系统为ubuntu 10.04

安装：

        apt-get install varnish

配置：

      主 配置文件为 /etc/varnish/default.vcl，启动脚本文件/etc/init.d/varnish，启动配置文件/etc/default/varnish

 

备份默认的主配置文件 mv  /etc/varnish/default.vcl /etc/varnish/default.vcl_bak

新建主配置文件 vim /etc/varnish/default.vcl

 

一个简单的配置文件：

 

backend webserver {

        .host = "10.1.1.223";                        #后端服务器地址

        .port = "80";                                       #端口

        .pore = {                                            #后端服务器健康状态检查

                .url = "/";

                .interval = 5s;                            #时间间隔

                .timeout = 1 s;                            #

                .window = 5;

                .threshold = 3;

                .initial = 3;

                .expected_response = 200;    #http返回的状态

        }

}

 

backend webserver2 {

        .host = "localhost";           #后端服务器地址10.1.1.198

        .port = "8080";                  #端口

        .pore = {                            #后端服务器健康状态检查

               .url = "/";

               .interval = 5s;

               .timeout = 1 s;

               .window = 5;

               .threshold = 3;

               .initial = 3;

               .expected_response = 200;

         }

}

 

backend testweb1 {

        .host = "10.1.1.222";

        .port = "80";

        .pore = {

                     .url = "/";

                     .interval = 5s;

                    .timeout = 1 s;

                    .threshold = 3;

                    .initial = 3;

                    .expected_response = 200;

            }

}

 

backend testweb2 {

         .host = "10.1.1.226";

         .port = "80";

         .pore = {

                 .url = "/";

                 .interval = 5s;

                .timeout = 1 s;

                .threshold = 3;

                .initial = 3;

                .expected_response = 200;

          }

}

 

director testweb round-robin {      #round-robin为循环模式，random为随机模式其中权重设置为 .weight = 1;数字表示权重值。

         { .backend = testweb1; }
         { .backend = testweb2; }
}

 

acl purgeallow {                       #允许清除缓存地址
         "127.0.0.1";
         "localhost";
}                  

 

 

sub vcl_recv {

            if (req.request == "PURGE") {
                     if (!client.ip ~ purgeallow) {
                              error 405 "Not Allow";
                     }
                     return (lookup);
          } 

          if (req.http.host ~ "10.1.1.198") {         #访问114.111.161.23时，指向后端服务webserver2
                     set req.backend = webserver2;
         } 

        if (req.http.host ~ "www.mytest.cn") { #访问www.mytest.cn，指向后端testweb集群。
                 set req.backend = testweb;
        } 

        

        if (req.http.host ~ "^(www.)?mywebserver.com.cn") { #访问这个域名时，指向webserver后端服务器
                 set req.backend = webserver;

                   if (req.request != "GET" && req.request != "HEAD") {
                                return (pipe);
                   }
                   else {
                                 return (lookup);
                   }
         }

            

        if (req.restarts == 0) {
                  if (req.http.x-forwarded-for) {  #配置后端服务器获得客户端访问的真实ip
                              set req.http.X-Forwarded-For =
                               req.http.X-Forwarded-For + ", " + client.ip;

                  } else {
                              set req.http.X-Forwarded-For = client.ip;
                  }
        }

   

        if (req.request != "GET" &&
          req.request != "HEAD" &&
          req.request != "PUT" &&
          req.request != "POST" &&
          req.request != "TRACE" &&
          req.request != "OPTIONS" &&
          req.request != "DELETE") {
                 return (pipe);
       } 

 

        if (req.request == "GET") {
                 return (lookup);
        }   

 

         if (req.http.Authorization || req.http.Cookie) {
                 return (pass);
         }

          

        #if ( !( req.url ~ ^/ezdemo_admin/) ) { #非 /ezdemo_admin/ 目录下访问删除cookie
                     #    unset req.http.Cookie;
        #}

        #if (req.url ~ "\.(jpg|png|gif|jpeg|flv|bmp|gz|tgz|bz2|tbz|js|css|html|htm|php)$") {  #以这些结尾文件删除cookie
                 #    unset req.http.cookie;  
        #}

       

        if (req.url ~ "\.(html|php|js|css|mp3|jpg|png|gif|swf|flv|jpeg|ico)$") { #以这些为结尾的文件进行缓存
                         return (lookup);
        }

        if (req.http.Cache-Control ~ "no-cache" || req.http.Pragma ~ "no-cache") { #http头中cache-control或pragma 符合no-cache不缓存
                      return (pass);
        }

         return (lookup);
}

sub vcl_pipe {
         return (pipe);
}

sub vcl_pass {
         return (pass);
}

 

sub vcl_hash {
         hash_data(req.url);
         if (req.http.host) {
                 hash_data(req.http.host);
         } else {
                 hash_data(server.ip);
         }

         return (hash);
}

 

sub vcl_hit {
         return (deliver);
}

sub vcl_miss {
         return (fetch);
}

 

sub vcl_fetch {
         if (beresp.ttl <= 0s ||
             beresp.http.Set-Cookie ||
             beresp.http.Vary == "*") {
                       set beresp.ttl = 1200 s;
                       return (hit_for_pass);
         }
         if (beresp.http.Cache-Control ~ "no-cache" || beresp.http.Pragma ~ "no-cache") {
                     return (pass);
         }

         if (req.request == "GET" && req.url ~ "\.(html|php|js|css)$") {
                         #unset beresp.http.Set-Cookie;
                         set beresp.ttl = 1800s;
         }

         if (req.request == "GET" && req.url ~ "\.(mp3|jpg|png|gif|swf|jpeg|ico)$") {
                         #unset beresp.http.Set-Cookie;
                        set beresp.ttl = 7d;
         }

         return (deliver);
}

 

sub vcl_deliver {
         if (obj.hits > 0) {
                          set resp.http.X-Cache = "HIT FROM CLOUDSTYLE";
         }
         else {
                          set resp.http.X-Cache = "MISS FROM CLOUDSTYLE";
         }
         return (deliver);
}

 

sub vcl_error {
         set obj.http.Content-Type = "text/html; charset=utf-8";
         set obj.http.Retry-After = "5";
         synthetic {"
     <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
     <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN"
          "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
     <html>
       <head>
             <title>"} + obj.status + " " + obj.response + {"</title>
       </head>
       <body>
             <h1>Error "} + obj.status + " " + obj.response + {"</h1>
             <p>"} + obj.response + {"</p>
             <h3>Guru Meditation:</h3>
             <p>XID: "} + req.xid + {"</p>
             <hr>
             <p>Varnish cache server</p>
       </body>
       </html>
     "};
     return (deliver);
}

 

sub vcl_init {
      return (ok);
}

sub vcl_fini {
      return (ok);
}

 

 

修改启动配置文件/etc/default/varnish 将 DAEMON_OPTS值改为如下

DAEMON_OPTS="-a :80 \                    #默认为6081
             -T localhost:6082 \
             -f /etc/varnish/default.vcl \
             -S /etc/varnish/secret \
             -s malloc,1G                    #默认为file,/var/lib/varnish/$INSTANCE/varnish_storage.bin,1G"

 

启动varnish 

/etc/init.d/varnish start

或是如下命令启动

varnishd -P /var/run/varnishd.pid -a 0.0.0.0:80 -T localhost:6082 -f /etc/varnish/default.vcl -S /etc/varnish/secret -s file,/var/lib/varnish/ubuntu/varnish_storage.bin,1G    #（ or -s malloc,1G）

 

启动日志

varnishncsa -a -w /usr/local/varnish/logs/varnish.log &

 

清除缓存

varnishadm -S /etc/varnish/secret -T localhost:6082 purge.url(ban.url) ^.*$          #清除所有缓存

 

 附录：

pass  当一个请求被pass后，这个请求将通过varnish转发到后端服务器，但是不会被缓存。
          pass可以放在vcl_recv 和 vcl_fetch中

 lookup  当一个请求在vcl_recv中被lookup后，varnish将从缓存中提取数据，如果缓存中没有数据，将被设置为pass，不能在vcl_fetch中设置lookup。

 pipe    pipe和pass相似，都要访问后端服务器，不过当进入pipe模式后，在此连接未关闭前，后续的所有请求都发到后端服务器（这句是我自己理解后简化的，有能力的朋友可以看看官方文档，给我提修改建议）。

  

deliver 请求的目标被缓存，然后发送给客户端

esi     ESI-process the fetched document（我理解的就是vcl中包换一段html代码）

 

 

 

varnish 参考
https://www.varnish-cache.org/docs/3.0/reference/varnishd.html