servlet3.0之异步Serlvet

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在服务器的并发请求数量比较大的时候,会产生很多的servlet线程(这些servlet线程在servlet容器的线程池中维护),如果每个请求需要耗费的时间比较长(比如,执行了一些IO的处理等),在之前的非异步的servlet中,这些servlet线程将会阻塞,严重耗费服务器的资源.而在servlet3.0中首次出现的异步servlet,通过一个单独的新的线程来执行这些比较耗时的任务(也可以把这些任务放到一个自己维护的线程池里),servlet线程立即返回servlet容器的servlet池以便响应其他请求,这样,在降低了系统的资源消耗的同时,也会提升系统的吞吐量

 tomcat里面的一个Example:

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package async;

import java.io.IOException;

import javax.servlet.AsyncContext;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.apache.juli.logging.Log;
import org.apache.juli.logging.LogFactory;

public class Async0 extends HttpServlet {

    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

    private static final Log log = LogFactory.getLog(Async0.class);

    @Override
    protected void service(final HttpServletRequest req, final HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        if (Boolean.TRUE.equals(req.getAttribute("dispatch"))) {
            log.info("Received dispatch, completing on the worker thread.");
            log.info("After complete called started:"+req.isAsyncStarted());
            resp.getWriter().write("Async dispatch worked:+"+System.currentTimeMillis()+"\n");
        } else {
            resp.setContentType("text/plain");
            final AsyncContext actx = req.startAsync();
            actx.setTimeout(Long.MAX_VALUE);
            Runnable run = new Runnable() {
                @Override
                public void run() {
                    try {
                        req.setAttribute("dispatch", Boolean.TRUE);
                        Thread.currentThread().setName("Async0-Thread");
                        log.info("Putting AsyncThread to sleep");
                        Thread.sleep(2*1000);
                        log.info("Dispatching");
                        actx.dispatch();
                    }catch (InterruptedException x) {
                        log.error("Async1",x);
                    }catch (IllegalStateException x) {
                        log.error("Async1",x);
                    }
                }
            };
            Thread t = new Thread(run);
            t.start();
        }
    }
}

值得一提的是,异步的servlet并不会使客户端的访问速度加快,只是提升了服务器端的处理性能,减轻了服务器端的资源消耗,使得服务器端使用比较少的线程就能处理大量的连接,所以这个特性要在合适的场景下使用才可以

另外,异步的servlet的编程模型要比之前的servlet复杂许多,这也是在开发的时候需要注意的,jetty的continuations也提供了类似的功能,并且提供了简化的编程模型,在任何支持servlet3.0的容器里都可以运行(不是只能在jetty中运行),我们项目组开发的针对安卓客户端的消息推送服务器就使用到了jetty的这个机制,在之后的文章里总结一下

 

参考文章：

1、https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/22018499?refer=tomcat

2、http://www.cnblogs.com/jiaoyiping/p/5979242.html

3、tomcat里面的example(如下图)

 

转载于:https://my.oschina.net/u/2338224/blog/1162888