查询条件字段做运算优化

 

对字段做函数和运算完后无法使用索引。这么做的话，让优化器对字段产生歧义，不知道如何选择索引。因为这时候并没有一个concat(year_id,'-',month_id)这样的字段

 

 
  
  1. mysql> explain select * from  data_market.mkt_order_by_month_userid_type where  concat(year_id,'-',if(month_id<10,'0',''),month_id)='2011-09'; 
  2.  
  3. +----+-------------+--------------------------------+------+---------------+------+---------+------+---------+-------------+ 
  4.  
  5. | id | select_type | table                          | type | possible_keys | key  | key_len | ref  | rows    | Extra       | 
  6.  
  7. +----+-------------+--------------------------------+------+---------------+------+---------+------+---------+-------------+ 
  8.  
  9. |  1 | SIMPLE      | mkt_order_by_month_userid_type | ALL  | NULL          | NULL | NULL    | NULL | 3673176 | Using where | 
  10.  
  11. +----+-------------+--------------------------------+------+---------------+------+---------+------+---------+-------------+ 
  12.  
  13. 1 row in set (0.00 sec) 
  14.  
  15.  
  16.  
  17. mysql> explain select * from  data_market.mkt_order_by_month_userid_type where  concat(year_id,'-',month_id)='2011-09'; 
  18.  
  19. +----+-------------+--------------------------------+------+---------------+------+---------+------+---------+-------------+ 
  20.  
  21. | id | select_type | table                          | type | possible_keys | key  | key_len | ref  | rows    | Extra       | 
  22.  
  23. +----+-------------+--------------------------------+------+---------------+------+---------+------+---------+-------------+ 
  24.  
  25. |  1 | SIMPLE      | mkt_order_by_month_userid_type | ALL  | NULL          | NULL | NULL    | NULL | 3673176 | Using where | 
  26.  
  27. +----+-------------+--------------------------------+------+---------------+------+---------+------+---------+-------------+ 
  28.  
  29. 1 row in set (0.00 sec) 
 
  
 
 
  
优化方法，对要传入的值做函数操作
 
  
 
 
  
 
  
  1. mysql> explain select * from  data_market.mkt_order_by_month_userid_type where  year_id=substring('2011-09',1,4) and month_id = substring('2011-09',6,2); 
  2.  
  3. +----+-------------+--------------------------------+------+---------------+---------+---------+-------------+--------+-------+ 
  4.  
  5. | id | select_type | table                          | type | possible_keys | key     | key_len | ref         | rows   | Extra | 
  6.  
  7. +----+-------------+--------------------------------+------+---------------+---------+---------+-------------+--------+-------+ 
  8.  
  9. |  1 | SIMPLE      | mkt_order_by_month_userid_type | ref  | year_id       | year_id | 8       | const,const | 377128 |       | 
  10.  
  11. +----+-------------+--------------------------------+------+---------------+---------+---------+-------------+--------+-------+