MRTG(MultiRouter Traffic Grapher, MRTG)是基于SNMP的典型网络流量统计分析工具。它耗用的系统资源很小，因此有很多外挂的程序也依附在MRTG下。它通过SNMP协议从设备得到其流量信息，并将流量负载以包含PNG格式图形的HTML文档的方式显示给用户，以非常直观的形式显示流量负载。
 
一、安装网络流量监视
首先确认系统中已经安装以下套件：
gd、gd-devel、libpng、libpng-devel、libpng10、libpng10-devel、zlib、zlib-devel、perl、gcc、apache、net-snmp
编辑snmpd.conf
vi /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf
#view mib2 included .iso.org.dod.internet.mgmt.mib-2 fc //去掉注释
access notConfigGroup "" any noauth exact systemview none none //systemview改为mib2
启动apache、snmp服务
/usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl start
/etc/init.d/snmpd start
安装mrtg
#tar zvxf mrtg-2.14.5.tar.gz
#cd mrtg-2.14.5
#./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mrtg
#make
#make install
配置mrtg
#mkdir /usr/local/apache2/htdocs/mrtg
#cd mrtg-2.14.5
#cp ./p_w_picpaths/* /usr/local/apache2/htdocs/mrtg/p_w_picpaths/
#/usr/local/mrtg/bin/cfgmaker public@127.0.0.1 --global "workdir: /usr/local/apache2/htdocs/mrtg" --output=/usr/local/apache2/htdocs/mrtg/mrtg.cfg
#/usr/local/mrtg/bin/indexmaker --output=/usr/local/apache2/htdocs/mrtg/index.html --title="MRTG on Linux" /usr/local/apache2/htdocs/mrtg/mrtg.cfg
运行mrtg
#env LANG=C /usr/local/mrtg/bin/mrtg /usr/local/apache2/htdocs/mrtg/mrtg.cfg
设置crontab(每五分钟运行一次)
#crontab -e
*/5 * * * * env LANG=C /usr/local/mrtg/bin/mrtg /usr/local/apache2/htdocs/mrtg/mrtg.cfg

二、安装CPU负载监视
首先安装sysstat套件
建立CPU脚本：
mkdir /opt/mrtg
vim /opt/mrtg/mrtg.cpu
#!/bin/bash
cpuusr=`/usr/bin/sar -u 1 3 | grep Average | awk '{print $3}'`
cpusys=`/usr/bin/sar -u 1 3 | grep Average | awk '{print $5}'`
UPtime=`/usr/bin/uptime | awk '{print $3""$4""$5}'`
echo $cpuusr
echo $cpusys
echo $UPtime
hostname
使脚本可以执行：
chmod +755 /opt/mrtg/mrtg.cpu
修改/usr/local/apache2/htdocs/mrtg/mrtg.cfg在文件最后加入cpu项目
Target[cpu]: `/opt/mrtg/mrtg.cpu`
MaxBytes[cpu]: 100
Options[cpu]: gauge, nopercent, growright
YLegend[cpu]: CPU loading (%)
ShortLegend[cpu]: %
LegendO[cpu]:   CPU us;
LegendI[cpu]:   CPU sy;
Title[cpu]: CPU Loading
PageTop[cpu]: <H1>CPU Loading</H1>
重新生成索引页面：
indexmaker /usr/local/apache2/htdocs/mrtg/mrtg.cfg > /usr/local/apache2/htdocs/mrtg/index.html
 
三、安装WWW连接数监视
建立WWW脚本：
mkdir /opt/mrtg
vim /opt/mrtg/mrtg.www
#!/bin/bash
all=`netstat -a | grep www|awk '{print $5}'|sort | wc -l|awk '{print$1 - 1}'`
user=`netstat -a | grep www|awk '{print $5}'|cut -d":" -f1|sort| uniq |wc -l | awk '{print $1 - 1}'`
if [ "$all" = "-1" ]; then
echo 0
else
echo $all
fi
if [ "$user" = "-1" ]; then
echo 0
else
echo $user
fi
UPtime=`/usr/bin/uptime | awk '{print $3 " " $4 " " $5}'`
echo $UPtime
hostname
使脚本可以执行：
chmod +755 /opt/mrtg/mrtg.www
修改/usr/local/apache2/htdocs/mrtg/mrtg.cfg在文件最后加入www项目
Target[www]: `/opt/mrtg/mrtg.www`
MaxBytes[www]: 500
Options[www]: nopercent, growright
YLegend[www]: Online Users
ShortLegend[www]: %
LegendI[www]: &nbsp; Connect :
LegendO[www]: &nbsp; Online :
Title[www]: WWW Connect
PageTop[www]: <H1> WWW Connect </H1>
重新生成索引页面：
indexmaker /usr/local/apache2/htdocs/mrtg/mrtg.cfg > /usr/local/apache2/htdocs/mrtg/index.html
 
四、安装内存使用监视
建立RAM脚本：
mkdir /opt/mrtg
vim /opt/mrtg/mrtg.ram
#!/bin/bash
# run this script to check the mem usage.
totalmem=`/usr/bin/free |grep Mem |awk '{print $2}'`
usedmem=`/usr/bin/free |grep Mem |awk '{print $3}'`
UPtime=`/usr/bin/uptime | awk '{print $3""$4""$5}'`
echo $totalmem
echo $usedmem
echo $UPtime
hostname
使脚本可以执行：
chmod +755 /opt/mrtg/mrtg.ram
修改/usr/local/apache2/htdocs/mrtg/mrtg.cfg在文件最后加入ram项目
Target[ram]: `/opt/mrtg/mrtg.ram`
#Unscaled[ram]: dwym
MaxBytes[ram]: 2048000
Title[ram]:Memory
ShortLegend[ram]: &
kmg[ram]:kB,MB
kilo[ram]:1024
YLegend[ram]: &nbsp; Memory Usage :
Legend1[ram]: &nbsp; Total Memory :
Legend2[ram]: &nbsp; Used Memory :
LegendI[ram]: &nbsp; Total Memory :
LegendO[ram]: &nbsp; Used Memory :
Options[ram]: growright,gauge,nopercent
PageTop[ram]:<H1>Memory</H1>
重新生成索引页面：
indexmaker /usr/local/apache2/htdocs/mrtg/mrtg.cfg > /usr/local/apache2/htdocs/mrtg/index.html
 
五、安装FTP连接数监视
建立FTP脚本：
mkdir /opt/mrtg
vim /opt/mrtg/mrtg.ftp
#!/bin/bash
all=`netstat -a | grep ftp|awk '{print $5}'|sort | wc -l|awk '{print$1 - 1}'`
user=`netstat -a | grep ftp|awk '{print $5}'|cut -d":" -f1|sort| uniq |wc -l | awk '{print $1 - 1}'`
if [ "$all" = "-1" ]; then
echo 0
else
echo $all
fi
if [ "$user" = "-1" ]; then
echo 0
else
echo $user
fi
UPtime=`/usr/bin/uptime | awk '{print $3 " " $4 " " $5}'`
echo $UPtime
hostname
使脚本可以执行：
chmod +755 /opt/mrtg/mrtg.ftp
修改/usr/local/apache2/htdocs/mrtg/mrtg.cfg在文件最后加入ftp项目
Target[ftp]: `/opt/mrtg/mrtg.ftp`
MaxBytes[ftp]: 500
Options[ftp]: nopercent, growright
YLegend[ftp]: Online Users
ShortLegend[ftp]: %
LegendI[ftp]: &nbsp; Connect :
LegendO[ftp]: &nbsp; Online :
Title[ftp]: FTP Connect
PageTop[ftp]: <H1> FTP Connect </H1>
重新生成索引页面：
indexmaker /usr/local/apache2/htdocs/mrtg/mrtg.cfg > /usr/local/apache2/htdocs/mrtg/index.html
 
六、安装CPU温度监视
首先安装mbmon套件
建立CPU温度脚本：
mkdir /opt/mrtg
vim /opt/mrtg/mrtg.temp
#!/bin/bash
/usr/bin/mbmon -c 1 -i -T 4 -u -n
exit 0
使脚本可以执行：
chmod +755 /opt/mrtg/mrtg.temp
修改/usr/local/apache2/htdocs/mrtg/mrtg.cfg在文件最后加入cpu项目
Target[temp]: `/opt/mrtg/mrtg.temp`
MaxBytes[temp]: 100
Title[temp]: CPU Temperature
PageTop[temp]: <H1>CPU Temperature</H1>
Options[temp]: gauge,absolute,unknaszero,growright
YLegend[temp]: Temperature(C)
ShortLegend[temp]: (C)
Legend1[temp]: CPU Temperature
Legend2[temp]: M/B Temperature
LegendI[temp]: CPU Temp.
LegendO[temp]: M/B Temp.
重新生成索引页面：
indexmaker /usr/local/apache2/htdocs/mrtg/mrtg.cfg > /usr/local/apache2/htdocs/mrtg/index.html
 
七、硬盘读写监视
建立硬盘读写脚本：
mkdir /opt/mrtg
vim /opt/mrtg/mrtg.disk
#!/bin/bash
hd=sda
disk=/dev/$hd
UPtime=`/usr/bin/uptime |awk '{print $3""$4""$5}'`
KBread_sec=`iostat -x $disk|grep $hd |awk '{print 8$}'`
KBwrite_sec=`iostat -x $disk|grep $hd |awk '{print 9$}'`
echo $KBread_sec
echo $KBwrite_sec
echo $UPtime
hostname
使脚本可以执行：
chmod +755 /opt/mrtg/mrtg.disk
修改/usr/local/apache2/htdocs/mrtg/mrtg.cfg在文件最后加入硬盘读写
Target[disk]: `/opt/mrtg/mrtg.disk`
Title[disk]: Disk HDA I/O Utilization Report
#Unscaled[disk]: dwym
MaxBytes[disk]: 10240000
PageTop[disk]: <H1>Disk I/O Utilization Report</H1>
kmg[disk]: KB,MB,GB
LegendI[disk]: Disk I/O KBread/sec
LegendO[disk]: Disk I/O KBwrite/sec
Legend1[disk]: Disk I/O KBread/sec
Legend2[disk]: Disk I/O KBwrite/sec
YLegend[disk]: Megabytes
ShortLegend[disk]: &
Options[disk]: growright,gauge,nopercent
重新生成索引页面：
indexmaker /usr/local/apache2/htdocs/mrtg/mrtg.cfg > /usr/local/apache2/htdocs/mrtg/index.html
 
八、磁盘使用
建立磁盘使用脚本：
mkdir /opt/mrtg
vim /opt/mrtg/mrtg.df
#!/usr/bin/perl
foreach $filesystem (`df -kl | grep -v "Filesystem"`)
{
@df = split(/\s+/,$filesystem);
$total += $df[1];
$usage += $df[2];
}
print "$total\n";
print "$usage\n";
hostname
使脚本可以执行：
chmod +755 /opt/mrtg/mrtg.df
修改/usr/local/apache2/htdocs/mrtg/mrtg.cfg在文件最后加入
Target[disk]: `/opt/mrtg/mrtg.df`
Title[disk]: Disk Space
Unscaled[disk]: dwym
MaxBytes[disk]: 465247550
kmg[disk]: KB,MB,GB
LegendI[disk]: Total Disk Space
LegendO[disk]: Used Disk Space
Legend1[disk]: Total Disk Space
Legend2[disk]: Used Disk Space
YLegend[disk]: Megabytes
ShortLegend[disk]: &
Options[disk]: growright,nopercent
PageTop[disk]: <H1>Disk Space</H1>
重新生成索引页面：
indexmaker /usr/local/apache2/htdocs/mrtg/mrtg.cfg > /usr/local/apache2/htdocs/mrtg/index.html
 
九、交换分区
建立交换分区脚本：
mkdir /opt/mrtg
vim /opt/mrtg/mrtg.swap
#!/bin/bash
# This script to monitor the swap usage.
totalswap=`/usr/bin/free |grep Swap |awk '{print $2}'`
usedswap=`/usr/bin/free |grep Swap |awk '{print $3}'`
echo "$totalswap"
echo "$usedswap"
使脚本可以执行：
chmod +755 /opt/mrtg/mrtg.swap
修改/usr/local/apache2/htdocs/mrtg/mrtg.cfg在文件最后加入
Target[swap]: `/opt/mrtg/mrtg.swap`
MaxBytes[swap]: 2048000
Title[swap]:Memory State of Server
ShortLegend[swap]: &
kmg[swap]:kB,MB
kilo[swap]:1024
YLegend[swap]: Swap Usage
Legend1[swap]: Total Swap
Legend2[swap]: Used Swap
LegendI[swap]: Total Swap
LegendO[swap]: Used Swap
Options[swap]: growright,gauge,nopercent
PageTop[swap]:<H1>Swap</H1>
重新生成索引页面：
indexmaker /usr/local/apache2/htdocs/mrtg/mrtg.cfg > /usr/local/apache2/htdocs/mrtg/index.html