java后台訪问url,并传递数据——通过httpclient方式
须要的包,包可能多几个额外的,假设无用或者冲突删除就可以。httpclient是使用的是4.4.1的版本号:http://download.csdn.net/detail/myfmyfmyfmyf/8894191
1、无參数传递,以微信开发为例,后台訪问url连接获得所有的人员列表
/**
* 获取所有人员列表
* @return
*/
public JSONObject getAllEmployee(){
//获取微信号
String token=getTokenFromWx();
String dep_root=ROOT_DEP;//跟部门树
try {
CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault();
HttpPost httpPost= new HttpPost("https://qyapi.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/user/list?
access_token="+token+"&department_id="+dep_root+"&fetch_child="+FETCH_CHILD+"&status="+STATE); // Create a custom response handler ResponseHandler<JSONObject> responseHandler = new ResponseHandler<JSONObject>() { //成功调用连接后。对返回数据进行的操作 public JSONObject handleResponse( final HttpResponse response) throws ClientProtocolException, IOException { int status = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode(); if (status >= 200 && status < 300) { //获得调用成功后 返回的数据 HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity(); if(null!=entity){ String result= EntityUtils.toString(entity); //依据字符串生成JSON对象 JSONObject resultObj = JSONObject.fromObject(result); return resultObj; }else{ return null; } } else { throw new ClientProtocolException("Unexpected response status: " + status); } } }; //返回的json对象 JSONObject responseBody = httpclient.execute(httpPost, responseHandler); //System.out.println(responseBody); return responseBody; }catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); return null; } }
2、有參数传递,以微信开发为例,后台訪问url主动发送消息(json数据),httpClient通过设置StringEntity对象传递
/**
* 主动发送消息
* @param mess
* @return
*/
public boolean sendReqMsg(ReqBaseMessage mess){
//消息json格式
String jsonContext=mess.toJsonStr();
//System.out.println(jsonContext);
//获得token
String token=getTokenFromWx();
boolean flag=false;
try {
CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault();
HttpPost httpPost= new HttpPost("https://qyapi.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/message/send?
access_token="+token); //发送json格式的数据 StringEntity myEntity = new StringEntity(jsonContext, ContentType.create("text/plain", "UTF-8")); //设置须要传递的数据 httpPost.setEntity(myEntity); // Create a custom response handler ResponseHandler<JSONObject> responseHandler = new ResponseHandler<JSONObject>() { //对訪问结果进行处理 public JSONObject handleResponse( final HttpResponse response) throws ClientProtocolException, IOException { int status = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode(); if (status >= 200 && status < 300) { HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity(); if(null!=entity){ String result= EntityUtils.toString(entity); //依据字符串生成JSON对象 JSONObject resultObj = JSONObject.fromObject(result); return resultObj; }else{ return null; } } else { throw new ClientProtocolException("Unexpected response status: " + status); } } }; //返回的json对象 JSONObject responseBody = httpclient.execute(httpPost, responseHandler); System.out.println(responseBody); int result= (Integer) responseBody.get("errcode"); if(0==result){ flag=true; }else{ flag=false; } httpclient.close(); } catch (Exception e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } return flag; }
3、传递图片、文件等媒体信息,还是以微信开发为例
/**
* 文件上传到微信server
* @param fileType 文件类型 媒体文件类型,分别有图片(image)、语音(voice)、视频(video),普通文件(file)
* @param filePath 文件路径
* @return JSONObject
* @throws Exception
*/
public JSONObject send(String fileType, String filePath) throws Exception {
String result = null;
File file = new File(filePath);
if (!file.exists() || !file.isFile()) {
throw new IOException("文件不存在");
}
String token=getTokenFromWx();
/**
* 第一部分
*/
URL urlObj = new URL("https://qyapi.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/media/upload?access_token="+ token
+ "&type="+fileType+"");
HttpURLConnection con = (HttpURLConnection) urlObj.openConnection();
con.setRequestMethod("POST"); // 以Post方式提交表单。默认get方式
con.setDoInput(true);
con.setDoOutput(true);
con.setUseCaches(false); // post方式不能使用缓存
// 设置请求头信息
con.setRequestProperty("Connection", "Keep-Alive");
con.setRequestProperty("Charset", "UTF-8");
// 设置边界
String BOUNDARY = "----------" + System.currentTimeMillis();
con.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "multipart/form-data; boundary="+ BOUNDARY);
// 请求正文信息
// 第一部分:
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
sb.append("--"); // 必须多两道线
sb.append(BOUNDARY);
sb.append("\r\n");
sb.append("Content-Disposition: form-data;name=\"media\";filename=\""+ file.getName() + "\"\r\n");
sb.append("Content-Type:application/octet-stream\r\n\r\n");
byte[] head = sb.toString().getBytes("utf-8");
// 获得输出流
OutputStream out = new DataOutputStream(con.getOutputStream());
// 输出表头
out.write(head);
// 文件正文部分
// 把文件已流文件的方式 推入到url中
DataInputStream in = new DataInputStream(new FileInputStream(file));
int bytes = 0;
byte[] bufferOut = new byte[1024];
while ((bytes = in.read(bufferOut)) != -1) {
out.write(bufferOut, 0, bytes);
}
in.close();
// 结尾部分
byte[] foot = ("\r\n--" + BOUNDARY + "--\r\n").getBytes("utf-8");// 定义最后数据分隔线
out.write(foot);
out.flush();
out.close();
StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();
BufferedReader reader = null;
try {
// 定义BufferedReader输入流来读取URL的响应
reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(con.getInputStream()));
String line = null;
while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
//System.out.println(line);
buffer.append(line);
}
if(result==null){
result = buffer.toString();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
System.out.println("发送POST请求出现异常!
" + e); e.printStackTrace(); throw new IOException("数据读取异常"); } finally { if(reader!=null){ reader.close(); } } JSONObject jsonObj =JSONObject.fromObject(result); return jsonObj; }