先来看看我们之前是怎样获取到当前登录user的:在view中,我们常常就会通过request对象来获取当前用户user的引用:
def comment_add(request): # do something... user = request.user # to do .....
这样,确实很方便就能获取多用户的信息。可是,如果要做别的地方获取user呢?例如要在model中获取user呢?
class Post(models.Model): title = models.CharField('Post标题', maxlength=100, db_index=True) create_date = models.DateTimeField('发布时间', default=datetime.now(), editable=False) modified_date = models.DateTimeField('最后修改时间', default=datetime.now(), editable=False) author = models.ForeignKey(User, verbose_name="作者", editable=False) content = models.TextField('内容') last_visitor_IP = models.IPAddressField('最后的访问者IP', null=True, blank=True, editable=False) tags = models.ManyToManyField(Tag, verbose_name="the list of tags", null=True, blank=True) slug = models.SlugField('自定义url', maxlength=100, null=True, blank=True) hits = models.IntegerField('点击数', editable=False, default=0)
可以看到,author是editable=False的,即我们想Post被保存是自动设置author为当前登录用户user。而这里没有request,怎样获取到这个user呢?找了一下django的文章,提到了使用middleware来解决这个需求。
好吧,先在项目中创建一个"middleware"模块(即带有一个空__init__.py文件的目录),接着创建"threadlocals.py"到此目录,代码如下:
#!/usr/bin/python # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- # Description: thread locals middleware # Create: 2008-6-4 try: from threading import local except ImportError: from django.utils._threading_local import local _thread_locals = local() def get_current_user(): return getattr(_thread_locals, 'user', None) class ThreadLocals(object): """Middleware that gets various objects from the request object and saves them in thread local storage.""" def process_request(self, request): _thread_locals.user = getattr(request, 'user', None)
接着将此middleware添加到项目中,打开setting.py,修改代码如下:
MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES = ( "django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware", "django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware", "django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware", "yourproject.middleware.threadlocals.ThreadLocals", )写到这里,发现这不类似与asp.net中的HttpModule吗?
然后为了自动设置author为当前用户,我们需要重载post的save方法:
先导入middleware
from net4.middleware import threadlocals
def save(self): if self.id is None: self.author = threadlocals.get_current_user() super(Post, self).save()
编码工作完成了,还不快点进入admin看看是否可以正常工作了呢?
其实大部分都是算直接在参考文章里哪过来的,呵呵,反正是花了点时间才找到,呵呵,就拿来主义,让大家一齐分享咯。
希望对你有用! ^_^
本文参考:
Making User info available outside requests
Technorati: django, python, middleware, get_current_user