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package  com.sun.xml;
 
import  java.io.File;
import  java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import  java.io.FileOutputStream;
import  java.io.IOException;
import  java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import  java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
 
import  javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;
import  javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
import  javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException;
import  javax.xml.transform.OutputKeys;
import  javax.xml.transform.Transformer;
import  javax.xml.transform.TransformerException;
import  javax.xml.transform.TransformerFactory;
import  javax.xml.transform.dom.DOMSource;
import  javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamResult;
 
import  org.w3c.dom.Document;
import  org.w3c.dom.Element;
import  org.w3c.dom.Node;
import  org.w3c.dom.NodeList;
import  org.w3c.dom.Text;
import  org.xml.sax.SAXException;
 
public  class  ReadXml {
     public  static  void  main(String[] args)  throws  ParserConfigurationException, TransformerException {
         Document document=read( "C:\\Users\\Administrator\\Desktop\\bookstore1.xml" );
         String path= "C:\\Users\\Administrator\\Desktop\\bookstore1.xml" ;
         addNode(document, path,  "张三" );
     }
     public  static  Document  read(String path)  throws  ParserConfigurationException, TransformerException{
         Document document= null ;
         DocumentBuilderFactory bf=DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
         DocumentBuilder builder=bf.newDocumentBuilder();
         File file= new  File(path);
         try  {
             document= builder.parse(file);
             //得到值为title的标签，返回的是集合
             NodeList nodeList=document.getElementsByTagName( "title" );      
             for ( int  i= 0 ;i<nodeList.getLength();i++){
                 Node node=nodeList.item(i);
                 String string=node.getTextContent();
                 System.out.println(string);
                 updateXmlNode(document, node,  "sssss" , path);
             }
             
         }  catch  (SAXException | IOException e) {
             // TODO Auto-generated catch block
             e.printStackTrace();
         }
         return  document;
     }
     public  static  void  updateXmlNode(Document document,Node node,String text,String path)  throws  TransformerException, UnsupportedEncodingException, FileNotFoundException{
         node.setTextContent(text);
         writeToFile(document, path);
     }
     
     public  static  void  addNode(Document document,String path,String text){
         Text text2=document.createTextNode(text);
         Text text3=document.createTextNode(text);
         Text text4=document.createTextNode(text);
         
         Element element=document.createElement( "book" );
         Element element2=document.createElement( "title" );
         Element element3=document.createElement( "author" );
     
         Element element4=document.createElement( "price" );
         
         element2.appendChild(text2);
         element3.appendChild(text3);
         element4.appendChild(text4);
         element.appendChild(element2);
         element.appendChild(element3);
         element.appendChild(element4);
         NodeList nodeList= document.getElementsByTagName( "bookstore" ); 
         Node node=nodeList.item( 0 );
         node.appendChild(element);
         try  {
             writeToFile(document, path);
         }  catch  (UnsupportedEncodingException | FileNotFoundException
                 | TransformerException e) {
             // TODO Auto-generated catch block
             e.printStackTrace();
         }
     }
     
     public  static  void  writeToFile(Document document,String path)  throws  TransformerException, UnsupportedEncodingException, FileNotFoundException{
         TransformerFactory transformerFactory=TransformerFactory.newInstance();
         Transformer transformer=transformerFactory.newTransformer();
         /*
          * 格式化输出xml文档，换行和缩进*/
           transformer.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.INDENT, "yes");  
         transformer.setOutputProperty("{http://xml.apache.org/xslt}indent-amount", "4");
         //transformer.transform(new DOMSource(document), new StreamResult(path));
         /*
          * 设置输出流的编码为UTF-8*/
         OutputStreamWriter oWriter= new  OutputStreamWriter( new  FileOutputStream( new  File(path)), "UTF-8" );
         document.setXmlStandalone( true );
         transformer.transform( new  DOMSource(document), new  StreamResult(oWriter));
     }
}


xml文件如下：

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<?xml version= "1.0"  encoding= "utf-8" ?>
  <bookstore>
    <!--记录书本的信息-->
    <book>
     <title>数据结构</title>
     <author>严蔚敏</author>
     <price> 30.00 </price>
   </book>
</bookstore>