hibernate从配置文件中读取和数据库连接有关的信息有两种格式,一种是XML文件配置,一种是属性文件配置即properties文件来配置,由于配置文件的不同导致使用hibernate api的时候会有微小差别,现在以hibernate2版本为例分别具体说明 1. 使用xml文件配置,文件格式一般为.cfg.xml,下面列举出了一个简要的配置 <!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 2.0//EN" "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-2.0.dtd"> <!-- Generated by MyEclipse Hibernate Tools. --> <hibernate-configuration> <session-factory> <property name="connection.username">root</property> <property name="connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mydb</property> <property name="dialect">net.sf.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property> <property name="myeclipse.connection.profile">mydb</property> <property name="connection.password">root</property> <property name="connection.driver_class">org.gjt.mm.mysql.Driver</property> <mapping resource="com/beans/customer.hbm.xml"/> </session-factory> </hibernate-configuration> 其中connection.username制定用户名,connection.url制定数据库连接的url,dialect制定数据库方言,connection.password制定制定用户的密码,connection.driver_class制定驱动类,<mapping resource="com/beans/customer.hbm.xml"/>制定其中一个orm映射文件的位置, 下面列举出customer.hbm.xml的一个样例 <?xml version="1.0"?> <!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 2.0//EN" "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-2.0.dtd" > <hibernate-mapping> <class name = "com.beans.Customer" table="customers" > <id name = "id" column="id" type = "long"> <generator class="increment"/> </id> <property name="name" column = "name" type = "string" not-null="true" /> <property name="email" column = "email" type = "string" not-null="true" /> <property name="password" column = "password" type = "string" not-null="true" /> <property name="phone" column = "phone" type = "int" /> <property name="address" column = "address" type = "string" /> <property name="sex" column = "sex" type = "character" /> </class> </hibernate-mapping> 同时需要建立数据库对应的java类文件 import java.io.Serializable; public class Customer implements Serializable{ private Long id; private String name; private String email; private String password; private int phone; private char sex; private String address; public Long getId() { return id; } public void setId(Long id) { this.id = id; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public String getEmail() { return email; } public void setEmail(String email) { this.email = email; } public String getPassword() { return password; } public void setPassword(String password) { this.password = password; } public int getPhone() { return phone; } public void setPhone(int phone) { this.phone = phone; } public char getSex() { return sex; } public void setSex(char sex) { this.sex = sex; } public String getAddress() { return address; } public void setAddress(String address) { this.address = address; } } 使用hibernate api时具体示例代码如下 public class BusinessService { public static SessionFactory sessionFactory; static{ Configuration config = new Configuration(); try { // config.addClass(Customer.class); sessionFactory = config.configure().buildSessionFactory(); } catch (MappingException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); }catch (HibernateException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } } public static void main(String[] args) { Class c = Customer.class; Customer customer = new Customer(); customer.setName("aaa"); customer.setPassword("1234"); customer.setEmail("alei_1304@163.com"); customer.setPhone(1234); customer.setAddress("北京市中关村"); customer.setSex('M'); try { Session session = sessionFactory.openSession(); Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction(); session.save(customer); tx.commit(); session.close(); } catch (HibernateException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } } } 其中采用xml文件配置,在初始化SessionFactory实例的时候需要采用 new Configuration().configure().buildSessionFactory(),如果直接使用new Configuration().buildSessionFactory()会报异常java.lang.UnsupportedOperationException: The user must supply a JDBC connection 由于必须在xml配置文件中制定 <mapping resource="com/beans/customer.hbm.xml"/>,所以在程序中无需再使用config.addClass(Customer.class),否则会导致异常net.sf.hibernate.MappingException: Error reading resource: com/beans/customer.hbm.xml at net.sf.hibernate.cfg.Configuration.addResource(Configuration.java:340) at net.sf.hibernate.cfg.Configuration.doConfigure(Configuration.java:1027) at net.sf.hibernate.cfg.Configuration.doConfigure(Configuration.java:983) at net.sf.hibernate.cfg.Configuration.configure(Configuration.java:911) at net.sf.hibernate.cfg.Configuration.configure(Configuration.java:897) at com.business.BusinessService.<clinit>(BusinessService.java:17) Caused by: net.sf.hibernate.MappingException: duplicate import: Customer 2.采用属性文件配置数据库连接的信息 需要配置一个属性文件来制定数据库连接信息,示例如下 hibernate.dialect = net.sf.hibernate.dialect.MYSQLDialect hibernate.connection.driver_class = com.mysql.jdbc.Driver hibernate.connection.url = jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mydb hibernate.connection.username = root hibernate.connection.password = root hibernate.show_sql = true orm映射文件和java类文件的配置同上,使用hibernate api示例代码如下 public class BusinessService { public static SessionFactory sessionFactory; static{ Configuration config = new Configuration(); try { config.addClass(Customer.class); sessionFactory = config.buildSessionFactory(); } catch (MappingException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); }catch (HibernateException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } } public static void main(String[] args) { Class c = Customer.class; Customer customer = new Customer(); customer.setName("董磊"); customer.setPassword("1234"); customer.setEmail("alei_1304@163.com"); customer.setPhone(1234); customer.setAddress("北京市中关村"); customer.setSex('M'); try { Session session = sessionFactory.openSession(); Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction(); session.save(customer); tx.commit(); session.close(); } catch (HibernateException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } } } |