Use an array when you are dealing with data that is:

在处理数据时使用数组:

  • fixed in size, or unlikely to grow much


  • 固定的大小,或不可能增长太多


  • suitably large (more than 10, 50, 100 elements, depending on the algorithm)


  • 适当大的(超过1050100个元素,根据算法)


  • you will be doing lots of indexing into it, i.e. you know you will often want the third element, or the fifth, or whatever.


  • 你会做大量的索引,即你知道你会经常想要第三个元素,或第五,或任何。

Use a list for:

使用列表

  • variable length data lists .


  • 可变长度数据表


  • that are mostly used as a stack or a queue or need to be iterated in its entirety


  • 这主要是用来作为一个堆栈或队列或需要进行迭代的全部


  • when you do not want to write an expression to derive the ultimate array size for the declaration and you do not want to wastefully pick a large number


  • 当你不想写一个表达式推导极限数组大小的声明,你不想浪费接大量

Use a hashmap for:

使用一个HashMap:

  • variable length data lists


  • 可变长度数据表


  • that need to be indexed like an array would


  • 这需要像一个数组索引



Array is Fixed in Size. Where , Collection is Grow able in nature.

  1. Array stores homogeneous data . Where , Collection store both homogeneous as well as Heterogeneous data.数组存储均匀数据。在哪里,集合存储既有均匀也有异构数据。


  2. In Array , there are no underlined Data Structures, whereas ,Collection has Underlined DS.在数组中,没有带下划线的数据结构,而集合有下划线的。


  3. Array is recommended in performance , whereas Collection is not.数组中推荐的性能,而集合是不。


  4. Array use more memory space compare to Collection.数组使用更多的内存空间比较集合。







如果你这样想,就很容易了:集合 比对象数组好,基本上可以想象。你应该更喜欢List<Foo>over Foo[]。考虑:

  1. A collection can be mutable or immutable. A nonempty array must always be mutable.一个集合可以是可变的或不可变的。一个空的数组必须是可变的。


  2. A collection can be thread-safe; even concurrent. An array is never safe to publish to multiple threads.收藏可以是线程安全的,甚至是并发的。一个数组是不安全的发布到多个线程。


  3. A collection can allow or disallow null elements. An array must always permit null elements.一个集合可以允许或不允许null元素。数组必须始终允许空元素。


  4. A collection is type-safe; an array is not. Because arrays "fake" covariance, ArrayStoreException can result at runtime.集合是类型安全的;数组不。由于数组的“假”的协方差,数组存储异常可以导致在运行时。


  5. A collection can hold a non-reifiable type (e.g. List<Class<? extends E>> or List<Optional<T>>). With an array you get compilation warnings and confusing runtime exceptions.一个集合可以持有一个非泛型具体化类型(例如类列表< <?或列表<选项>选项>)。使用数组,你可以编译警告和混乱的运行时异常。


  6. A collection has a fully fleshed-out API; an array has only set-at-index, get-at-index and length.一个集合有一个有血有肉的API;数组只有设置指标,在指标和长度。


  7. A collection can have views (unmodifiable, subList, filter...). No such luck for an array.一个集合可以有意见(不可修改的列表,过滤,……)。没有这样的运气的数组。


  8. A list or set's equals, hashCode and toString methods do what users expect; those methods on an array do anything but what you expect -- a common source of bugs.一个列表或集合的相等,hashCodetoString方法做用户期望;这些方法对数组做任何事,但你所期待的——错误的常见来源。


  9. Because of all the reasons above, third-party libraries like Guava won't bother adding much additional support for arrays, focusing only on collections, so there is a network effect.由于以上原因,第三方库像石榴不会增加多少额外的支持数组,只注重收藏,所以有一个网络效应。