HttpRouter是一个轻量级但却非常高效的multiplexer。
手册:
https://godoc.org/github.com/julienschmidt/httprouter
https://github.com/julienschmidt/httprouter
安装httprouter
go get github.com/julienschmidt/httprouter
用法示例
代码如下:
♠main.go 文件
package main
import (
"github.com/julienschmidt/httprouter"
"net/http"
//"log"
)
func RegisterHandlers() *httprouter.Router {
//New()方法创建了实例,启动web服务
router := httprouter.New()
//注册handler
router.GET("/", Index)
router.GET("/hello/:name", Hello)
//注册handler
router.POST("/user", CreateUser)
router.POST("/user/:user_name", Login)
return router
}
func main() {
registerHandler := RegisterHandlers()
//log.Fatal(http.ListenAndServe(":8080", router))
http.ListenAndServe(":8080", router)
}
这种模式"/hello/:name",它可以用来做命名匹配,类似于正则表达式的命名捕获分组。
♠Handlers.go 文件
定义httprouter中的handler,处理对应请求
package main
import (
"github.com/julienschmidt/httprouter"
"net/http"
"io"
)
func Index(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, _ httprouter.Params) {
fmt.Fprint(w, "Welcome!\n")
}
func Hello(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, ps httprouter.Params) {
fmt.Fprintf(w, "hello, %s!\n", ps.ByName("name"))
}
func CreateUser(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, p httprouter.Params) {
io.WriteString(w, "create User Handler")
}
func Login(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, p httprouter.Params) {
userName := p.ByName("user_name")
io.WriteString(w, userName)
}
测试
浏览器上输入路由即可
如:
http://localhost:8080/hello/xxxx
浏览器上输出:hello, xxxx!
httprouter用法说明
Variables
func CleanPath(p string) string
type Handle
type Param
type Params
func ParamsFromContext(ctx context.Context) Params
func (ps Params) ByName(name string) string
type Router
func New() *Router
func (r *Router) DELETE(path string, handle Handle)
func (r *Router) GET(path string, handle Handle)
func (r *Router) HEAD(path string, handle Handle)
func (r *Router) Handle(method, path string, handle Handle)
func (r *Router) Handler(method, path string, handler http.Handler)
func (r *Router) HandlerFunc(method, path string, handler http.HandlerFunc)
func (r *Router) Lookup(method, path string) (Handle, Params, bool)
func (r *Router) OPTIONS(path string, handle Handle)
func (r *Router) PATCH(path string, handle Handle)
func (r *Router) POST(path string, handle Handle)
func (r *Router) PUT(path string, handle Handle)
func (r *Router) ServeFiles(path string, root http.FileSystem)
func (r *Router) ServeHTTP(w http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request)
type Handle
httprouter中的Handle类似于http.HandlerFunc,只不过它支持第三个参数Params。
type Handle func(http.ResponseWriter, *http.Request, Params)
Handle is a function that can be registered to a route to handle HTTP
requests. Like http.HandlerFunc, but has a third parameter for the values of
wildcards (variables).
例如前面示例中的Index()和Hello()都是Handle类型的实例。
func Index(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, _ httprouter.Params) {
fmt.Fprint(w, "Welcome!\n")
}
func Hello(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, ps httprouter.Params) {
fmt.Fprintf(w, "hello, %s!\n", ps.ByName("name"))
}
注册handler httprouter.Router类型类似于http包中的ServeMux,它实现了http.Handler接口,所以它是一个http.Handler。它可以将请求分配给注册好的handler。
type Router struct {}
func (r *Router) ServeHTTP(w http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request)
除此之外,Router提供了不少方法,用来指示如何为路径注册handler。
func (r *Router) Handle(method, path string, handle Handle)
func (r *Router) Handler(method, path string, handler http.Handler)
func (r *Router) HandlerFunc(method, path string, handler http.HandlerFunc)
httprouter.Handle()用于为路径注册指定的Handle,而httprouter.Handle对应于http.HandlerFunc,所以是直接将Handle类型的函数绑定到指定路径上。同时,它还可以指定http方法:GET, POST, HEAD, PUT, PATCH, DELETE, OPTIONS。