小试一题

来看看这道爱因斯坦出的智商测试题：他说世界上有98%的人回答不出, 看看你是否属于另外的2%：

有5栋5种颜色的房子，每一位房子的主人国籍都不同。这5个人每人只喝一个牌子的饮料，只抽一个牌子的香烟，只养一种宠物。没有人有相同的宠物，抽相同牌子的香烟，喝相同的饮料。
已知：

1.英国人住在红房子里
2.瑞典人养了一条狗
3.丹麦人喝茶
4.绿房子在白房子左边
5.绿房子主人喝咖啡
6.抽PALL MALL烟的人养了一只鸟
7.黄房子主人抽DUNHILL烟
8.住在中间那间房子的人喝牛奶
9.挪威人住在第一间房子
10.抽混合烟的人住在养猫人的旁边
11.养马人住在DUNHILL烟的人旁边
12.抽BLUE MASTER烟的人喝啤酒
13.德国人抽PRINCE烟
14.挪威人住在蓝房子旁边
15.抽混合烟的人的邻居喝矿泉水

问题是: 谁养鱼？
看看你是不是在那2％里？

我没仔细想，就想写个程序来解决，但发现不好建立数据模型，所以就写了个模型工具来模拟。

using  System;
using  System.Drawing;

namespace  Country.Study
{
    public enum Nationalities
    {
        None =0,
        England,
        Sweden,
        Danmark,
        Norway,
        Germany,        
    }
    public enum Pets
    {
        None =0,
        Dog,
        Bird,
        Horse,
        Cat,
        Fish,
    }

    public enum HoseColors
    {
        None =0,
        Red,
        Green,
        Yellow,
        Blue,
        White,
    }

    public enum Tobaccos
    {
        None =0,
        PALL_MALL,
        DUNHILL,
        BLUE_MASTER,
        PRINCE,
        Compound,
    }

    public enum Beverages
    {
        None = 0,
        Tea,
        Coffee,
        Milk,
        Spring,
        Beer,
    }
    /**//// <summary>
    /// Summary description for Puzzle.
    /// </summary>
    public class Puzzle
    {
        public Puzzle()
        {
            //
            // TODO: Add constructor logic here
            //
        }
    }
    //
    [System.ComponentModel.TypeConverter(typeof(System.ComponentModel.ExpandableObjectConverter))]
    public class Person
    {
        public event EventHandler OnProperChanged;
        private Nationalities _Nationality;
        private HoseColors _HouseColor;
        private Tobaccos _Tobacco;
        private Beverages _Beverage;
        private Pets _Pet;
        //
        [System.ComponentModel.Category("Properties")]
        public Nationalities Nationality
        {
            get{return this._Nationality;}
            set{this._Nationality = value;this.FireEvent();}
        }
        [System.ComponentModel.Category("Properties")]
        public HoseColors HouseColor
        {
            get{return this._HouseColor;}
            set{this._HouseColor = value;this.FireEvent();}
        }
        [System.ComponentModel.Category("Properties")]
        public Tobaccos Tobacco
        {
            get{return this._Tobacco;}
            set{this._Tobacco = value;this.FireEvent();}
        }
        [System.ComponentModel.Category("Properties")]
        public Beverages Beverage
        {
            get{return this._Beverage;}
            set{this._Beverage = value;this.FireEvent();}
        }
        [System.ComponentModel.Category("Properties")]
        public Pets Pet
        {
            get{return this._Pet;}
            set{this._Pet = value;this.FireEvent();}
        }

        [System.ComponentModel.Category("Event")]
        public bool Reset
        {
            get{return false;}
            set
            {
                this._Beverage = Beverages.None;
                this._HouseColor = HoseColors.None;
                this._Nationality = Nationalities.None;
                this._Pet = Pets.None;
                this._Tobacco = Tobaccos.None;
                this.FireEvent();
            }
        }

        [System.ComponentModel.Browsable(false)]
        public System.Drawing.Color    Color
        {
            get
            {
                switch(this._HouseColor)
                {
                    default:
                    case HoseColors.None:
                        return SystemColors.Control;
                    case HoseColors.Blue:
                        return Color.Blue;
                    case HoseColors.Green:
                        return Color.Green;
                    case HoseColors.Red:
                        return Color.Red;
                    case HoseColors.White:
                        return Color.White;
                    case HoseColors.Yellow:
                        return Color.Yellow;
                }
            }
        }
        //
        public Person()
        {
            this._Beverage = Beverages.None;
            this._HouseColor = HoseColors.None;
            this._Nationality = Nationalities.None;
            this._Pet = Pets.None;
            this._Tobacco = Tobaccos.None;
        }
        public override string ToString()
        {
            //return base.ToString ();
            return string.Format(@"Nationality:{0}
House Color:{1}
Pet:{2}
Tobacco:{3}
Beverage:{4}",this.Nationality,this.HouseColor,this.Pet,this.Tobacco,this.Beverage);
        }

        private void FireEvent()
        {
            if(this.OnProperChanged!=null)
            {
                this.OnProperChanged(this,null);
            }
        }
    }
    //
}

using  System;
using  System.Collections;
using  System.ComponentModel;
using  System.Drawing;
using  System.Data;
using  System.Windows.Forms;

namespace  Country.Study
{
    /**//// <summary>
    /// Summary description for PersonControl.
    /// </summary>
    public class PersonControl : System.Windows.Forms.UserControl
    {
        private Person _Person;// = new Person();
        public Person Person
        {
            get
            {
                return this._Person;
            }
        }
        private int _LastX = 0;
        private int _LastY = 0;
        private bool _MousDown = false;
        /**//// <summary> 
        /// Required designer variable.
        /// </summary>
        private System.ComponentModel.Container components = null;

        public PersonControl()
        {
            // This call is required by the Windows.Forms Form Designer.
            InitializeComponent();

            // TODO: Add any initialization after the InitializeComponent call
            this._Person = new Person();
            this._Person.OnProperChanged +=new EventHandler(_Person_OnProperChanged);

        }

        /**//// <summary> 
        /// Clean up any resources being used.
        /// </summary>
        protected override void Dispose( bool disposing )
        {
            if( disposing )
            {
                if(components != null)
                {
                    components.Dispose();
                }
            }
            base.Dispose( disposing );
        }

        Component Designer generated code#region Component Designer generated code
        /**//// <summary> 
        /// Required method for Designer support - do not modify 
        /// the contents of this method with the code editor.
        /// </summary>
        private void InitializeComponent()
        {
            components = new System.ComponentModel.Container();
        }
        #endregion

        protected override void OnMouseDown(MouseEventArgs e)
        {
            base.OnMouseDown (e);
            this._MousDown = true;
            this._LastX = e.X;
            this._LastY = e.Y;
            Cursor.Current = Cursors.Hand;
        }
        protected override void OnMouseUp(MouseEventArgs e)
        {
            base.OnMouseUp (e);
            this._MousDown = false;
            Cursor.Current = Cursors.Default;
        }
        protected override void OnMouseMove(MouseEventArgs e)
        {
            base.OnMouseMove (e);
            if(!this._MousDown) return;
            this.Left += e.X - this._LastX;
            this.Top += e.Y - this._LastY;
        }

        protected override void OnPaint(PaintEventArgs e)
        {
            //base.OnPaint (e);
            //e.Graphics.Clear(Color.Black);
            Rectangle m_Rec = new Rectangle(1,1,this.Width-2,this.Height-2);
            e.Graphics.DrawRectangle(Pens.Black,m_Rec);
            e.Graphics.DrawString(this.Person.ToString(),this.Font,Brushes.Black,m_Rec);
            base.OnPaint (e);
        }

        private void _Person_OnProperChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            this.BackColor = this.Person.Color;
            this.Refresh();
        }
    }
}

using  System;
using  System.Drawing;
using  System.Collections;
using  System.ComponentModel;
using  System.Windows.Forms;

namespace  Country.Study
{
    /**//// <summary>
    /// Summary description for Form5.
    /// </summary>
    public class Form5 : System.Windows.Forms.Form
    {
        private Country.Study.PersonControl personControl1;
        private System.Windows.Forms.PropertyGrid propertyGrid1;
        private Country.Study.PersonControl personControl2;
        private Country.Study.PersonControl personControl3;
        private Country.Study.PersonControl personControl4;
        private Country.Study.PersonControl personControl5;
        private System.Windows.Forms.Splitter splitter1;
        private System.Windows.Forms.Panel panel1;
        /**//// <summary>
        /// Required designer variable.
        /// </summary>
        private System.ComponentModel.Container components = null;

        public Form5()
        {
            //
            // Required for Windows Form Designer support
            //
            InitializeComponent();

            //
            // TODO: Add any constructor code after InitializeComponent call
            //
        }

        /**//// <summary>
        /// Clean up any resources being used.
        /// </summary>
        protected override void Dispose( bool disposing )
        {
            if( disposing )
            {
                if(components != null)
                {
                    components.Dispose();
                }
            }
            base.Dispose( disposing );
        }

        Windows Form Designer generated code#region Windows Form Designer generated code
        /**//// <summary>
        /// Required method for Designer support - do not modify
        /// the contents of this method with the code editor.
        /// </summary>
        private void InitializeComponent()
        {
            this.personControl1 = new Country.Study.PersonControl();
            this.propertyGrid1 = new System.Windows.Forms.PropertyGrid();
            this.personControl2 = new Country.Study.PersonControl();
            this.personControl3 = new Country.Study.PersonControl();
            this.personControl4 = new Country.Study.PersonControl();
            this.personControl5 = new Country.Study.PersonControl();
            this.splitter1 = new System.Windows.Forms.Splitter();
            this.panel1 = new System.Windows.Forms.Panel();
            this.panel1.SuspendLayout();
            this.SuspendLayout();
            // 
            // personControl1
            // 
            this.personControl1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(8, 8);
            this.personControl1.Name = "personControl1";
            this.personControl1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(152, 88);
            this.personControl1.TabIndex = 0;
            this.personControl1.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.personControl1_Click);
            // 
            // propertyGrid1
            // 
            this.propertyGrid1.CommandsVisibleIfAvailable = true;
            this.propertyGrid1.Dock = System.Windows.Forms.DockStyle.Bottom;
            this.propertyGrid1.LargeButtons = true;
            this.propertyGrid1.LineColor = System.Drawing.SystemColors.ScrollBar;
            this.propertyGrid1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(0, 253);
            this.propertyGrid1.Name = "propertyGrid1";
            this.propertyGrid1.PropertySort = System.Windows.Forms.PropertySort.Categorized;
            this.propertyGrid1.RightToLeft = System.Windows.Forms.RightToLeft.No;
            this.propertyGrid1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(824, 216);
            this.propertyGrid1.TabIndex = 1;
            this.propertyGrid1.Text = "propertyGrid1";
            this.propertyGrid1.ToolbarVisible = false;
            this.propertyGrid1.ViewBackColor = System.Drawing.SystemColors.Window;
            this.propertyGrid1.ViewForeColor = System.Drawing.SystemColors.WindowText;
            // 
            // personControl2
            // 
            this.personControl2.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(328, 8);
            this.personControl2.Name = "personControl2";
            this.personControl2.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(152, 88);
            this.personControl2.TabIndex = 0;
            this.personControl2.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.personControl1_Click);
            // 
            // personControl3
            // 
            this.personControl3.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(168, 8);
            this.personControl3.Name = "personControl3";
            this.personControl3.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(152, 88);
            this.personControl3.TabIndex = 0;
            this.personControl3.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.personControl1_Click);
            // 
            // personControl4
            // 
            this.personControl4.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(656, 16);
            this.personControl4.Name = "personControl4";
            this.personControl4.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(152, 88);
            this.personControl4.TabIndex = 0;
            this.personControl4.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.personControl1_Click);
            // 
            // personControl5
            // 
            this.personControl5.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(496, 8);
            this.personControl5.Name = "personControl5";
            this.personControl5.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(152, 88);
            this.personControl5.TabIndex = 0;
            this.personControl5.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.personControl1_Click);
            // 
            // splitter1
            // 
            this.splitter1.Dock = System.Windows.Forms.DockStyle.Bottom;
            this.splitter1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(0, 250);
            this.splitter1.Name = "splitter1";
            this.splitter1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(824, 3);
            this.splitter1.TabIndex = 2;
            this.splitter1.TabStop = false;
            // 
            // panel1
            // 
            this.panel1.Controls.Add(this.personControl4);
            this.panel1.Controls.Add(this.personControl1);
            this.panel1.Controls.Add(this.personControl5);
            this.panel1.Controls.Add(this.personControl2);
            this.panel1.Controls.Add(this.personControl3);
            this.panel1.Dock = System.Windows.Forms.DockStyle.Fill;
            this.panel1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(0, 0);
            this.panel1.Name = "panel1";
            this.panel1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(824, 250);
            this.panel1.TabIndex = 3;
            // 
            // Form5
            // 
            this.AutoScaleBaseSize = new System.Drawing.Size(7, 16);
            this.ClientSize = new System.Drawing.Size(824, 469);
            this.Controls.Add(this.panel1);
            this.Controls.Add(this.splitter1);
            this.Controls.Add(this.propertyGrid1);
            this.Font = new System.Drawing.Font("Verdana", 9.75F, System.Drawing.FontStyle.Regular, System.Drawing.GraphicsUnit.Point, ((System.Byte)(0)));
            this.Name = "Form5";
            this.Text = "Form5";
            this.panel1.ResumeLayout(false);
            this.ResumeLayout(false);

        }
        #endregion

        private void personControl1_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
        {
            this.propertyGrid1.SelectedObject = (sender as PersonControl).Person;
        }
    }
}

自己慢慢的推理吧。


小做了一个修改：最后结果：
德国人养鱼，在第四间的绿色房子里，喝Coffee，抽PRINCE
思考顺序：
9.挪威人住在第一间房子
14.挪威人住在蓝房子旁边
8.住在中间那间房子的人喝牛奶

4.绿房子在白房子左边
1.英国人住在红房子里
7.黄房子主人抽DUNHILL烟

11.养马人住在DUNHILL烟的人旁边

4.绿房子在白房子左边
1.英国人住在红房子里

5.绿房子主人喝咖啡
15.抽混合烟的人的邻居喝矿泉水
3.丹麦人喝茶
12.抽BLUE MASTER烟的人喝啤酒
13.德国人抽PRINCE烟
6.抽PALL MALL烟的人养了一只鸟
2.瑞典人养了一条狗
10.抽混合烟的人住在养猫人的旁边