集合转数组-CSDN博客

总结

步骤
1.数据来源集合
2.集合转Object数组
3.Object数组转String数组

流程
Set——》Object[]——》String[]

问题
上面的步骤有点繁琐能不能不需要Object[]到String[]的转换？可以使用AbstractCollection.toArray(集合)。这种解决方法把第三步省了。

代码

package test;



import java.util.HashSet;

import java.util.Set;



public class SetToArray {



	public static void main(String[] args) {

		Set<String> set = new HashSet<String>();

		set.add("gzh");

		Object[] objects = set.toArray(); //得到Object数组

		System.out.println(objects);

		

		//

		String[] strings = new String[set.size()]; //1.得到数组的大小：set.size()

		set.toArray(strings);//2.直接得到String数组 不需要手工把Object转String

		System.out.println(strings);

	}



}


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步骤

Set

1.准备数据Set
2.从Set得到Object[]
集合.toArray()。//返回值是Object[]
3.从Object.toString()得到String类型数据的数组

List

1.准备数据List
2.从List得到Object[]
3.从Object.toString()得到String类型数据的数组

总结

1.Set和List的实现步骤一样
2.toArray()的源码实现不一样
1）Set是基于迭代器
2）List是基于Array.copyOf()

3.AbstractCollection类很重要是个基础类它的toArray()方法是一个集合和数组互转的中介

HashSet源码分析

在集合和数组之间有个中介类就像流的字节和字符之间也有一个中介类实现它们之间的互转。

类的方法官方介绍
This method acts as bridge between array-based and collection-based APIs.

代码 HashSet继承了AbstractCollection

/**

 * This class provides a skeletal implementation of the <tt>Collection</tt>

 * interface, to minimize the effort required to implement this interface. <p>

 *

 * To implement an unmodifiable collection, the programmer needs only to

 * extend this class and provide implementations for the <tt>iterator</tt> and

 * <tt>size</tt> methods.  (The iterator returned by the <tt>iterator</tt>

 * method must implement <tt>hasNext</tt> and <tt>next</tt>.)<p>

 *

 * To implement a modifiable collection, the programmer must additionally

 * override this class's <tt>add</tt> method (which otherwise throws an

 * <tt>UnsupportedOperationException</tt>), and the iterator returned by the

 * <tt>iterator</tt> method must additionally implement its <tt>remove</tt>

 * method.<p>

 *

 * The programmer should generally provide a void (no argument) and

 * <tt>Collection</tt> constructor, as per the recommendation in the

 * <tt>Collection</tt> interface specification.<p>

 *

 * The documentation for each non-abstract method in this class describes its

 * implementation in detail.  Each of these methods may be overridden if

 * the collection being implemented admits a more efficient implementation.<p>

 *

 * This class is a member of the

 * <a href="{@docRoot}/../technotes/guides/collections/index.html">

 * Java Collections Framework</a>.

 *

 * @author  Josh Bloch

 * @author  Neal Gafter

 * @see Collection

 * @since 1.2

 */



public abstract class AbstractCollection<E> implements Collection<E> { //list和set都继承了Collection类

 




/**

     * {@inheritDoc}

     *

     * <p>This implementation returns an array containing all the elements

     * returned by this collection's iterator, in the same order, stored in

     * consecutive elements of the array, starting with index {@code 0}.

     * The length of the returned array is equal to the number of elements

     * returned by the iterator, even if the size of this collection changes

     * during iteration, as might happen if the collection permits

     * concurrent modification during iteration.  The {@code size} method is

     * called only as an optimization hint; the correct result is returned

     * even if the iterator returns a different number of elements.

     *

     * <p>This method is equivalent to:

     *

     *  <pre> {@code

     * List<E> list = new ArrayList<E>(size());

     * for (E e : this)

     *     list.add(e);

     * return list.toArray();

     * }</pre>

     */

    public Object[] toArray() {

        // Estimate size of array; be prepared to see more or fewer elements

        Object[] r = new Object[size()]; //size()调用子类方法

        Iterator<E> it = iterator(); //迭代器方法调用子类方法

        for (int i = 0; i < r.length; i++) { //索引

            if (! it.hasNext()) // fewer elements than expected

                return Arrays.copyOf(r, i);

            r[i] = it.next(); //遍历。保存到数组。数组的元素类型是Object。如果想要得到String类型的数据 还需要使用Object.toString()方法得到字符串类型数据。

        }

        return it.hasNext() ? finishToArray(r, it) : r;

    }


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迭代器方法调用的是HashMap里的方法最终是sun包里的类。

public class HashMap<K,V>

    extends AbstractMap<K,V>

    implements Map<K,V>, Cloneable, Serializable

{



private final class KeySet extends AbstractSet<K> {

        public Iterator<K> iterator() {

            return newKeyIterator();

        }

        public int size() {

            return size;

        }

        public boolean contains(Object o) {

            return containsKey(o);

        }

        public boolean remove(Object o) {

            return HashMap.this.removeEntryForKey(o) != null;

        }

        public void clear() {

            HashMap.this.clear();

        }

    }



// Subclass overrides these to alter behavior of views' iterator() method

    Iterator<K> newKeyIterator()   {

        return new KeyIterator(); //sun包里的类

    }


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ArrayList源码分析

代码

/**

     * Returns an array containing all of the elements in this list

     * in proper sequence (from first to last element).

     *

     * <p>The returned array will be "safe" in that no references to it are

     * maintained by this list.  (In other words, this method must allocate

     * a new array).  The caller is thus free to modify the returned array.

     *

     * <p>This method acts as bridge between array-based and collection-based

     * APIs.

     *

     * @return an array containing all of the elements in this list in

     *         proper sequence

     */

    public Object[] toArray() {

        return Arrays.copyOf(elementData, size);

    }


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