由于最近要用的是XML格式的字符串,而不用写到文件中,所以对原始代码进行了修改如下:
要读的xml文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="GB2312"?>
<学生花名册>
<学生 性别 = "男">
<姓名>李华</姓名>
<年龄>14</年龄>
</学生>
<学生 性别 = "男">
<姓名>张三</姓名>
<年龄>16</年龄>
</学生>
</学生花名册>
import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.Vector;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
import javax.xml.transform.OutputKeys;
import javax.xml.transform.Result;
import javax.xml.transform.Source;
import javax.xml.transform.Transformer;
import javax.xml.transform.TransformerConfigurationException;
import javax.xml.transform.TransformerException;
import javax.xml.transform.TransformerFactory;
import javax.xml.transform.dom.DOMSource;
import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamResult;
import org.w3c.dom.Document;
import org.w3c.dom.Element;
import org.w3c.dom.Node;
import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;
import org.w3c.dom.Text;
public class DomTest {
Vector students_Vector;
private Vector readXMLFile(String file) throws Exception {
DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
DocumentBuilder builder = dbf.newDocumentBuilder();
Document doc = builder.parse(file); // 获取到xml文件
// 下面开始读取
Element root = doc.getDocumentElement(); // 获取根元素
NodeList students = root.getElementsByTagName("学生");
students_Vector = new Vector();
for (int i = 0; i < students.getLength(); i++) {
// 一次取得每一个学生元素
Element ss = (Element) students.item(i);
// 创建一个学生的实例
student stu = new student();
stu.setSex(ss.getAttribute("性别"));
NodeList names = ss.getElementsByTagName("姓名");
Element e = (Element) names.item(0);
Node t = e.getFirstChild();
stu.setName(t.getNodeValue());
NodeList ages = ss.getElementsByTagName("年龄");
e = (Element) ages.item(0);
t = e.getFirstChild();
stu.setAge(Integer.parseInt(t.getNodeValue()));
students_Vector.add(stu);
}
return students_Vector;
}
/**
* 功能:直接提取XML格式字符串中的信息
*/
private Vector readXMLString(String xmlStr) throws Exception {
DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
DocumentBuilder builder = dbf.newDocumentBuilder();
InputStream inputStream = new ByteArrayInputStream(xmlStr.getBytes());
Document doc = builder.parse(inputStream); //
// 下面开始读取
Element root = doc.getDocumentElement(); // 获取根元素
NodeList students = root.getElementsByTagName("学生");
students_Vector = new Vector();
for (int i = 0; i < students.getLength(); i++) {
// 一次取得每一个学生元素
Element ss = (Element) students.item(i);
// 创建一个学生的实例
student stu = new student();
stu.setSex(ss.getAttribute("性别"));
NodeList names = ss.getElementsByTagName("姓名");
Element e = (Element) names.item(0);
Node t = e.getFirstChild();
stu.setName(t.getNodeValue());
NodeList ages = ss.getElementsByTagName("年龄");
e = (Element) ages.item(0);
t = e.getFirstChild();
stu.setAge(Integer.parseInt(t.getNodeValue()));
students_Vector.add(stu);
}
return students_Vector;
}
// 将Document内容 写入XML字符串并返回
private String callWriteXmlString(Document doc, String encoding) {
try {
Source source = new DOMSource(doc);
ByteArrayOutputStream outStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
OutputStreamWriter write = new OutputStreamWriter(outStream);
Result result = new StreamResult(write);
Transformer xformer = TransformerFactory.newInstance()
.newTransformer();
xformer.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.ENCODING, encoding);
xformer.transform(source, result);
return outStream.toString();
} catch (TransformerConfigurationException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return null;
} catch (TransformerException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return null;
}
}
/**
* 功能:生成XML格式的字符串
*/
public String writeXMLString() {
DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
DocumentBuilder builder = null;
try {
builder = dbf.newDocumentBuilder();
} catch (Exception e) {
}
Document doc = builder.newDocument();
Element root = doc.createElement("学生花名册");
doc.appendChild(root); // 将根元素添加到文档上
// 获取学生信息
for (int i = 0; i < students_Vector.size(); i++) {
student s = (student) students_Vector.get(i);
// 创建一个学生
Element stu = doc.createElement("学生");
stu.setAttribute("性别", s.getSex());
root.appendChild(stu);// 添加属性
// 创建文本姓名节点
Element name = doc.createElement("姓名");
stu.appendChild(name);
Text tname = doc.createTextNode(s.getName());
name.appendChild(tname);
// 创建文本年龄节点
Element age = doc.createElement("年龄");
stu.appendChild(age); // 将age添加到学生节点上
Text tage = doc.createTextNode(String.valueOf(s.getAge()));
age.appendChild(tage); // 将文本节点放在age节点上
}
try {
String result = callWriteXmlString(doc, "gb2312");
return result;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return null;
}
}
/**
* 主函数
*/
public static void main(String args[]) {
String str = "xml\\student.xml";
DomTest t = new DomTest();
System.out.println("解析原始XML文件:");
try {
Vector v = t.readXMLFile(str);
Iterator it = v.iterator();
while (it.hasNext()) {
student s = (student) it.next();
System.out.println(s.getName() + "\t" + s.getAge() + "\t"
+ s.getSex());
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
String xmlStr = t.writeXMLString();
System.out.println("\n生成的XML字符串:\n" + xmlStr);
try {
Vector v = t.readXMLString(xmlStr);
Iterator it = v.iterator();
System.out.println("\n解析生成的XML字符串:");
while (it.hasNext()) {
student s = (student) it.next();
System.out.println(s.getName() + "\t" + s.getAge() + "\t"
+ s.getSex());
}
} catch (Exception e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
class student {
private String sex;
private String name;
private int age;
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
public void setSex(String s) {
sex = s;
}
public String getSex() {
return sex;
}
public void setName(String n) {
name = n;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
}
输出:
解析原始XML文件:
李华 14 男
张三 16 男
生成的XML字符串:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="GB2312" standalone="no"?><学生花名册><学生 性别="男"><姓名>李华</姓名><年龄>14</年龄></学生><学生 性别="男"><姓名>张三</姓名><年龄>16</年龄></学生></学生花名册>
解析生成的XML字符串:
李华 14 男
张三 16 男