1. 语法：create database 库名
for example:
mysql> create database oldboy;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| oldboy             |
| performance_schema |
| test               |
+--------------------+

mysql> help show
mysql> show create database oldboy;
+----------+-----------------------------------------------------------------+
| Database | Create Database                                                 |
+----------+-----------------------------------------------------------------+
| oldboy   | CREATE DATABASE `oldboy` /*!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 */ |
+----------+-----------------------------------------------------------------+

mysql> show create database oldboy \G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
       Database: oldboy
Create Database: CREATE DATABASE `oldboy` /*!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 */

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

上面的例子字符集是utf8，下面创建一个gbk字符集

mysql> create database oldboy_gbk default character set gbk collate gbk_chinese_ci;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)  // collate gbk_chinese_ci 是字符集的校队规则

mysql> show create database oldboy_gbk;
+------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Database   | Create Database                                                    |
+------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------+
| oldboy_gbk | CREATE DATABASE `oldboy_gbk` /*!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET gbk */ |
+------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
创建一个utf8的数据库

mysql> create database oldboy_utf8 character set utf8 collate utf8_general_ci;
mysql> show create database oldboy_utf8;
+-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Database    | Create Database                                                      |
+-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------------+
| oldboy_utf8 | CREATE DATABASE `oldboy_utf8` /*!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 */ |
+-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------------+

提示：如果编译的时候指定了特定的字符集，那么创建对应的数据库就不需要字符集了。

企业里怎么创建数据库呢？
1.根据开发的程序确定字符集（建议utf8）
2.编译时候指定字符集，例如：
--DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \
--DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
然后建库的时候默认创建即可，create database oldboy;
3.编译的时候没有指定字符集或者指定了和程序不同的字符集，如何解决？
指定字符集创建数据库即可。

数据库要支持创建的字符集