~>


crontab详解：http://718693.blog.51cto.com/708693/1683129