PHPUnit入门篇

PHPUnit是什么？

它是一款轻量级的php测试框架

为什么要用PHPUnit？

1. facebook在用

2. 可以通过命令操控测试脚本

3. 可以测试性能

4. 可以测试代码覆盖率

5. 可以自动化的更新测试用例的参数数据

6. 各种格式的日志

6. 最最重要的是，功能如此炫，使用起来还特别简单

PHPUnit的安装

1 pear channel-discover pear.phpunit.de  
2 pear install phpunit/PHPUnit  

快速入门

 1 <?php  
 2 require_once 'PHPUnit/Framework.php';  
 3    
 4 class ArrayTest extends PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase  
 5 {  
 6     public function testNewArrayIsEmpty()  
 7     {  
 8         // 创建数组fixture。  
 9         $fixture = array();  
10    
11         // 断言数组fixture的尺寸是0。  
12         $this->assertEquals(0, sizeof($fixture));  
13     }  
14 }  
15 ?>  

1. ArrayTest为测试类

2. ArrayTest 继承于PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase

3.测试方法testNewArrayIsEmpty()，测试方法必须为public权限，一般以test开头，或者你也可以选择给其加注释@test来表明该函数为测试函数

1 public function testNewArrayIsEmpty()  
2 {  
3      $fixture = array();  
4      $this->assertEquals(0, sizeof($fixture));  
5 }  

命令行启动测试

phpunit  测试文件名，此处为要测试ArrayTest.php文件

1 phpunit ArrayTest  
2 PHPUnit 3.2.10 by Sebastian Bergmann.  
3 ..  
4 Time: 0 seconds  
5 OK (2 tests)  

命令行参数

 1 phpunit --help  
 2 PHPUnit 3.2.10 by Sebastian Bergmann.  
 3   
 4 Usage: phpunit [switches] UnitTest [UnitTest.php]  
 5   
 6   --log-graphviz <file>  Log test execution in GraphViz markup.  
 7   --log-json <file>      Log test execution in JSON format.  
 8   --log-tap <file>       Log test execution in TAP format to file.  
 9   --log-xml <file>       Log test execution in XML format to file.  
10   --log-metrics <file>   Write metrics report in XML format.  
11   --log-pmd <file>       Write violations report in PMD XML format.  
12   
13   --coverage-html <dir>  Generate code coverage report in HTML format.  
14   --coverage-xml <file>  Write code coverage information in XML format.  
15   
16   --test-db-dsn <dsn>    DSN for the test database.  
17   --test-db-log-rev <r>  Revision information for database logging.  
18   --test-db-prefix ...   Prefix that should be stripped from filenames.  
19   --test-db-log-info ... Additional information for database logging.  
20   
21   --testdox-html <file>  Write agile documentation in HTML format to file.  
22   --testdox-text <file>  Write agile documentation in Text format to file.  
23   
24   --filter <pattern>     Filter which tests to run.  
25   --group ...            Only runs tests from the specified group(s).  
26   --exclude-group ...    Exclude tests from the specified group(s).  
27   
28   --loader <loader>      TestSuiteLoader implementation to use.  
29   --repeat <times>       Runs the test(s) repeatedly.  
30   
31   --tap                  Report test execution progress in TAP format.  
32   --testdox              Report test execution progress in TestDox format.  
33   
34   --no-syntax-check      Disable syntax check of test source files.  
35   --stop-on-failure      Stop execution upon first error or failure.  
36   --verbose              Output more verbose information.  
37   --wait                 Waits for a keystroke after each test.  
38   
39   --skeleton             Generate skeleton UnitTest class for Unit in Unit.php.  
40   
41   --help                 Prints this usage information.  
42   --version              Prints the version and exits.  
43   
44   --configuration <file> Read configuration from XML file.  
45   -d key[=value]         Sets a php.ini value.  

高级功能

你是否已经厌烦了在每一个测试方法命名前面加一个test，是否因为只是调用的参数不同，却要写多个测试用例而纠结？我最喜欢的高级功能，现在隆重推荐给你，叫做框架生成器

1 <?php  
2 class Calculator  
3 {  
4     public function add($a, $b)  
5     {  
6         return $a + $b;  
7     }  
8 }  
9 ?>  

命令行启动测试用例

1 phpunit --skeleton Calculator  
2 PHPUnit 3.2.10 by Sebastian Bergmann.  
3   
4 Wrote test class skeleton for Calculator to CalculatorTest.php.  

简单么？简单，但是它其实没有什么意义，因为没有测试数据，怎样加数据，哦哦哦，重头戏来了

 1 <?php  
 2 class Calculator  
 3 {  
 4       
 5     public function add($a, $b)  
 6     {  
 7         return $a + $b;  
 8     }  
 9 }  
10 ?>  

原始类中的每个方法都进行@assert注解的检测。这些被转变为测试代码，像这样
   
    public function testAdd() {
        $o = new Calculator;
        $this->assertEquals(0, $o->add(0, 0));
    }
下面是运行生成的测试用例类的输出。

1 phpunit CalculatorTest  
2 PHPUnit 3.2.10 by Sebastian Bergmann.  
3   
4 ....  
5   
6 Time: 0 seconds  
7   
8   
9 OK (4 tests)  

 

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/jiamei/archive/2011/12/09/2281788.html