Swift - 几种使用数组的数据存储模型

在iOS游戏开发中，比如2048游戏。有时会需要存储N×N数组的数据模型（如3×3，4×4等）。这里我们演示了三种实现方式，分别是：一维数组、仿二维数组、自定义二维数组（即矩阵结构）。
功能是根据传入维度初始化数组，同时提供设置值和打印输出所有值的功能，判断数组是否已满（全不为0），以及目前空位的坐标集。 

1，使用一维数组实现

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import Foundation class GameModel {      var dimension: Int = 0      var tiles: Array < Int >            init (dimension: Int )      {          self .dimension = dimension          self .tiles = Array < Int >(count: self .dimension* self .dimension, repeatedValue:0)                }            //找出空位置      func emptyPositions()-> [ Int ]      {                    var emptytiles = Array < Int >()          //var index:Int          for i in 0..<(dimension*dimension)          {              if (tiles[i] == 0)              {                  emptytiles.append(i)              }          }          return emptytiles      }            //位置是否已满      func isFull()-> Bool      {          if (emptyPositions().count == 0)          {              return true          }          return false      }            //输出当前数据模型      func printTiles()      {          println (tiles)          println ( "输出数据模型数据" )          var count = tiles.count          for var i=0; i<count; i++          {              if (i+1) % Int (dimension) == 0              {                  println (tiles[i])              }              else              {                  print ( "\(tiles[i])\t" )              }          }          println ( "" )                }            //如果返回 false ,表示该位置 已经有值      func setPosition(row: Int , col: Int , value: Int ) -> Bool      {          assert(row >= 0 && row < dimension)          assert(col >= 0 && col < dimension)          //3行4列，即  row=2 , col=3  index=2*4+3 = 11          //4行4列，即  3*4+3 = 15          var index = self .dimension * row + col          var val = tiles[index]          if (val > 0)          {              println ( "该位置(\(row), \(col))已经有值了" )              return false          }          tiles[index] = value          return true      } }

2，使用二维数组实现

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import Foundation class GameModelBA {      var dimension: Int = 0      var tiles: Array < Array < Int >>            //由外部来传入维度值      init (dimension: Int )      {          self .dimension = dimension          self .tiles = Array (count: self .dimension,              repeatedValue: Array (count: self .dimension, repeatedValue:0))      }            //找出空位置      func emptyPositions()-> [ Int ]      {          var emptytiles = Array < Int >()          //var index:Int          for row in 0..< self .dimension          {              for col in 0..< self .dimension              {                  if (tiles[row][col] == 0)                  {                      emptytiles.append(tiles[row][col])                  }              }          }          return emptytiles      }            //如果返回 false ,表示该位置 已经有值      func setPosition(row: Int , col: Int , value: Int ) -> Bool      {          assert(row >= 0 && row < dimension)          assert(col >= 0 && col < dimension)                    var val = tiles[row][col]          if (val > 0)          {              println ( "该位置(\(row), \(col))已经有值了" )              return false          }          printTiles()          //tiles[row][col] = value          var rdata = Array (count: self .dimension, repeatedValue:0)          for i in 0..< self .dimension          {              rdata[i] = tiles[row][i]          }          rdata[col] = value          tiles[row] = rdata          return true      }            //位置是否已满      func isFull()-> Bool      {          if (emptyPositions().count == 0)          {              return true          }          return false      }            //输出当前数据模型      func printTiles()      {          println (tiles)          println ( "输出数据模型数据" )          var count = tiles.count          for row in 0..< self .dimension          {              for col in 0..< self .dimension              {                  print ( "\(tiles[row][col])\t" )              }              println ( "" )          }          println ( "" )      } }

3，使用自定义二维数组（即矩阵结构）

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import Foundation //自定义矩阵数据结构 struct Matrix {      let rows: Int , columns: Int      var grid: [ Int ]            init (rows: Int , columns: Int ) {          self .rows = rows          self .columns = columns          grid = Array (count: rows * columns, repeatedValue: 0)      }            func indexIsValidForRow(row: Int , column: Int ) -> Bool {          return row >= 0 && row < rows && column >= 0 && column < columns      }            subscript(row: Int , column: Int ) -> Int {          get {              assert(indexIsValidForRow(row, column: column), "超出范围" )              return grid[(row * columns) + column]          }          set {              assert(indexIsValidForRow(row, column: column), "超出范围" )              grid[(row * columns) + column] = newValue          }      } }   class GameModelMatrix {      var dimension: Int = 0      var tiles: Matrix            //由外部来传入维度值      init (dimension: Int )      {          self .dimension = dimension          self .tiles = Matrix (rows: self .dimension, columns: self .dimension)      }            //找出空位置      func emptyPositions()-> [ Int ]      {          var emptytiles = Array < Int >()          //var index:Int          for row in 0..< self .dimension          {              for col in 0..< self .dimension              {                  var val = tiles[row,col]                  if (val == 0)                  {                      emptytiles.append(tiles[row, col])                  }              }          }          return emptytiles      }            //如果返回 false ,表示该位置已经有值      func setPosition(row: Int , col: Int , value: Int ) -> Bool      {          assert(row >= 0 && row < dimension)          assert(col >= 0 && col < dimension)                    var val = tiles[row,col]          if (val > 0)          {              println ( "该位置(\(row), \(col))已经有值了" )              return false          }          printTiles()          tiles[row, col] = value          printTiles()          return true      }            //位置是否已满      func isFull()-> Bool      {          if (emptyPositions().count == 0)          {              return true          }          return false      }            //输出当前数据模型      func printTiles()      {          println (tiles)          println ( "输出数据模型数据" )          for row in 0..< self .dimension          {              for col in 0..< self .dimension              {                  print ( "\(tiles[row, col])\t" )              }              println ( "" )          }          println ( "" )      } }