(1)定义分数的一目运算+和-,分别代表分数取正和求反,将“按位取反运算符”~重载为分数的求倒数运算。
(2)定义分数类中<<和>>运算符重载,实现分数的输入输出,改造原程序中对运算结果显示方式,使程序读起来更自然。
/*
* Copyright (c) 2015,烟台大学计算机学院
* All right reserved.
* 作者:邵帅
* 文件:Demo.cpp
* 完成时间:2015年05月14日
* 版本号:v1.0
*/
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class CFraction
{
private:
int nume; // 分子
int deno; // 分母
public:
//构造函数及运算符重载的函数声明
CFraction(int n=1,int d=1);
CFraction operator+(CFraction &d);
CFraction operator-(CFraction &d);
CFraction operator*(CFraction &d);
CFraction operator/(CFraction &d);
bool operator>(const CFraction &c);
bool operator<(const CFraction &c);
bool operator==(const CFraction &c);
bool operator!=(const CFraction &c);
bool operator>=(const CFraction &c);
bool operator<=(const CFraction &c);
void setCFraction(int n,int d);
void display();
void simplify();
friend istream &operator>>(istream &in,CFraction &x);
friend ostream &operator<<(ostream &out,CFraction x);
CFraction operator+(); //取正一目运算
CFraction operator-(); //取反一目运算
CFraction operator~(); //取倒数一目运算
};
int gcd(int m, int n);
//重载函数的实现及用于测试的main()函数
CFraction :: CFraction(int n,int d)
{
nume=n;
deno=d;
}
void CFraction::setCFraction(int n, int d)
{
nume=n;
deno=d;
}
void CFraction::display()
{
cout<<nume<<"/"<<deno<<endl;
}
void CFraction::simplify()//化简
{
int n=gcd(deno, nume);
deno/=n;
nume/=n;
}
int gcd(int m, int n) //求最大公约数
{
int r;
if (m<n)
{
r=m;
m=n;
n=r;
}
while(r=m%n)
{
m=n;
n=r;
}
return n;
}
CFraction CFraction::operator+(CFraction &d)
{
CFraction m;
m.nume=nume*d.deno+d.nume*deno;
m.deno=deno*d.deno;
m.simplify();
return m;
}
CFraction CFraction::operator-(CFraction &d)
{
CFraction m;
m.nume=nume*d.deno-d.nume*deno;
m.deno=deno*d.deno;
m.simplify();
return m;
}
CFraction CFraction::operator*(CFraction &d)
{
CFraction m;
m.nume=nume*d.nume;
m.deno=deno*d.deno;
m.simplify();
return m;
}
CFraction CFraction::operator/(CFraction &d)
{
CFraction m;
m.nume=nume*d.deno;
m.deno=deno*d.nume;
m.simplify();
return m;
}
bool CFraction::operator>(const CFraction &c)
{
int anume1,anume2,both;
both=this->deno*c.deno;
anume1=nume*c.deno;
anume2=c.nume*deno;
if ((anume1>anume2&&both>0)||(anume1<anume2&&both<0)) return true;
return false;
}
bool CFraction::operator<(const CFraction &c)
{
int anume1,anume2,both;
both=this->deno*c.deno;
anume1=nume*c.deno;
anume2=c.nume*deno;
if ((anume1-anume2)*both<0) return true;
return false;
}
bool CFraction::operator==(const CFraction &c)
{
if (*this!=c) return false;
return true;
}
bool CFraction::operator>=(const CFraction &c)
{
if (*this<c) return false;
return true;
}
bool CFraction::operator<=(const CFraction &c)
{
if (*this>c) return false;
return true;
}
bool CFraction::operator!=(const CFraction &c)
{
if (*this>c || *this<c) return true;
return false;
}
istream &operator>>(istream &in,CFraction &x)
{
char ch;
while(1)
{
cin>>x.nume>>ch>>x.deno;
if (x.deno==0)
cerr<<"分母为0, 请重新输入\n";
else if(ch!='/')
cerr<<"格式错误(形如m/n)! 请重新输入\n";
else
break;
}
return cin;
}
ostream &operator<<(ostream &out,CFraction x)
{
cout<<x.nume<<'/'<<x.deno;
return cout;
}
CFraction CFraction:: operator+()
{
return *this;
}
CFraction CFraction:: operator-()
{
CFraction x;
x.nume=-nume;
x.deno=deno;
return x;
}
CFraction CFraction:: operator~()
{
CFraction x;
x.nume=deno;
x.deno=nume; //未对原分子为0的情况进行处理
if(x.deno<0) //保证负分数的负号在分子上
{
x.deno=-x.deno;
x.nume=-x.nume;
}
return x;
}
int main()
{
CFraction x,y,s;
cout<<"输入x: ";
cin>>x;
cout<<"输入y: ";
cin>>y;
s=+x+y;
cout<<"+x+y="<<s<<endl;
s=x-y;
cout<<"x-y="<<s<<endl;
s=x*y;
cout<<"x*y="<<s<<endl;
s=x/y;
cout<<"x/y="<<s<<endl;
cout<<"-x="<<-x<<endl;
cout<<"+x="<<+x<<endl;
cout<<"x的倒数: "<<~x<<endl;
cout<<x;
if (x>y) cout<<"大于";
if (x<y) cout<<"小于";
if (x==y) cout<<"等于";
cout<<y<<endl;
return 0;
}
运行结果:
@ Mayuko