1.开发环境中修改模型,在DbContext中加入静态构造函数,并设置初始化模式:
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/8f900a89c6347c561fdf2122f13be562.gif)
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/961ddebeb323a10fe0623af514929fc1.gif)
static DemoDbContext() { Database.SetInitializer(new DropCreateDatabaseIfModelChanges<DemoDbContext>()); }
如果是Mysql,需要在DbContext加上 [DbConfigurationType(typeof(MySql.Data.Entity.MySqlEFConfiguration))] 属性,否则操作数据库时会报错,更改结束后,注释掉就可以了
新增类时需要在DbContext添加该类的引用属性,如:新增Department类:
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/8f900a89c6347c561fdf2122f13be562.gif)
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/961ddebeb323a10fe0623af514929fc1.gif)
public DbSet<Department> Departments { get; set; }
2.生成环境中数据迁移
2.1 首先安装 Enitity Framework:Install-Package EntityFramework
2.2 修改DbContext静态构造函数:
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/8f900a89c6347c561fdf2122f13be562.gif)
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/961ddebeb323a10fe0623af514929fc1.gif)
static DemoDbContext() { Database.SetInitializer<DemoDbContext>(null); }
2.3 在程序包管理器控制台,执行语句:
PM> Enable-Migrations -EnableAutomaticMigrations
这时会在工程下建立文件夹:Migrations 和 Configuration.cs 文件
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/8f900a89c6347c561fdf2122f13be562.gif)
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/961ddebeb323a10fe0623af514929fc1.gif)
internal sealed class Configuration : DbMigrationsConfiguration<MvcDemo.DAL.DemoDbContext> { public Configuration() { AutomaticMigrationsEnabled = true; } protected override void Seed(MvcDemo.DAL.DemoDbContext context) { // This method will be called after migrating to the latest version. // You can use the DbSet<T>.AddOrUpdate() helper extension method // to avoid creating duplicate seed data. E.g. // // context.People.AddOrUpdate( // p => p.FullName, // new Person { FullName = "Andrew Peters" }, // new Person { FullName = "Brice Lambson" }, // new Person { FullName = "Rowan Miller" } // ); // } }
2.4 执行语句:(为测试效果,删除了Student类中的Email和Score属性)
PM> Add-Migration InitialCreate
此时会自动生成InitialCreate类:
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/8f900a89c6347c561fdf2122f13be562.gif)
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/961ddebeb323a10fe0623af514929fc1.gif)
using System; using System.Data.Entity.Migrations; public partial class InitialCreate : DbMigration { public override void Up() { DropColumn("dbo.Student", "Email"); DropColumn("dbo.Student", "Score"); } public override void Down() { AddColumn("dbo.Student", "Score", c => c.Double(nullable: false)); AddColumn("dbo.Student", "Email", c => c.String(unicode: false)); } }
2.5 执行语句:Update-Database -Verbose 更改即应用到数据库中
2.6 新增类(表)
2.6.1 新增类 City,并在DbContext类中引用实例
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/8f900a89c6347c561fdf2122f13be562.gif)
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/961ddebeb323a10fe0623af514929fc1.gif)
public class City { public string ID { get; set; } public string Name { get; set; } }
2.6.2 执行语句
PM> Add-Migration AddCity
2.6.3 执行语句
PM> Update-Database -Verbose
查看数据,City表已经添加
3. 参考资料
4.源码