centos6，rsync 3.X比对方法，一遍比对差异，一遍对差异的部分进行同步。

查看rysnc版本：

[root@backup ~]# rsync --version
rsync  version 3.0.6  protocol version 30
Copyright (C) 1996-2009 by Andrew Tridgell, Wayne Davison, and others.
Web site: http://rsync.samba.org/
Capabilities:
    64-bit files, 64-bit inums, 64-bit timestamps, 64-bit long ints,
    socketpairs, hardlinks, symlinks, IPv6, batchfiles, inplace,
    append, ACLs, xattrs, iconv, symtimes

rsync comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY.  This is free software, and you
are welcome to redistribute it under certain conditions.  See the GNU
General Public Licence for details.


1.判断linux系统是否已安装了rsync，用命令rpm -qa rsync检查rpm是否安装。

rpm -qa rsync也叫做编译安装rsync

[root@backup ~]# rpm -qa rsync
rsync-3.0.6-12.el6.x86_64

如果使用rpm -qa rsync没有安装，那么就需要使用其他方式安装了。

2.判断rsync版本使用命令rsync --version

[root@oldboy ~]# rsync --version
rsync  version 3.0.6  protocol version 30
Copyright (C) 1996-2009 by Andrew Tridgell, Wayne Davison, and others.
Web site: http://rsync.samba.org/
Capabilities:
    64-bit files, 64-bit inums, 64-bit timestamps, 64-bit long ints,
    socketpairs, hardlinks, symlinks, IPv6, batchfiles, inplace,
    append, ACLs, xattrs, iconv, symtimes

rsync comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY.  This is free software, and you
are welcome to redistribute it under certain conditions.  See the GNU
General Public Licence for details.


rsync三种工作模式：

  1. local本地模式：rsync（cp，rm）

本地模式举例：1.本地拷贝

[root@backup ~]# rsync /etc/hosts /data/

[root@backup ~]# cat /data/hosts
127.0.0.1   localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1         localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
[root@backup ~]# rsync vzrtopg /etc/hosts /mnt/
rsync: link_stat "/root/vzrtopg" failed: No such file or directory (2)
rsync error: some files/attrs were not transferred (see previous errors) (code 23) at main.c(1039) [sender=3.0.6]

           2.保持属性拷贝：-vzrtopg一般讲用-avz就够了

[root@backup ~]# rsync -vzrtopg /etc/hosts /mnt/                                       
sending incremental file list

sent 30 bytes  received 12 bytes  84.00 bytes/sec
total size is 158  speedup is 3.76

           3.删除(必须保持本地端/tmp1没有，尽量少用--delete)

              rsync -avz --delete /tmp1 /mnt/

rsync拷贝注意事项：rsync -az /tmp1/ /mnt/

/tmp1/只包括temp1里面的内容，不包含文件名，  如果/tmp1后面不加/，就包括目录名/tmp1和里面的内容

2. 通道模式：

rsync -avzP -e‘ssh -p 22’/etc root@10.0.0.142:/tmp

一般配合ssh key免密钥使用，结合定时任务


举例：把本地/data/a.txt文件通过ssh通道拷贝到远端主机ip为10.0.0.31的/data路径下面

[root@backup data]# rsync -avz /data/a.txt -e 'ssh -p 22' root@10.0.0.31:/data 
root@10.0.0.31's password:
sending incremental file list
a.txt

sent 66 bytes  received 31 bytes  21.56 bytes/sec
total size is 0  speedup is 0.00

到目录机器10.0.0.31查看是否拷贝成功

[root@oldboy ~]# ifconfig eth0
eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:0C:29:EB:DA:9F 
          inet addr:10.0.0.31  Bcast:10.0.0.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:feeb:da9f/64 Scope:Link
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:838 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:798 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
          RX bytes:85079 (83.0 KiB)  TX bytes:95638 (93.3 KiB)

[root@oldboy ~]# ls /data

3. daemon模式：（以守护进程socket的方式传输数据重点）

内网不需要，加密性能有损失


跨机房拷贝：***(pptp,open***,ipsec)


rsync实时备份

sersync+rsync

inotify+rsync

定时备份

rsync +deamon