Linux修改yum源

1）备份原有的默认yum源

[root@bastion-IDC ~]# cp /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.bak

2）修改CentOS-Base.repo文件。将文件中的baseurl地址修改为网易163的yum源地址即可！

[root@bastion-IDC ~]# vim /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo

# CentOS-Base.repo

#

# The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the

# update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and

# geographically close to the client. You should use this for CentOS updates

# unless you are manually picking other mirrors.

#

# If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the

# remarked out baseurl= line instead.

#

#

[base]

name=CentOS-$releasever - Base

#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=os

baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/

gpgcheck=1

gpgkey=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

#released updates

[updates]

name=CentOS-$releasever - Updates

#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=updates

baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/

gpgcheck=1

gpgkey=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

#additional packages that may be useful

[extras]

name=CentOS-$releasever - Extras

#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=extras

baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/

gpgcheck=1

gpgkey=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages

[centosplus]

name=CentOS-$releasever - Plus

#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=centosplus

baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/

gpgcheck=1

enabled=0

gpgkey=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

#contrib - packages by Centos Users

[contrib]

name=CentOS-$releasever - Contrib

#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=contrib

baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/$releasever/contrib/$basearch/

gpgcheck=1

enabled=0

gpgkey=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

[root@bastion-IDC ~]# yum clean all

[root@bastion-IDC ~]# yum makecache//将服务器上的软件包信息缓存到本地,以提高搜索安装软件的速度

[root@bastion-IDC ~]# yum update//更新系统

依照上面操作后，yum源就更换成网易的了，并能正常使用。

要特别注意的是：如果要想CentOS使用yum update更新时不升级内核，方法如下：

[root@bastion-IDC ~]# cp /etc/yum.conf /etc/yum.confbak

方法一）修改yum的配置文件

[root@bastion-IDC ~]# vim /etc/yum.conf 

在[main]的最后添加 exclude=kernel*

方法二）直接在yum的命令后面加上如下的参数：

[root@bastion-IDC ~]# yum --exclude=kernel* update

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如果要更换成阿里云的yum源，只需要将/etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo内容替换成下面内容即可，然后yum clean all、yum makecache、yum update

# CentOS-Base.repo

#

# The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the

# update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and

# geographically close to the client.  You should use this for CentOS updates

# unless you are manually picking other mirrors.

#

# If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the

# remarked out baseurl= line instead.

#

#

[base]

name=CentOS-$releasever - Base - mirrors.aliyun.com

failovermethod=priority

baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/

        http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/

#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=os

gpgcheck=1

gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

#released updates

[updates]

name=CentOS-$releasever - Updates - mirrors.aliyun.com

failovermethod=priority

baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/

        http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/

#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=updates

gpgcheck=1

gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

#additional packages that may be useful

[extras]

name=CentOS-$releasever - Extras - mirrors.aliyun.com

failovermethod=priority

baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/

        http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/

#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=extras

gpgcheck=1

gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages

[centosplus]

name=CentOS-$releasever - Plus - mirrors.aliyun.com

failovermethod=priority

baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/

        http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/

#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=centosplus

gpgcheck=1

enabled=0

gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

#contrib - packages by Centos Users

[contrib]

name=CentOS-$releasever - Contrib - mirrors.aliyun.com

failovermethod=priority

baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/contrib/$basearch/

        http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/contrib/$basearch/

#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=contrib

gpgcheck=1

enabled=0

gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

[root@bastion-IDC ~]# yum clean all

[root@bastion-IDC ~]# yum makecache 

如果出现下面报错：

https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/os/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] PYCURL ERROR 22 - "The requested URL returned error: 404 Not Found"

原因分析：

$releasever这个变量在CentOS-Base.repo文件中没有被识别出来。可以去aliyun的镜像官网上查看下正确地址：

即正确地址是：https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/6.9/os/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml

解决办法：将$releasever换成6.9

[root@bastion-IDC ~]# sed -i 's/$releasever/6.9/g' CentOS-Base.repo