spring_mvc配置
所需jar包:
commons-logging-1.1.3.jar
spring-aop-4.1.6.RELEASE.jar
spring-beans-4.1.6.RELEASE.jar
spring-context-4.1.6.RELEASE.jar
spring-context-support-4.1.6.RELEASE.jar
spring-core-4.1.6.RELEASE.jar
spring-expression-4.1.6.RELEASE.jar
spring-web-4.1.6.RELEASE.jar
spring-webmvc-4.1.6.RELEASE.jar
web.xml(myeclise path:/projectname/WebRoot/WEB-INF/web.xml)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.1">
<!-- 配置spring_mvc -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<!--改变springmvc配置文件默认位置-->
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:mvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<!-- 加载顺序,数值越大越往后 -->
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
注解方式:
mvc.xml(默认命名规则为:默认在WEB-INF下添加[DispatcherServletName]-servlet.xml,servlet中配置contextConfigLocation后可改变其路径)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<!-- 配置渲染器 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<!-- 结果视图的前缀 -->
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
<!-- 结果视图的后缀 -->
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>
<!-- 扫描该包下的注解 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.springmvc.controller"></context:component-scan>
</beans>
编写Controller
package com.springmvc.controller;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
@Controller
public class HelloController {
@RequestMapping("/hello")
public ModelAndView handlerRequest(HttpServletRequest req,
HttpServletResponse resp) throws Exception{
ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();
mv.addObject("msg", "hello springmvc_annotation!");
mv.setViewName("hello");
return mv;
}
}
配置文件方式:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<!-- 配置HandlerMapping -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping"></bean>
<!-- 配置HandlerAdapter -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.SimpleControllerHandlerAdapter"></bean>
<!-- 配置渲染器 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<!-- 结果视图的前缀 -->
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
<!-- 结果视图的后缀 -->
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>
<!-- 配置请求和处理器 -->
<bean name="/hello.do" class="com.springmvc.controller.HelloController"></bean>
</beans>
controller的4种配置方式:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<!-- 1.该配置方位/hello.do时就会寻找name为hello.do的bean -->
<!-- 配置HandlerMapping
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping"></bean>
配置HandlerAdapter
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.SimpleControllerHandlerAdapter"></bean> -->
<!-- 2.该类配置,访问/hello.do时,spring会把请求分配helloController进行处理 -->
<!-- <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping">
<property name="mappings">
<props>
key对应url请求名,value对应处理器id
<prop key="/hello.do">helloController</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>
配置请求和处理器
<bean id="helloController" class="com.springmvc.controller.HelloController"></bean> -->
<!-- 3.url匹配bean,请求为hello*.do都将被匹配,根据controller类开头去匹配 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.support.ControllerClassNameHandlerMapping"></bean>
<!-- 配置请求和处理器 -->
<bean id="helloController" class="com.springmvc.controller.HelloController"></bean>
<!-- 4.注解 -->
<!-- <context:component-scan base-package="com.springmvc.controller"></context:component-scan> -->
<!-- 配置渲染器 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<!-- 结果视图的前缀 -->
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
<!-- 结果视图的后缀 -->
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>
</beans>
result的4种跳转方式:
1. 设置ModelAndView对象。根据View的名称和视图解析器跳转到指定的页面。
页面:视图解析器的前缀+view name+视图解析器的后缀
<!-- 配置渲染器 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<!-- 结果视图的前缀 -->
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
<!-- 结果视图的后缀 -->
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>
2. 通过ServletAPI对象来实现。该方式不需要配置视图解析器。
通过HttpServletResponse来进行输出
@Controller
public class HelloController {
@RequestMapping("/hello")
public void hello(HttpServletResponse resp) throws IOException {
resp.getWriter().println("hello springmvc use httpservlet api");
}
}
通过HttpServletResponse来重定向
@Controller
public class HelloController {
@RequestMapping("/hello")
public void hello(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws IOException {
// 重定向
System.out.println(req.getContextPath());
resp.sendRedirect(req.getContextPath()+"/index.jsp");
}
}
通过HttpServletRequest实现转发
@Controller
public class HelloController {
@RequestMapping("/hello")
public void hello(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws IOException, ServletException {
// 转发
req.setAttribute("msg", "servlet api forward");
req.getRequestDispatcher("/index.jsp").forward(req, resp);
}
}
3.通过springmvc来实现转发和重定向。——没有视图解析器
转发实现方式1
@Controller
public class SpringmvcController {
@RequestMapping("/hello1")
public String hello() {
// 转发1
return "hello1.jsp";
}
}
转发实现方式2
@Controller
public class SpringmvcController {
@RequestMapping("/hello1")
public String hello() {
// 转发2
System.out.println("转发2");
return "forward:hello1.jsp";
}
}
重定向实现
@Controller
public class SpringmvcController {
@RequestMapping("/hello1")
public String hello() {
// 重定向
return "redirect:hello1.jsp";
}
}
4. 通过springmvc来实现转发和重定向。——有视图解析器
转发实现
@Controller
public class SpringmvcController2 {
@RequestMapping("/hello2")
public String hello() {
// 转发
return "hello2";
}
}
重定向实现
注意:重定向视图解析无效,所以只能重定向到另一个请求。
@Controller
public class SpringmvcController2 {
@RequestMapping("/hello2")
public String hello() {
// 转发
//return "hello2";
// 重定向
return "redirect:hello1.do";
}
}
文件上传
所需jar包:
commons-fileupload-1.3.2.jar
commons-io-2.2.jar
1. 配置文件上传解析器:
<!-- 文件上传解析器 -->
<bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
<property name="defaultEncoding" value="utf-8"></property>
<!-- 最大文件上传大小 -->
<property name="maxUploadSize" value="104857600"/>
<!-- 缓存大小 -->
<property name="maxInMemorySize" value="40960"></property>
</bean>
2. jsp页面
<form action="upload.do" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
文件:<input type="file" name="file" /><input type="submit" value="上传" />
</form>
3. controller
@Controller
public class FileuploadController {
@RequestMapping("/upload")
public String fileupload(@RequestParam("file")CommonsMultipartFile file, HttpServletRequest req) throws IOException {
// 获取文件名
System.out.println(file.getOriginalFilename());
// 获取上传文件的路径
String path = req.getRealPath("/fileupload");
InputStream is = file.getInputStream();
OutputStream os = new FileOutputStream(new File(path, file.getOriginalFilename()));
int len = 0;
byte[] buffer = new byte[400];
while((len = is.read(buffer)) != -1) {
os.write(buffer, 0, len);
}
os.close();
is.close();
return "/index.jsp";
}
}
ajax处理
使用HttpServletResponse
controoller
@Controller
public class AjaxController {
@RequestMapping("/ajax")
public void ajax(String name, HttpServletResponse resp) throws IOException {
resp.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
if("bjsxt".equals(name)) {
resp.getWriter().print("用户名已存在!");
}else {
resp.getWriter().print("无人使用,可以注册!");
}
}
}
jsp
<script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery-3.0.0.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
$(function() {
$("#txtName").blur(function() {
$.post("ajax.do", {
'name':$("#txtName").val()
}, function(data) {
$("#txtSpan").text(data);
});
})
});
</script>
</head>
<body>
用户名:<input type="text" id="txtName" /> <span id="txtSpan"></span>
</body>
json处理
所需jar包:
jackson-annotations-2.5.4.jar
jackson-core-2.5.4.jar
jackson-databind-2.5.4.jar
配置json转换器
mvc.xml
<!-- 用于将对象转换为JSON -->
<bean id="messageConverter" class="org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter">
<property name="supportedMediaTypes">
<list>
<value>text/plain;charset=UTF-8</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
<bean id="jsonConverter" class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter"></bean>
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter">
<property name="messageConverters">
<list>
<ref bean="messageConverter"/>
<ref bean="jsonConverter"/>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
controller
@Controller
public class JsonController {
@RequestMapping("/json")
@ResponseBody
public List<User> json() {
List<User> list = new ArrayList<User>();
list.add(new User(1, "张三", "111"));
list.add(new User(2, "李四", "222"));
list.add(new User(3, "王五", "333"));
return list;
}
}
jsp
<script type="text/javascript">
$(function() {
$("#btn").click(function() {
$.post("json.do", function(data){
//console.info(data);
var html = "";
for(var i=0; i<data.length;i++) {
html += "<tr><td>" + data[i].id + "</td><td>"+data[i].name+"</td><td>"+data[i].pwd+"</td></tr>"
}
$("#content").html(html);
});
});
});
</script>
</head>
<body>
<input id="btn" type="button" value="获取json数据" />
<table width="80%" align="center">
<tr>
<td>编号</td>
<td>姓名</td>
<td>密码</td>
</tr>
<tbody id="content"></tbody>
</table>
</body>
乱码解决
post乱码,通过过滤器来解决
<filter>
<filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>utf-8</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
get乱码,则需修改tomcat配置文件解决。