安装Nginx与使用PHP5(和PHP-FPM Nginx)和MySQL在 CentOS支持6.0的支持

最新推荐文章于 2024-09-16 00:24:00 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-09-16 00:24:00 发布

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文章标签： php 运维数据库

原文链接：http://blog.51cto.com/kuaileyongshi/641482

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首先介绍：Nginx是一个免费开放的、高性能的HTTP服务器，nginx是集稳定、结构简单、低资源消耗为特色，这篇文章介绍的是nginx在ｃｅｎｔｏｓ　６．０　上与ｐｈｐ５、mysql的技术支持。这个方法对我试用，但对你也许不合适，这是个参考。

1 初步

这一课中主机名为：server1.example.com，ip 地址为：192.168.0.100. 这两项在你们的环境中必须改为适合于你们的。

2 授权附加的库

php-fpm 是不能用centos 官方下载的库，须从remi rpm 下载库，我们可以使用下面两者：

rpm --import https://fedoraproject.org/static/0608B895.txt
rpm -ivh http://download.fedora.redhat.com/pub/epel/6/i386/epel-release-6-5.noarch.rpm

rpm --import http://rpms.famillecollet.com/RPM-GPG-KEY-remi
rpm -ivh http://rpms.famillecollet.com/enterprise/remi-release-6.rpm

yum install yum-priorities

然后编辑/etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo...

vi /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo

并增加以下：

[epel]
name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 6 - $basearch
#baseurl=http://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/$basearch
mirrorlist=https://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/metalink?repo=epel-6&arch=$basearch
failovermethod=priority
enabled=1
priority=10
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-6
[...]

然后做同样的事，在/etc/yum.repos.d/remi.repo,，改变enabled to 1。

vi /etc/yum.repos.d/remi.repo


[remi]
name=Les RPM de remi pour Enterprise Linux $releasever - $basearch
#baseurl=http://rpms.famillecollet.com/enterprise/$releasever/remi/$basearch/
mirrorlist=http://rpms.famillecollet.com/enterprise/$releasever/remi/mirror
enabled=1
priority=10
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-remi
failovermethod=priority

[remi-test]
name=Les RPM de remi en test pour Enterprise Linux $releasever - $basearch
#baseurl=http://rpms.famillecollet.com/enterprise/$releasever/test/$basearch/
mirrorlist=http://rpms.famillecollet.com/enterprise/$releasever/test/mirror
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-remi

3 安装mysql 5.

首先我们安装mysql 5 如下：

yum install mysql mysql-server

然后我们创建系统启动环节，

chkconfig --levels 235 mysqld on
/etc/init.d/mysqld start

现在我们检查是否启动连接网络

netstat -tap | grep mysql

正如显示的：

[root@server1 ~]# netstat -tap | grep mysql
tcp 0 0 *:mysql *:* LISTEN 2302/mysqld
[root@server1 ~]#

如果不那样做的话，编辑/etc/my.cnf 和连接的选择 skip-networking:

vi /etc/my.cnf


[...]
#skip-networking
[...]

现在我们重启mysql服务。

/etc/init.d/mysqld restart

运行：

mysql_secure_installation

设置一个根用户名：

[root@server1 ~]# mysql_secure_installation

NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MySQL
      SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE!  PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY!

In order to log into MySQL to secure it, we'll need the current
password for the root user.  If you've just installed MySQL, and
you haven't set the root password yet, the password will be blank,
so you should just press enter here.

Enter current password for root (enter for none): <-- ENTER
OK, successfully used password, moving on...

Setting the root password ensures that nobody can log into the MySQL
root user without the proper authorisation.

Set root password? [Y/n] <-- ENTER
New password: <-- yourrootsqlpassword
Re-enter new password: <-- yourrootsqlpassword
Password updated successfully!
Reloading privilege tables..
... Success!

By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone
to log into MySQL without having to have a user account created for
them.  This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation
go a bit smoother.  You should remove them before moving into a
production environment.

Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] <-- ENTER
... Success!

Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'.  This
ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network.

Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] <-- ENTER
... Success!

By default, MySQL comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can
access.  This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed
before moving into a production environment.

Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] <-- ENTER
- Dropping test database...
... Success!
- Removing privileges on test database...
... Success!

Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far
will take effect immediately.

Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] <-- ENTER
... Success!

Cleaning up...

All done!  If you've completed all of the above steps, your MySQL
installation should now be secure.

Thanks for using MySQL!

[root@server1 ~]#

4 安装Nginx

nginx 已经在centos 6.0 打包，我们可以直接运行安装：

yum install nginx

现在我们检查系统mysql安装和自启动

chkconfig --levels 235 nginx on
/etc/init.d/nginx start

输入你的网络服务器的IP地址或主机，就可以看到nginx 的欢迎界面：

5.安装php 5

我们可以安装 php-fpmphp-fpmtogether with一起 php-cliphp-cliand some PHP5 modules like和一些使用PHP5编写模块一样 php-mysqlphp-mysqlwhich :如果你想要,你需要使用MySQL在你的脚本下运行必须安装以下模块：

yum install php-fpm php-cli php-mysql php-gd php-imap php-ldap php-odbc php-pear php-xml php-xmlrpc php-eaccelerator php-magickwand php-magpierss php-mbstring php-mcrypt php-mssql php-shout php-snmp php-soap php-tidy

:现在我们打开/etc/php.ini ，配置cgi.fix_pathinfo=0:

vi /etc/php.ini

[...]
; cgi.fix_pathinfo provides *real* PATH_INFO/PATH_TRANSLATED support for CGI.  PHP's
; previous behaviour was to set PATH_TRANSLATED to SCRIPT_FILENAME, and to not grok
; what PATH_INFO is.  For more information on PATH_INFO, see the cgi specs.  Setting
; this to 1 will cause PHP CGI to fix its paths to conform to the spec.  A setting
; of zero causes PHP to behave as before.  Default is 1.  You should fix your scripts
; to use SCRIPT_FILENAME rather than PATH_TRANSLATED.
; http://www.php.net/manual/en/ini.core.php#ini.cgi.fix-pathinfo
cgi.fix_pathinfo=0
[...]

(请参阅http://wiki.nginx.org/Pitfallshttp://wiki.nginx.org/Pitfalls)想知道你为什么要这么做。)

另外为了避免错误；

08-Aug-2011 18:07:08] PHP Warning: phpinfo(): It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected 'Europe/Berlin' for 'CEST/2.0/DST' instead in /usr/share/nginx/html/info.php on line 2

... in /var/log/php-fpm/www-error.log when you call a PHP script in your browser, you should set date.timezone in /etc/php.ini:

[...]
[Date]
; Defines the default timezone used by the date functions
; http://www.php.net/manual/en/datetime.configuration.php#ini.date.timezone
date.timezone = "Europe/Berlin"
[...]

你能找到正确的时区，让你的系统正常运行

cat /etc/sysconfig/clock

root@server1 nginx]# cat /etc/sysconfig/clock
ZONE="Europe/Berlin"
[root@server1 nginx]#

下面创建系统自启动

chkconfig --levels 235 php-fpm on
/etc/init.d/php-fpm start

6 配置nginx。

配置nginx 打开/etc/nginx/nginx.conf ，现在我们打开：

vi /etc/nginx/nginx.conf

配置非常容易理解(你可以学到更多的关于这里:http://wiki.codemongers.com/NginxFullExamplehttp://wiki.codemongers.com/NginxFullExampleand here:和这里。http://wiki.codemongers.com/NginxFullExample2http://wiki.codemongers.com/NginxFullExample2

你可以增加进程和设置，

[...]
worker_processes  5;
[...]
    keepalive_timeout  2;
[...]

虚拟定义服务，需要我们修改默认的vhost，

[...]
    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name _;

        #charset koi8-r;

        #access_log logs/host.access.log main;

        location / {
            root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
            index index.php index.html index.htm;
        }

        error_page 404              /404.html;
        location = /404.html {
            root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
        }

        # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
        #
        error_page   500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
        }

        # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
        #}

        # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
        #
        location ~ \.php$ {
            root           /usr/share/nginx/html;
            fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
            fastcgi_index index.php;
            fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
            include        fastcgi_params;
        }

        # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
        # concurs with nginx's one
        #
        location ~ /\.ht {
            deny all;
        }
    }
[...]

server_name _; makes this a default catchall vhost (of course, you can as well specify a hostname here like www.example.com).

In the location / part, I've added index.php to the index line. root /usr/share/nginx/html; means that the document root is the directory /usr/share/nginx/html.

The important part for PHP is the location ~ \.php$ {} stanza. Uncomment it to enable it. Change the root line to the web site's document root (e.g. root /usr/share/nginx/html;). Please make sure that you change the fastcgi_param line to fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; because otherwise the PHP interpreter won't find the PHP script that you call in your browser ($document_root translates to /usr/share/nginx/html because that's what we have set as our document root).

PHP-FPM在监听在9000的127.0.0.1.因此我们告诉ｎｇｉｎｘ监听在１２７．０．０．１的９０００　端口。

现在我们保存文件重启服务。

/etc/init.d/nginx restart

现在创建容许ｐｈｐ运行访问的目录；

vi /usr/share/nginx/html/info.php

<?php
phpinfo();
?>

现在我们在浏览器里运行：

如你所见，ｐｈｐ５在运行工作，如果你在下一步滚动的话你会看到所有模块都已使使用PHP5编写,包括MySQL模块:

７　配置PHP-FPM 使用ｕｎｉｘ　槽。

默认情况下PHP-FPM在端口9000on在 127.0.0.1 。use a Unix socket which avoids the . 它也有可能使PHP-FPM使用Unix槽。要做到这一点,打开 /etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf/及其他/ php-fpm.d /

vi /etc/nginx/nginx.conf

[...]
;listen = 127.0.0.1:9000
listen = /tmp/php5-fpm.sock
[...]

重新启动PHP-FPM。

/etc/init.d/php-fpm restart

接下来你的ｎｇｉｎｘ　改变配置和虚拟主机中fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; to fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php5-fpm.sock，

vi /etc/nginx/nginx.conf


[...]
        location ~ \.php$ {
            root           /usr/share/nginx/html;
            fastcgi_pass   unix:/tmp/php5-fpm.sock;
            fastcgi_index  index.php;
            fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
            include        fastcgi_params;
        }
[...]

最后重启nginx:

/etc/init.d/nginx restart

８链接