oracle 11g acfs,oracle11gR2新特性之一:asm、advm和acfs

在11gr2中,asm已经由单独的grid软件来掌管了,另外,在11gr2中也提供了advm和acfs的特性。

先看下结构图:

10037372_201103031658591.jpg

Advm:asm动态卷管理

Acfs:asm cluster file sytem

10037372_201103031659081.jpg

有了这两个图,估计也就不用多说什么了,下面简单介绍下命令吧:

先说下advm的用法,这个其实跟linux等的lvm类似,只不过advm管理的是asm的磁盘,

如创建一个动态卷可以用两种方法:

1)用sql

用sysasm登录asm实例之后,执行

Alter diskgroup data add volume vol02 size 1g;

SQL> select volume_name,size_mb,volume_number,state,usage,volume_device from v$asm_volume;

VOLUME_NAMESIZE_MB VOLUME_NUMBER STATE

------------------------------ ---------- ------------- --------

USAGE

------------------------------

VOLUME_DEVICE

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

VOL0110241 ENABLED

/dev/asm/vol01-442

VOL0210242 ENABLED

/dev/asm/vol02-442

VOLUME_NAMESIZE_MB VOLUME_NUMBER STATE

------------------------------ ---------- ------------- --------

USAGE

------------------------------

VOLUME_DEVICE

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

2)用asmcmd

下面是创建卷的语法,可以直接help获得,在此贴出来一个,做简要说明。

ASMCMD> help volcreate

volcreate -G -s [--redundancy ] [--width ] [--column ] [--primary ] [-secondary ]

Create the volume in the specified diskgroup. The diskgroup

must be mounted. The volume size must be specified and must contain the

"size multiplier" K, M, G, or T. The following options may be specified:

--redundancy - "unprotected", "mirror", or "high"

--width - 4K to 1M at power of 2 intervals (default = 128K)

--column - between 1 and 8 (inclusive) (default = 4)

--primary primary region - "hot", or "cold"

--secondary mirrored region- "hot", or "cold"

其中:redundancy指的是冗余度,这个很好理解;

Width指的是条带宽度,了解raid的这个也都明白;

Primary和secondary后边都有选择hot和cold的选项,是针对这个卷中的数据来说的,其实在em上也有解释,原话是这么说的“if the data is frequently accessed and mostly read only, put primary extents in the host region and mirror extents in the cold region. if the data is frequently accessed and updated ,put both primary and mirror extents in the hot region.”

ASMCMD> volcreate -G data -s 1g vol01

ASMCMD> ls

DATA/

FRA/

ASMCMD> volinfo -a

Diskgroup Name: DATA

Volume Name: VOL01

Volume Device: /dev/asm/vol01-442

State: ENABLED

Size (MB): 1024

Resize Unit (MB): 256

Redundancy: UNPROT

Stripe Columns: 4

Stripe Width (K): 128

Usage:

Mountpath:

[root@yanfa2 ~]# cat /proc/partitions

major minor#blocksname

80570310656 sda

81104391 sda1

8251199155 sda2

838193150 sda3

841 sda4

8519543041 sda5

8697667136 sda6

87244147806 sda7

8848837568 sda8

8948837568 sda9

81051777463 sda10

2522263051048576 asm/vol01-442

通过以上的测试,可以看明白卷的用处了。还有一点需要注意,一般在安装完grid之后,默认不会启动advm和acfs的驱动,如下:

[root@yanfa2 ~]# lsmod | grep oracle

oracleasm841361

在启动acfs驱动之后,就有了advm和acfs的了,如果不启动的话,创建卷时会报错。

[root@yanfa2 ~]# /app/home/11.2.0/grid/bin/acfsload start -s

[root@yanfa2 ~]#

[root@yanfa2 ~]# lsmod | grep oracle

oracleacfs8773200

oracleadvm2217600

oracleoks2768802 oracleacfs,oracleadvm

oracleasm841361

在创建完volume之后,可以格式化设备,然后就能用在os上了,如:

[root@yanfa2 /]# mke2fs -j /dev/asm/vol01-442

mke2fs 1.39 (29-May-2006)

Filesystem label=

OS type: Linux

Block size=4096 (log=2)

Fragment size=4096 (log=2)

131072 inodes, 262144 blocks

13107 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user

First data block=0

Maximum filesystem blocks=268435456

8 block groups

32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group

16384 inodes per group

Superblock backups stored on blocks:

32768, 98304, 163840, 229376

Writing inode tables: done

Creating journal (8192 blocks): done

Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

This filesystem will be automatically checked every 35 mounts or

180 days, whichever comes first.Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

[root@yanfa2 /]# mount /dev/asm/vol01-442 /u01

另外,也可以将卷格式化成acfs

[root@yanfa2 u01]# mkfs -t acfs /dev/asm/vol02-442

mkfs.acfs: version= 11.2.0.1.0.0

mkfs.acfs: on-disk version= 39.0

mkfs.acfs: volume= /dev/asm/vol02-442

mkfs.acfs: volume size= 1073741824

mkfs.acfs: Format complete.

[root@yanfa2 /]# mount -t acfs /dev/asm/vol02-442 /u02

挂载acfs文件格式时,需要指定文件格式

挂载之后:

[root@yanfa2 /]# df -lh

FilesystemSizeUsed Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/asm/vol01-4421008M34M924M4% /u01

/dev/asm/vol02-4421.0G39M986M4% /u02

卷命令:volcreate, voldelete, voldisable, volenable, volinfo

volresize, volset, volstat

之后,在创建数据库时,也可以使用advm和acfs。

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