[Android开发艺术探索阅读笔记]第10章 Android的消息机制-CSDN博客

Handler是Android消息机制的上层接口。很多人认为Handler的作用是更新UI，这的确没错，但是更新UI仅仅是Handler的一个特殊的使用场景。具体来说是这样的：有时候需要在子线程中进行耗时的I/O操作，可能是读取文件或者访问网络等，当耗时操作完成以后可能需要在UI上做一些改变，由于Android开发规范的限制，我们并不能在主线程中访问UI控件，否则就会触发程序异常，这个时候通过Handler就可以将更新UI的操作切换到主线程中执行。

概述

Handler, Looper, MessageQueue 三者是一个整体。Handler的作用是将一个任务切换到某个指定的线程中去执行。

因为Android规定访问UI只能在主线程中进行，如果在子线程中访问UI，那么程序就会抛出异常。ViewRootImpl对UI操作做了验证，这个验证工作是由ViewRootImpl的checkThread方法来完成的。

ViewRootImpl#checkThread()

    void checkThread() {
        if (mThread != Thread.currentThread()) {
            throw new CalledFromWrongThreadException(
                    "Only the original thread that created a view hierarchy can touch its views.");
        }
    }
复制代码

系统之所以提供Handler，主要原因就是为了解决在子线程中无法访问UI的矛盾。

为什么不允许在子线程中访问UI呢？

Android的UI控件不是线程安全的，如果在多线程中并发访问可能会导致UI控件处于不可预期的状态，那为什么系统不对UI控件的访问加上锁机制呢？缺点有两个：首先加上锁机制会让UI访问的逻辑变得复杂；其次锁机制会降低UI访问的效率，因为锁机制会阻塞某些线程的执行。鉴于这两个缺点，最简单且高效的方法就是采用单线程模型来处理UI操作，对于开发者来说也不是很麻烦，只是需要通过Handler切换一下UI访问的执行线程即可。

Handler的工作原理

Handler 创建时会使用当前线程的 Looper 来构建循环系统，如果线程中没有 Looper，就会报错。需要在执行任务前调用Looper.prepare()创建Looper。


 E/AndroidRuntime(27568): 
 
 java.lang.RuntimeException:
 
 Can't create handler  inside thread that has not called Looper.prepare()
复制代码

Handler的post和send方法最终都会调用sendMessageAtTime()

Handler#sendMessageAtTime()

    public boolean sendMessageAtTime(Message msg, long uptimeMillis) {
       MessageQueue queue = mQueue;
       if (queue == null) {
           RuntimeException e = new RuntimeException(
                   this + " sendMessageAtTime() called with no mQueue");
           Log.w("Looper", e.getMessage(), e);
           return false;
       }
       return enqueueMessage(queue, msg, uptimeMillis);
   }
复制代码

Handler#enqueueMessage()

   private boolean enqueueMessage(MessageQueue queue, Message msg, long uptimeMillis) {
       msg.target = this;
       if (mAsynchronous) {
           msg.setAsynchronous(true);
       }
       return queue.enqueueMessage(msg, uptimeMillis);
   }
复制代码

最后他回调用MessageQueue的enqueueMessage() 将消息放入消息队列，然后Looper发现有新消息到来时，就回处理这个消息，最后消息中的Runnable或者Handler的handleMessage方法就会被调用。
Looper 运行在创建 Handler 所在的线程中，这样Handler中的业务逻辑就被切换到创建Handler所在的线程中去执行了。

分析

ThreadLocal 工作原理

某些数据是以线程为作用域并且不同线程具有不同的数据副本。

使用场景：

对于 Handler，需要获取当前线程的 Looper，不同的线程对应不同的 Looper，通过 ThreadLocal 就可以轻松实现 Looper 在线程中的存取。如果不用 ThreadLocal，系统就必须提供一个 LooperManager 类来管理。
复杂逻辑下的对象传递。比如存储监听器。

ThreaLocal#set()、get()

    /**
     * Sets the current thread's copy of this thread-local variable
     * to the specified value.  Most subclasses will have no need to
     * override this method, relying solely on the {@link #initialValue}
     * method to set the values of thread-locals.
     *
     * @param value the value to be stored in the current thread's copy of
     *        this thread-local.
     */
    public void set(T value) {
        Thread t = Thread.currentThread();
        ThreadLocalMap map = getMap(t);
        if (map != null)
            map.set(this, value);
        else
            createMap(t, value);
    }
    public T get() {
        Thread t = Thread.currentThread();
        ThreadLocalMap map = getMap(t);
        if (map != null) {
            ThreadLocalMap.Entry e = map.getEntry(this);
            if (e != null) {
                @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
                T result = (T)e.value;
                return result;
            }
        }
        return setInitialValue();
    }    
复制代码

ThreadLocal 将数据存储在一个 ThradLocalMap 里，每个线程都有一个 map。

消息队列的工作原理

MessageQueue 主要有 2 个操作：插入和读取。

MessageQueue#enqueueMessage()

 boolean enqueueMessage(Message msg, long when) {
        
        // ...
        synchronized (this) {
            
            // ...
            msg.markInUse();
            msg.when = when;
            Message p = mMessages;
            boolean needWake;
            if (p == null || when == 0 || when < p.when) {
                // New head, wake up the event queue if blocked.
                msg.next = p;
                mMessages = msg;
                needWake = mBlocked;
            } else {
                // Inserted within the middle of the queue.  Usually we don't have to wake
                // up the event queue unless there is a barrier at the head of the queue
                // and the message is the earliest asynchronous message in the queue.
                needWake = mBlocked && p.target == null && msg.isAsynchronous();
                Message prev;
                for (;;) {
                    
                    prev = p;
                    p = p.next;
                    if (p == null || when < p.when) {
                        break;
                    }
                    if (needWake && p.isAsynchronous()) {
                        needWake = false;
                    }
                }
                msg.next = p; // invariant: p == prev.next
                prev.next = msg;
            }

            // We can assume mPtr != 0 because mQuitting is false.
            if (needWake) {
                nativeWake(mPtr);
            }
        }
        return true;
    }
复制代码

主要的操作就是一个单链表的插入。

MessageQueue#next()


    Message next() {
        

        int pendingIdleHandlerCount = -1; // -1 only during first iteration
        int nextPollTimeoutMillis = 0;
        for (;;) {
            if (nextPollTimeoutMillis != 0) {
                Binder.flushPendingCommands();
            }

            nativePollOnce(ptr, nextPollTimeoutMillis);

            synchronized (this) {
                // Try to retrieve the next message.  Return if found.
                final long now = SystemClock.uptimeMillis();
                Message prevMsg = null;
                Message msg = mMessages;
                if (msg != null && msg.target == null) {
                    // Stalled by a barrier.  Find the next asynchronous message in the queue.
                    do {
                        prevMsg = msg;
                        msg = msg.next;
                    } while (msg != null && !msg.isAsynchronous());
                }
                if (msg != null) {
                    if (now < msg.when) {
                        // Next message is not ready.  Set a timeout to wake up when it is ready.
                        nextPollTimeoutMillis = (int) Math.min(msg.when - now, Integer.MAX_VALUE);
                    } else {
                        // Got a message.
                        mBlocked = false;
                        if (prevMsg != null) {
                            prevMsg.next = msg.next;
                        } else {
                            mMessages = msg.next;
                        }
                        msg.next = null;
                        if (DEBUG) Log.v(TAG, "Returning message: " + msg);
                        msg.markInUse();
                        return msg;
                    }
                } else {
                    // No more messages.
                    nextPollTimeoutMillis = -1;
                }

                // Process the quit message now that all pending messages have been handled.
                if (mQuitting) {
                    dispose();
                    return null;
                }

                // If first time idle, then get the number of idlers to run.
                // Idle handles only run if the queue is empty or if the first message
                // in the queue (possibly a barrier) is due to be handled in the future.
                if (pendingIdleHandlerCount < 0
                        && (mMessages == null || now < mMessages.when)) {
                    pendingIdleHandlerCount = mIdleHandlers.size();
                }
                if (pendingIdleHandlerCount <= 0) {
                    // No idle handlers to run.  Loop and wait some more.
                    mBlocked = true;
                    continue;
                }

                if (mPendingIdleHandlers == null) {
                    mPendingIdleHandlers = new IdleHandler[Math.max(pendingIdleHandlerCount, 4)];
                }
                mPendingIdleHandlers = mIdleHandlers.toArray(mPendingIdleHandlers);
            }

            // Run the idle handlers.
            // We only ever reach this code block during the first iteration.
            for (int i = 0; i < pendingIdleHandlerCount; i++) {
                final IdleHandler idler = mPendingIdleHandlers[i];
                mPendingIdleHandlers[i] = null; // release the reference to the handler

                boolean keep = false;
                try {
                    keep = idler.queueIdle();
                } catch (Throwable t) {
                    Log.wtf(TAG, "IdleHandler threw exception", t);
                }

                if (!keep) {
                    synchronized (this) {
                        mIdleHandlers.remove(idler);
                    }
                }
            }

            // Reset the idle handler count to 0 so we do not run them again.
            pendingIdleHandlerCount = 0;

            // While calling an idle handler, a new message could have been delivered
            // so go back and look again for a pending message without waiting.
            nextPollTimeoutMillis = 0;
        }
    }
复制代码

next 是一个无限循环的方法，如果消息队列没有消息，next会一直阻塞在这。有新消息到来时，next会返回新消息并将其从单链表删除。

Looper的工作原理

构造方法

Looper#Looper()

    private Looper(boolean quitAllowed) {
        mQueue = new MessageQueue(quitAllowed);
        mThread = Thread.currentThread();
}
复制代码

构造方法中创建消息队列，把当前的线程对象保存。

使用例子：

class LooperThread extends Thread {
    public Handler mHandler;
    
    @Override
    public void run() {
        // 为当前线程创建一个Looper
        Looper.prepare();
        mHandler = new Handler(){
          
          @Override
          public void handleMessage(Message msg){
              
          }
        };
        // 开启消息循环
        Looper.loop();
    }
}
复制代码

Looper#prepare()

    private static void prepare(boolean quitAllowed) {
        if (sThreadLocal.get() != null) {
            throw new RuntimeException("Only one Looper may be created per thread");
        }
        sThreadLocal.set(new Looper(quitAllowed));
}
复制代码

prepare方法就是将当前线程的looper存入ThreadLocal中。

另外给主线程单独提供了prepareMainLooper()方法，内部也是调用prepare方法，只是保存了静态值sMainLooper。

Looper的退出

    // 直接退出Looper
   public void quit() {
        mQueue.quit(false);
}

// 设定一个退出标记，把消息队列中已有的消息处理完再退出。
public void quitSafely() {
        mQueue.quit(true);
}
复制代码

Looper 退出后，通过 Handler 发送的消息会失败，Handler 的 send 方法返回 false。

loop

Looper#loop()

  public static void loop() {
        final Looper me = myLooper();
        if (me == null) {
            throw new RuntimeException("No Looper; Looper.prepare() wasn't called on this thread.");
        }
        final MessageQueue queue = me.mQueue;

        // Make sure the identity of this thread is that of the local process,
        // and keep track of what that identity token actually is.
        Binder.clearCallingIdentity();
        final long ident = Binder.clearCallingIdentity();

        for (;;) {
            Message msg = queue.next(); // might block
            if (msg == null) {
                // No message indicates that the message queue is quitting.
                return;
            }

            // This must be in a local variable, in case a UI event sets the logger
            final Printer logging = me.mLogging;
            if (logging != null) {
                logging.println(">>>>> Dispatching to " + msg.target + " " +
                        msg.callback + ": " + msg.what);
            }

            final long traceTag = me.mTraceTag;
            if (traceTag != 0 && Trace.isTagEnabled(traceTag)) {
                Trace.traceBegin(traceTag, msg.target.getTraceName(msg));
            }
            try {
                msg.target.dispatchMessage(msg);
            } finally {
                if (traceTag != 0) {
                    Trace.traceEnd(traceTag);
                }
            }

            if (logging != null) {
                logging.println("<<<<< Finished to " + msg.target + " " + msg.callback);
            }

            // Make sure that during the course of dispatching the
            // identity of the thread wasn't corrupted.
            final long newIdent = Binder.clearCallingIdentity();
            if (ident != newIdent) {
                Log.wtf(TAG, "Thread identity changed from 0x"
                        + Long.toHexString(ident) + " to 0x"
                        + Long.toHexString(newIdent) + " while dispatching to "
                        + msg.target.getClass().getName() + " "
                        + msg.callback + " what=" + msg.what);
            }

            msg.recycleUnchecked();
        }
    }

复制代码

这是一个死循环，当 queue.next()==null 时才跳出循环。

如果 MessageQueue 的 next() 返回了新消息，Looper 就会处理这条消息： msg.target.dispatchMessage(msg);，msg.target 就是发送这条消息的 Handler 对象。

Handler#dispatchMessage()

    /**
     * Handle system messages here.
     */
    public void dispatchMessage(Message msg) {
        if (msg.callback != null) {
            handleCallback(msg);
        } else {
            if (mCallback != null) {
                if (mCallback.handleMessage(msg)) {
                    return;
                }
            }
            handleMessage(msg);
        }
    }
复制代码

Handler 的 dispatchMessage 方法是在创建 Handler 时所使用的 Looper 中执行的，这样就成功地将代码逻辑切换到指定的线程中去执行了。

Handler 的工作原理

public final boolean post(Runnable r)
{
    return  sendMessageDelayed(getPostMessage(r), 0);
}

public final boolean postAtTime(Runnable r, long uptimeMillis)
{
    return sendMessageAtTime(getPostMessage(r), uptimeMillis);
}

public final boolean postAtTime(Runnable r, Object token, long uptimeMillis)
{
    return sendMessageAtTime(getPostMessage(r, token), uptimeMillis);
}

public final boolean sendMessageDelayed(Message msg, long delayMillis)
    {
        if (delayMillis < 0) {
            delayMillis = 0;
        }
        return sendMessageAtTime(msg, SystemClock.uptimeMillis() + delayMillis);
    }
复制代码

最终都会调用sendMessageAtTime

    public boolean sendMessageAtTime(Message msg, long uptimeMillis) {
        MessageQueue queue = mQueue;
        if (queue == null) {
            RuntimeException e = new RuntimeException(
                    this + " sendMessageAtTime() called with no mQueue");
            Log.w("Looper", e.getMessage(), e);
            return false;
        }
        // 向消息队列中插入一条消息，MessageQueue的next方法就会返回消息给
        // Looper，Looper收到后开始处理，最终交给Handler处理。
        return enqueueMessage(queue, msg, uptimeMillis);
    }
复制代码

    public void dispatchMessage(Message msg) {
        // 检查Message的callback是否为空
        if (msg.callback != null) {
            handleCallback(msg);
        } else {
            // 这里的mCallback是构造方法传入的，默认为null
            if (mCallback != null) {
                // 如果这里返回true就不会走下面的handleMessage
                if (mCallback.handleMessage(msg)) {
                    return;
                }
            }
            handleMessage(msg);
        }
    }
复制代码

主线程的消息循环

Android 的主线程就是 ActivityThread，入口就是 Java 的 main 方法。

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        
        // ...
        // 创建Looper
        Looper.prepareMainLooper();
        
        ActivityThread thread = new ActivityThread();
        thread.attach(false);
        
        // 创建主线程的Handler，是一个H类
        if (sMainThreadHandler == null) {
            sMainThreadHandler = thread.getHandler();
        }

        if (false) {
            Looper.myLooper().setMessageLogging(new
                    LogPrinter(Log.DEBUG, "ActivityThread"));
        }

        // End of event ActivityThreadMain.
        Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);
        
        // 循环looper
        Looper.loop();

        throw new RuntimeException("Main thread loop unexpectedly exited");
    }
复制代码

H 类内部定义了一组消息类型，主要包含四大组件的启动和停止等过程。

ActivityThread#H

    private class H extends Handler {
        public static final int LAUNCH_ACTIVITY         = 100;
        public static final int PAUSE_ACTIVITY          = 101;
        public static final int PAUSE_ACTIVITY_FINISHING= 102;
        public static final int STOP_ACTIVITY_SHOW      = 103;
        public static final int STOP_ACTIVITY_HIDE      = 104;
        public static final int SHOW_WINDOW             = 105;
        public static final int HIDE_WINDOW             = 106;
        public static final int RESUME_ACTIVITY         = 107;
        public static final int SEND_RESULT             = 108;
        public static final int DESTROY_ACTIVITY        = 109;
        public static final int BIND_APPLICATION        = 110;
        public static final int EXIT_APPLICATION        = 111;
        public static final int NEW_INTENT              = 112;
        public static final int RECEIVER                = 113;
        public static final int CREATE_SERVICE          = 114;
        public static final int SERVICE_ARGS            = 115;
        public static final int STOP_SERVICE            = 116;

        public static final int CONFIGURATION_CHANGED   = 118;
        public static final int CLEAN_UP_CONTEXT        = 119;
        public static final int GC_WHEN_IDLE            = 120;
        public static final int BIND_SERVICE            = 121;
        public static final int UNBIND_SERVICE          = 122;
        public static final int DUMP_SERVICE            = 123;
        public static final int LOW_MEMORY              = 124;
        public static final int ACTIVITY_CONFIGURATION_CHANGED = 125;
        public static final int RELAUNCH_ACTIVITY       = 126;
        public static final int PROFILER_CONTROL        = 127;
        public static final int CREATE_BACKUP_AGENT     = 128;
        public static final int DESTROY_BACKUP_AGENT    = 129;
        public static final int SUICIDE                 = 130;
        public static final int REMOVE_PROVIDER         = 131;
        public static final int ENABLE_JIT              = 132;
        public static final int DISPATCH_PACKAGE_BROADCAST = 133;
        public static final int SCHEDULE_CRASH          = 134;
        public static final int DUMP_HEAP               = 135;
        public static final int DUMP_ACTIVITY           = 136;
        public static final int SLEEPING                = 137;
        public static final int SET_CORE_SETTINGS       = 138;
        public static final int UPDATE_PACKAGE_COMPATIBILITY_INFO = 139;
        public static final int TRIM_MEMORY             = 140;
        public static final int DUMP_PROVIDER           = 141;
        public static final int UNSTABLE_PROVIDER_DIED  = 142;
        public static final int REQUEST_ASSIST_CONTEXT_EXTRAS = 143;
        public static final int TRANSLUCENT_CONVERSION_COMPLETE = 144;
        public static final int INSTALL_PROVIDER        = 145;
        public static final int ON_NEW_ACTIVITY_OPTIONS = 146;
        public static final int CANCEL_VISIBLE_BEHIND = 147;
        public static final int BACKGROUND_VISIBLE_BEHIND_CHANGED = 148;
        public static final int ENTER_ANIMATION_COMPLETE = 149;
        public static final int START_BINDER_TRACKING = 150;
        public static final int STOP_BINDER_TRACKING_AND_DUMP = 151;
        public static final int MULTI_WINDOW_MODE_CHANGED = 152;
        public static final int PICTURE_IN_PICTURE_MODE_CHANGED = 153;
        public static final int LOCAL_VOICE_INTERACTION_STARTED = 154;

        String codeToString(int code) {
            if (DEBUG_MESSAGES) {
                switch (code) {
                    case LAUNCH_ACTIVITY: return "LAUNCH_ACTIVITY";
                    case PAUSE_ACTIVITY: return "PAUSE_ACTIVITY";
                    case PAUSE_ACTIVITY_FINISHING: return "PAUSE_ACTIVITY_FINISHING";
                    case STOP_ACTIVITY_SHOW: return "STOP_ACTIVITY_SHOW";
                    case STOP_ACTIVITY_HIDE: return "STOP_ACTIVITY_HIDE";
                    case SHOW_WINDOW: return "SHOW_WINDOW";
                    case HIDE_WINDOW: return "HIDE_WINDOW";
                    case RESUME_ACTIVITY: return "RESUME_ACTIVITY";
                    case SEND_RESULT: return "SEND_RESULT";
                    case DESTROY_ACTIVITY: return "DESTROY_ACTIVITY";
                    case BIND_APPLICATION: return "BIND_APPLICATION";
                    case EXIT_APPLICATION: return "EXIT_APPLICATION";
                    case NEW_INTENT: return "NEW_INTENT";
                    case RECEIVER: return "RECEIVER";
                    case CREATE_SERVICE: return "CREATE_SERVICE";
                    case SERVICE_ARGS: return "SERVICE_ARGS";
                    case STOP_SERVICE: return "STOP_SERVICE";
                    case CONFIGURATION_CHANGED: return "CONFIGURATION_CHANGED";
                    case CLEAN_UP_CONTEXT: return "CLEAN_UP_CONTEXT";
                    case GC_WHEN_IDLE: return "GC_WHEN_IDLE";
                    case BIND_SERVICE: return "BIND_SERVICE";
                    case UNBIND_SERVICE: return "UNBIND_SERVICE";
                    case DUMP_SERVICE: return "DUMP_SERVICE";
                    case LOW_MEMORY: return "LOW_MEMORY";
                    case ACTIVITY_CONFIGURATION_CHANGED: return "ACTIVITY_CONFIGURATION_CHANGED";
                    case RELAUNCH_ACTIVITY: return "RELAUNCH_ACTIVITY";
                    case PROFILER_CONTROL: return "PROFILER_CONTROL";
                    case CREATE_BACKUP_AGENT: return "CREATE_BACKUP_AGENT";
                    case DESTROY_BACKUP_AGENT: return "DESTROY_BACKUP_AGENT";
                    case SUICIDE: return "SUICIDE";
                    case REMOVE_PROVIDER: return "REMOVE_PROVIDER";
                    case ENABLE_JIT: return "ENABLE_JIT";
                    case DISPATCH_PACKAGE_BROADCAST: return "DISPATCH_PACKAGE_BROADCAST";
                    case SCHEDULE_CRASH: return "SCHEDULE_CRASH";
                    case DUMP_HEAP: return "DUMP_HEAP";
                    case DUMP_ACTIVITY: return "DUMP_ACTIVITY";
                    case SLEEPING: return "SLEEPING";
                    case SET_CORE_SETTINGS: return "SET_CORE_SETTINGS";
                    case UPDATE_PACKAGE_COMPATIBILITY_INFO: return "UPDATE_PACKAGE_COMPATIBILITY_INFO";
                    case TRIM_MEMORY: return "TRIM_MEMORY";
                    case DUMP_PROVIDER: return "DUMP_PROVIDER";
                    case UNSTABLE_PROVIDER_DIED: return "UNSTABLE_PROVIDER_DIED";
                    case REQUEST_ASSIST_CONTEXT_EXTRAS: return "REQUEST_ASSIST_CONTEXT_EXTRAS";
                    case TRANSLUCENT_CONVERSION_COMPLETE: return "TRANSLUCENT_CONVERSION_COMPLETE";
                    case INSTALL_PROVIDER: return "INSTALL_PROVIDER";
                    case ON_NEW_ACTIVITY_OPTIONS: return "ON_NEW_ACTIVITY_OPTIONS";
                    case CANCEL_VISIBLE_BEHIND: return "CANCEL_VISIBLE_BEHIND";
                    case BACKGROUND_VISIBLE_BEHIND_CHANGED: return "BACKGROUND_VISIBLE_BEHIND_CHANGED";
                    case ENTER_ANIMATION_COMPLETE: return "ENTER_ANIMATION_COMPLETE";
                    case MULTI_WINDOW_MODE_CHANGED: return "MULTI_WINDOW_MODE_CHANGED";
                    case PICTURE_IN_PICTURE_MODE_CHANGED: return "PICTURE_IN_PICTURE_MODE_CHANGED";
                    case LOCAL_VOICE_INTERACTION_STARTED: return "LOCAL_VOICE_INTERACTION_STARTED";
                }
            }
            return Integer.toString(code);
        }
        public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
            if (DEBUG_MESSAGES) Slog.v(TAG, ">>> handling: " + codeToString(msg.what));
            switch (msg.what) {
                case LAUNCH_ACTIVITY: {
                    Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "activityStart");
                    final ActivityClientRecord r = (ActivityClientRecord) msg.obj;

                    r.packageInfo = getPackageInfoNoCheck(
                            r.activityInfo.applicationInfo, r.compatInfo);
                    handleLaunchActivity(r, null, "LAUNCH_ACTIVITY");
                    Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);
                } break;
                case RELAUNCH_ACTIVITY: {
                    Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "activityRestart");
                    ActivityClientRecord r = (ActivityClientRecord)msg.obj;
                    handleRelaunchActivity(r);
                    Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);
                } break;
                case PAUSE_ACTIVITY: {
                    Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "activityPause");
                    SomeArgs args = (SomeArgs) msg.obj;
                    handlePauseActivity((IBinder) args.arg1, false,
                            (args.argi1 & USER_LEAVING) != 0, args.argi2,
                            (args.argi1 & DONT_REPORT) != 0, args.argi3);
                    maybeSnapshot();
                    Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);
                } break;
                case PAUSE_ACTIVITY_FINISHING: {
                    Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "activityPause");
                    SomeArgs args = (SomeArgs) msg.obj;
                    handlePauseActivity((IBinder) args.arg1, true, (args.argi1 & USER_LEAVING) != 0,
                            args.argi2, (args.argi1 & DONT_REPORT) != 0, args.argi3);
                    Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);
                } break;
                case STOP_ACTIVITY_SHOW: {
                    Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "activityStop");
                    SomeArgs args = (SomeArgs) msg.obj;
                    handleStopActivity((IBinder) args.arg1, true, args.argi2, args.argi3);
                    Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);
                } break;
                case STOP_ACTIVITY_HIDE: {
                    Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "activityStop");
                    SomeArgs args = (SomeArgs) msg.obj;
                    handleStopActivity((IBinder) args.arg1, false, args.argi2, args.argi3);
                    Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);
                } break;
                case SHOW_WINDOW:
                    Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "activityShowWindow");
                    handleWindowVisibility((IBinder)msg.obj, true);
                    Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);
                    break;
                case HIDE_WINDOW:
                    Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "activityHideWindow");
                    handleWindowVisibility((IBinder)msg.obj, false);
                    Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);
                    break;
                case RESUME_ACTIVITY:
                    Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "activityResume");
                    SomeArgs args = (SomeArgs) msg.obj;
                    handleResumeActivity((IBinder) args.arg1, true, args.argi1 != 0, true,
                            args.argi3, "RESUME_ACTIVITY");
                    Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);
                    break;
                case SEND_RESULT:
                    Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "activityDeliverResult");
                    handleSendResult((ResultData)msg.obj);
                    Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);
                    break;
                case DESTROY_ACTIVITY:
                    Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "activityDestroy");
                    handleDestroyActivity((IBinder)msg.obj, msg.arg1 != 0,
                            msg.arg2, false);
                    Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);
                    break;
                case BIND_APPLICATION:
                    Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "bindApplication");
                    AppBindData data = (AppBindData)msg.obj;
                    handleBindApplication(data);
                    Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);
                    break;
                case EXIT_APPLICATION:
                    if (mInitialApplication != null) {
                        mInitialApplication.onTerminate();
                    }
                    Looper.myLooper().quit();
                    break;
                case NEW_INTENT:
                    Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "activityNewIntent");
                    handleNewIntent((NewIntentData)msg.obj);
                    Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);
                    break;
                case RECEIVER:
                    Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "broadcastReceiveComp");
                    handleReceiver((ReceiverData)msg.obj);
                    maybeSnapshot();
                    Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);
                    break;
                case CREATE_SERVICE:
                    Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, ("serviceCreate: " + String.valueOf(msg.obj)));
                    handleCreateService((CreateServiceData)msg.obj);
                    Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);
                    break;
                case BIND_SERVICE:
                    Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "serviceBind");
                    handleBindService((BindServiceData)msg.obj);
                    Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);
                    break;
                case UNBIND_SERVICE:
                    Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "serviceUnbind");
                    handleUnbindService((BindServiceData)msg.obj);
                    Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);
                    break;
                case SERVICE_ARGS:
                    Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, ("serviceStart: " + String.valueOf(msg.obj)));
                    handleServiceArgs((ServiceArgsData)msg.obj);
                    Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);
                    break;
                case STOP_SERVICE:
                    Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "serviceStop");
                    handleStopService((IBinder)msg.obj);
                    maybeSnapshot();
                    Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);
                    break;
                case CONFIGURATION_CHANGED:
                    Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "configChanged");
                    mCurDefaultDisplayDpi = ((Configuration)msg.obj).densityDpi;
                    mUpdatingSystemConfig = true;
                    handleConfigurationChanged((Configuration)msg.obj, null);
                    mUpdatingSystemConfig = false;
                    Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);
                    break;
                case CLEAN_UP_CONTEXT:
                    ContextCleanupInfo cci = (ContextCleanupInfo)msg.obj;
                    cci.context.performFinalCleanup(cci.who, cci.what);
                    break;
                case GC_WHEN_IDLE:
                    scheduleGcIdler();
                    break;
                case DUMP_SERVICE:
                    handleDumpService((DumpComponentInfo)msg.obj);
                    break;
                case LOW_MEMORY:
                    Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "lowMemory");
                    handleLowMemory();
                    Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);
                    break;
                case ACTIVITY_CONFIGURATION_CHANGED:
                    Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "activityConfigChanged");
                    handleActivityConfigurationChanged((ActivityConfigChangeData) msg.obj,
                            msg.arg1 == 1 ? REPORT_TO_ACTIVITY : !REPORT_TO_ACTIVITY);
                    Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);
                    break;
                case PROFILER_CONTROL:
                    handleProfilerControl(msg.arg1 != 0, (ProfilerInfo)msg.obj, msg.arg2);
                    break;
                case CREATE_BACKUP_AGENT:
                    Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "backupCreateAgent");
                    handleCreateBackupAgent((CreateBackupAgentData)msg.obj);
                    Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);
                    break;
                case DESTROY_BACKUP_AGENT:
                    Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "backupDestroyAgent");
                    handleDestroyBackupAgent((CreateBackupAgentData)msg.obj);
                    Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);
                    break;
                case SUICIDE:
                    Process.killProcess(Process.myPid());
                    break;
                case REMOVE_PROVIDER:
                    Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "providerRemove");
                    completeRemoveProvider((ProviderRefCount)msg.obj);
                    Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);
                    break;
                case ENABLE_JIT:
                    ensureJitEnabled();
                    break;
                case DISPATCH_PACKAGE_BROADCAST:
                    Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "broadcastPackage");
                    handleDispatchPackageBroadcast(msg.arg1, (String[])msg.obj);
                    Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);
                    break;
                case SCHEDULE_CRASH:
                    throw new RemoteServiceException((String)msg.obj);
                case DUMP_HEAP:
                    handleDumpHeap(msg.arg1 != 0, (DumpHeapData)msg.obj);
                    break;
                case DUMP_ACTIVITY:
                    handleDumpActivity((DumpComponentInfo)msg.obj);
                    break;
                case DUMP_PROVIDER:
                    handleDumpProvider((DumpComponentInfo)msg.obj);
                    break;
                case SLEEPING:
                    Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "sleeping");
                    handleSleeping((IBinder)msg.obj, msg.arg1 != 0);
                    Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);
                    break;
                case SET_CORE_SETTINGS:
                    Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "setCoreSettings");
                    handleSetCoreSettings((Bundle) msg.obj);
                    Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);
                    break;
                case UPDATE_PACKAGE_COMPATIBILITY_INFO:
                    handleUpdatePackageCompatibilityInfo((UpdateCompatibilityData)msg.obj);
                    break;
                case TRIM_MEMORY:
                    Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "trimMemory");
                    handleTrimMemory(msg.arg1);
                    Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);
                    break;
                case UNSTABLE_PROVIDER_DIED:
                    handleUnstableProviderDied((IBinder)msg.obj, false);
                    break;
                case REQUEST_ASSIST_CONTEXT_EXTRAS:
                    handleRequestAssistContextExtras((RequestAssistContextExtras)msg.obj);
                    break;
                case TRANSLUCENT_CONVERSION_COMPLETE:
                    handleTranslucentConversionComplete((IBinder)msg.obj, msg.arg1 == 1);
                    break;
                case INSTALL_PROVIDER:
                    handleInstallProvider((ProviderInfo) msg.obj);
                    break;
                case ON_NEW_ACTIVITY_OPTIONS:
                    Pair<IBinder, ActivityOptions> pair = (Pair<IBinder, ActivityOptions>) msg.obj;
                    onNewActivityOptions(pair.first, pair.second);
                    break;
                case CANCEL_VISIBLE_BEHIND:
                    handleCancelVisibleBehind((IBinder) msg.obj);
                    break;
                case BACKGROUND_VISIBLE_BEHIND_CHANGED:
                    handleOnBackgroundVisibleBehindChanged((IBinder) msg.obj, msg.arg1 > 0);
                    break;
                case ENTER_ANIMATION_COMPLETE:
                    handleEnterAnimationComplete((IBinder) msg.obj);
                    break;
                case START_BINDER_TRACKING:
                    handleStartBinderTracking();
                    break;
                case STOP_BINDER_TRACKING_AND_DUMP:
                    handleStopBinderTrackingAndDump((ParcelFileDescriptor) msg.obj);
                    break;
                case MULTI_WINDOW_MODE_CHANGED:
                    handleMultiWindowModeChanged((IBinder) msg.obj, msg.arg1 == 1);
                    break;
                case PICTURE_IN_PICTURE_MODE_CHANGED:
                    handlePictureInPictureModeChanged((IBinder) msg.obj, msg.arg1 == 1);
                    break;
                case LOCAL_VOICE_INTERACTION_STARTED:
                    handleLocalVoiceInteractionStarted((IBinder) ((SomeArgs) msg.obj).arg1,
                            (IVoiceInteractor) ((SomeArgs) msg.obj).arg2);
                    break;
            }
            Object obj = msg.obj;
            if (obj instanceof SomeArgs) {
                ((SomeArgs) obj).recycle();
            }
            if (DEBUG_MESSAGES) Slog.v(TAG, "<<< done: " + codeToString(msg.what));
        }
复制代码

ActiviyThread 通过 ApplicationThread 和 AMS 进行进程间通信，AMS 以进程间通信的方式完成 ActivityThread 的请求后会回调 ApplicationThread 中的 Binder 方法，然后 ApplicationThread 会向 H 发送消息，H 收到消息后会将 ApplicationThread 中的逻辑切换到 ActivityThread 中去执行，即在主线程中执行，这就是主线程的消息循环模型。