Spring Boot，作为Spring框架对“约定优先于配置(Convention Over Configuration)”理念的最佳实践的产物，它能帮助我们很快捷的创建出独立运行、产品级别的基于Spring框架的应用，大部分Spring Boot应用只需要非常少的配置就可以快速运行起来，是一个与微服务(MicroServices)相当契合的微框架。
1.应用打包
Spring Boot应用可以打成jar包，其中内嵌tomcat，因此可以直接启动使用。但是在Spring Boot应用启动之前，首先需要进行打包，本文讲述的是Maven工程的打包，打包需要的前提条件(pom.xml文件中的内容)是：
...
<packaging>jar</packaging>
...
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
...
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<mainClass>com.***.Application</mainClass>
</configuration>
<executions>
<execution>
<goals>
<goal>repackage</goal>
</goals>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
...
打包命令为：
mvn clean package -Dmaven.test.skip=true # Demo $ mvn clean package -Dmaven.test.skip=true [INFO] Scanning for projects... [WARNING] [WARNING] Some problems were encountered while building the effective model for com.example:myproject:jar:0.0.1-SNAPSHOT [WARNING] 'build.plugins.plugin.version' for org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-maven-plugin is missing. @ line 38, column 17 [WARNING] [WARNING] It is highly recommended to fix these problems because they threaten the stability of your build. [WARNING] [WARNING] For this reason, future Maven versions might no longer support building such malformed projects. [WARNING] [INFO] [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] Building myproject 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] [INFO] --- maven-clean-plugin:2.5:clean (default-clean) @ myproject --- [INFO] Deleting /Users/ltc/Spring Boot Demo/target [INFO] [INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:resources (default-resources) @ myproject --- [WARNING] Using platform encoding (UTF-8 actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e. build is platform dependent! [INFO] Copying 1 resource [INFO] [INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:compile (default-compile) @ myproject --- [INFO] Changes detected - recompiling the module! [WARNING] File encoding has not been set, using platform encoding UTF-8, i.e. build is platform dependent! [INFO] Compiling 1 source file to /Users/ltc/Spring Boot Demo/target/classes [INFO] [INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:testResources (default-testResources) @ myproject --- [INFO] Not copying test resources [INFO] [INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ myproject --- [INFO] Not compiling test sources [INFO] [INFO] --- maven-surefire-plugin:2.12.4:test (default-test) @ myproject --- [INFO] Tests are skipped. [INFO] [INFO] --- maven-jar-plugin:2.4:jar (default-jar) @ myproject --- [INFO] Building jar: /Users/ltc/Spring Boot Demo/target/myproject-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar [INFO] [INFO] --- spring-boot-maven-plugin:1.5.0.RC1:repackage (default) @ myproject --- [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] BUILD SUCCESS [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] Total time: 1.861 s [INFO] Finished at: 2017-01-13T15:31:32+08:00 [INFO] Final Memory: 26M/308M [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
或在eclipse中运行run -> Maven build...，在Goals中填写clean package -Dmaven.test.skip=true，运行，打包完成。
2.应用启动
Spring Boot的启动命令为：
java -jar application.jar # Demo $ java -jar target/myproject-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar . ____ _ __ _ _ /\\ / ___'_ __ _ _(_)_ __ __ _ \ \ \ \ ( ( )\___ | '_ | '_| | '_ \/ _` | \ \ \ \ \\/ ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| | ) ) ) ) ' |____| .__|_| |_|_| |_\__, | / / / / =========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/ :: Spring Boot :: (v1.4.3.RELEASE) ............ 2017-01-13 15:31:39.944 INFO 62119 --- [ main] s.b.c.e.t.TomcatEmbeddedServletContainer : Tomcat started on port(s): 8080 (http) 2017-01-13 15:31:39.949 INFO 62119 --- [ main] com.test.Example : Started Example in 4.292 seconds (JVM running for 4.726)
3.应用关闭
下面主要有两种方式进行Spring Boot的关闭：通过HTTP发送shutdown信号，或者通过service stop的方式。ps -ef(-aux) | grep project_name --> kill -9 XXX
方式一:HTTP发送shutdown信号
Spring Boot应用关闭的前提条件是POM.xml添加以下内容：
<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId> </dependency>
application.properties中添加：
#启用shutdown endpoints.shutdown.enabled=true #禁用密码验证 endpoints.shutdown.sensitive=false
关闭命令为：
curl -X POST host:port/shutdown
# Demo
$ curl -X POST http://localhost:8080/shutdown
{"message":"Shutting down, bye..."}
$ curl -X POST http://localhost:8080/manage/shutdown
{"message":"Shutting down, bye..."}
如果要配置路径，需要在application.properties中添加management.context-path=/manage，则关闭命令变为curl -X POST host:port/manage/shutdown。
方式二:服务方式
简单关闭：ps -ef(-aux) | grep project_name --> kill -9 XXX
startTest.sh内容如下：
#!/bin/sh
java -jar Test.jar & #注意：必须有&让其后台执行，否则没有pid生成
echo $! > java.pid #将jar包启动对应的pid写入文件中，为停止时提供pid
stopTest.sh内容如下：
#!/bin/sh
PID=$(cat java.pid )
kill -9 $PID
4.安全验证
如果在关闭时需要安全验证，则在pom.xml文件中添加：
<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId> </dependency>
application.properties中添加：
#开启shutdown的安全验证 endpoints.shutdown.sensitive=true #验证用户名 security.user.name=admin #验证密码 security.user.password=admin #角色 management.security.role=SUPERUSER # 指定端口 management.port=8081 # 指定地址 management.address=127.0.0.1
关闭命令为：
curl -u admin:admin -X POST http://127.0.0.1:8081/manage/shutdown
# Demo
$ curl -u admin:admin -X POST http://127.0.0.1:8081/manage/shutdown
{"message":"Shutting down, bye..."}
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