Service通知Activity修改UI

最新推荐文章于 2021-05-27 07:16:48 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2021-05-27 07:16:48 发布

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文章标签： ui 移动开发 java

原文链接：http://blog.51cto.com/3861969/1003413

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Service通知Activity修改UI（UI动态更新）有两种方式：

①通过service发送广播通知activity修改UI的内容；

②通过Handler进行传递值更新。

一、首先来说第一种，通过service发送广播通知activity修改UI的内容。（结合例子讲解，计时器）

说明：Activity与通过startService方法启动的Service之间是无法直接进行通信的，但是借助BroadcastReceiver可以实现两者之间的通信。

1.实现思路：1）后台Service每隔1秒发送广播通知时间已发生变化；

2）UI层（Activity）通过BroadcastReceiver接收到广播，更新显示的时间。

2.关键技术点：Service的应用、BroadcastReceiver的应用

3.关于注册广播，有两种方式：

①xml中配置：

<receiver android:name=".UITimeReceiver">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="com.xc.TIME_CHANGED_ACTION"/>
</intent-filter>
</receiver>

②代码：

registerReceiver(BroadcastReceiver receiver,IntentFilter filter);

4.上代码：

①布局文件：main.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent"
>
<TextView
android:id="@+id/tv"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="当前时间: "
/>
<TextView android:id="@+id/time"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_toRightOf="@+id/tv"
/>
　　</RelativeLayout>

②DynamicUIActivity.java

这里注册广播的方式为代码。如果要用xml注册，则需要将UITimeReceiver单独创建一个java文件。

package com.example.servicedemo;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.IntentFilter;
import android.graphics.Color;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.widget.TextView;
public class DynamicUIActivity extends Activity {
public static String TIME_CHANGED_ACTION = "com.xc.TIME_CHANGED_ACTION";
private static TextView time = null;
private Intent timeService = null;
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main);
//初始化UI
initUI();
System.out.println("initUI");
//注册广播-方法1
/*
* 配置
* <receiver android:name=".UITimeReceiver">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="com.xc.TIME_CHANGED_ACTION"/>
</intent-filter>
</receiver>
*/
//注册广播-方法2
//注册广播，监听后台Service发送过来的广播
registerBroadcastReceiver();
//启动服务，时间改变后发送广播，通知UI层修改时间
startTimeService();
}
public TextView getTimeTextView(){
return time;
}
/**
* 初始化UI
*/
private void initUI(){
time = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.time);
time.setTextColor(Color.RED);
time.setTextSize(15);
}
/**
* 注册广播
*/
private void registerBroadcastReceiver(){
UITimeReceiver receiver = new UITimeReceiver();
IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter(TIME_CHANGED_ACTION);
registerReceiver(receiver, filter);
}
/**
* 启动服务
*/
private void startTimeService(){
timeService = new Intent(this,TimeService.class);
this.startService(timeService);
}
@Override
protected void onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy();
//停止服务
stopService(timeService);
}
public class UITimeReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver{
@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
String action = intent.getAction();
if(DynamicUIActivity.TIME_CHANGED_ACTION.equals(action)){
Bundle bundle = intent.getExtras();
String strtime = bundle.getString("time");
time.setText(strtime);
}
}
}
　　}

③：TimeService.java

package com.example.servicedemo;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Timer;
import java.util.TimerTask;
import android.app.Service;
import android.content.ComponentName;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.util.Log;
public class TimeService extends Service {
private String TAG = "TimeService";
private Timer timer = null;
private SimpleDateFormat sdf = null;
private Intent timeIntent = null;
private Bundle bundle = null;
@Override
public void onCreate() {
super.onCreate();
Log.i(TAG,"TimeService->onCreate");
//初始化
this.init();
//定时器发送广播
timer.schedule(new TimerTask() {
@Override
public void run() {
//发送广播
sendTimeChangedBroadcast();
}
}, 1000,1000);
}
@Override
public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
Log.i(TAG,"TimeService->onBind");
return null;
}
/**
* 相关变量初始化
*/
private void init(){
timer = new Timer();
sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy年MM月dd日 "+"hh:mm:ss");
timeIntent = new Intent();
bundle = new Bundle();
}
/**
* 发送广播，通知UI层时间已改变
*/
private void sendTimeChangedBroadcast(){
bundle.putString("time", getTime());
timeIntent.putExtras(bundle);
timeIntent.setAction(DynamicUIActivity.TIME_CHANGED_ACTION);
//发送广播，通知UI层时间改变了
sendBroadcast(timeIntent);
}
/**
* 获取最新系统时间
* @return
*/
private String getTime(){
return sdf.format(new Date());
}
@Override
public ComponentName startService(Intent service) {
Log.i(TAG,"TimeService->startService");
return super.startService(service);
}
@Override
public void onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy();
Log.i(TAG,"TimeService->onDestroy");
}
}

④：AndroidMainifest.xml

<service android:name=".TimeService"></service>

5.效果图

二、通过Handler进行传递值更新。由于使用广播开销过大，我们一般使用Handler传递值。

①handlerservice.xml：

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical"
>
<TextView
android:id="@+id/text"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="@string/hello_world"
/>
<Button
android:id="@+id/start"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="开始服务"
/>
<Button
android:id="@+id/stop"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="停止服务"
/>
</LinearLayout>

②：HandlerActivity.java

package com.example.servicedemo;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Message;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.TextView;
public class HandlerActivity extends Activity implements OnClickListener{
private Button start,stop;
private TextView text;
public static Handler handler;
public static int FLAG = 1;
private Intent timeService = null;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.handlerservice);
initLayout();
setListeners();
timeService = new Intent(HandlerActivity.this,HandlerService.class);
handler = new Handler(){
@Override
public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
super.handleMessage(msg);
if(msg.what==FLAG){
text.setText((String)msg.obj);
}
}
};
}
private void initLayout() {
text = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.text);
start = (Button)findViewById(R.id.start);
stop = (Button)findViewById(R.id.stop);
}
public void setListeners()
{
start.setOnClickListener(this);
stop.setOnClickListener(this);
}
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
switch (v.getId()) {
case R.id.start:
startService(timeService);
break;
case R.id.stop:
stopService(timeService);
handler.removeMessages(FLAG);
break;
}
}
@Override
protected void onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy();
}
}

③HandlerService.java

package com.example.servicedemo;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Timer;
import java.util.TimerTask;
import android.app.Service;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.os.Message;
import android.util.Log;
public class HandlerService extends Service{
private Timer timer = null;
private SimpleDateFormat sdf = null;
@Override
public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
return null;
}
@Override
public void onCreate() {
super.onCreate();
init();
timer.schedule(new TimerTask() {
@Override
public void run() {
Message msg = new Message();
msg.what = HandlerActivity.FLAG;
msg.obj=getTime();
HandlerActivity.handler.sendMessage(msg);
}
}, 0, 1000);
}
public void init(){
timer = new Timer();
sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy年MM月dd日 "+"hh:mm:ss");
}
private String getTime() {
return sdf.format(new Date());
}
@Override
public void onDestroy() {
Log.i("TAG","Services onDestory");
super.onDestroy();
}
}

④AndroidManifest.xml

<service android:name=".HandlerService"></service>

后续继续补充。

转载于:https://blog.51cto.com/3861969/1003413

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Service通知Activity修改UI

Service通知Activity修改UI（UI动态更新）有两种方式：①通过service发送广播通知activity修改UI的内容；②通过Handler进行传递值更新。一、首先来说第一种，通过service发送广播通知activity修改UI的内容。（结合例子讲解，计时器）说明：Activity与通过startService方法启动的Ser...
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