从oracle 11gR1版本开始，oracle提供了数据库数据文件修复的建议方案，从而更好的让用户去选择恢复方法

这就显的越来越智能，只需要我们按照修复建议向导去做即可。

    环境 Oracle Linux AS 5.5+oracle 11.2 （归档模式)

1、备份前的情况  


SQL> conn fmismain/fmismain

Connected.

SQL> select count(*) from xtdw;

 COUNT(*)

----------

       29

SQL> select count(*) from xtdw3;

 COUNT(*)

----------

       30

SQL>

2、rman备份

[oracle@ora1 ~]$ rman target /

Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Thu Jul 22 09:13:05 2010

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

connected to target database: ORA11G (DBID=4120198168)

RMAN> backup database format '/soft/bak/%U.full_bak';

Starting backup at 22-JUL-10

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog

allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=47 device type=DISK

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set

channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set

including current SPFILE in backup set

including current control file in backup set

input datafile file number=00001 name=+DGDATGA/ora11g/datafile/system.260.723998053

input datafile file number=00002 name=+DGDATGA/ora11g/datafile/sysaux.259.723998085

input datafile file number=00003 name=+DGDATGA/ora11g/datafile/undotbs1.258.723998109

input datafile file number=00005 name=+DGDATGA/ora11g/datafile/fmismain.266.724020873

input datafile file number=00004 name=+DGDATGA/ora11g/datafile/users.256.723998149

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 22-JUL-10

channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 22-JUL-10

piece handle=/soft/bak/01ljdn3b_1_1.full_bak tag=TAG20100722T091419 comment=NONE

channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:02:07

Finished backup at 22-JUL-10


3.关闭数据库，误删除一个数据库的数据文件

  手工删除asm中的FMISMAIN.266.724020873文件

3.启动数据库时报错，提示找不到FMISMAIN.266.724020873数据文件

[oracle@ora1 ~]$ sqlplus "/as sysdba"

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Thu Jul 22 09:19:16 2010

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle.  All rights reserved.


Connected to:

Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production

With the Partitioning, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP, Data Mining

and Real Application Testing options

SQL> shutdown immediate;

Database closed.

Database dismounted.

ORACLE instance shut down.

SQL> startup

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  481259520 bytes

Fixed Size                  1337352 bytes

Variable Size             264243192 bytes

Database Buffers          209715200 bytes

Redo Buffers                5963776 bytes

Database mounted.

ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 5 - see DBWR trace file

ORA-01110: data file 5: '+DGDATGA/ora11g/datafile/fmismain.266.724020873'


4.advise failure (data recover Advisor)


[oracle@ora1 ~]$ rman target /

Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Thu Jul 22 09:39:42 2010

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

connected to target database: ORA11G (DBID=4120198168, not open)

RMAN> list；

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

RMAN-00558: error encountered while parsing input commands

RMAN-01009: syntax error: found ";": expecting one of: "all, archivelog, backed, backuppiece, backupset, backup, completed, controlfilecopy, copy, datafilecopy, db_unique_name, device, expired, failure, foreign, global, incarnation, like, proxy, recoverable, restore, script, tag"

RMAN-01007: at line 2 column 1 file: standard input

RMAN>

RMAN> ;

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

RMAN-00558: error encountered while parsing input commands

RMAN-01009: syntax error: found ";": expecting one of: "advise, allocate, alter, backup, @, catalog, change, configure, connect, convert, copy, create, crosscheck, delete, drop, duplicate, exit, flashback, grant, host, import, list, mount, open, print, quit, recover, register, release, repair, replace, report, reset, restore, resync, revoke, run, send, set, show, shutdown, spool, sql, startup, switch, transport, unregister, upgrade, validate, {, "

RMAN-01007: at line 1 column 1 file: standard input



RMAN> list failure;

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog

List of Database Failures

=========================

Failure ID Priority Status    Time Detected Summary

---------- -------- --------- ------------- -------

22         HIGH     OPEN      22-JUL-10     One or more non-system datafiles are missing


RMAN> advise failure;

List of Database Failures

=========================

Failure ID Priority Status    Time Detected Summary

---------- -------- --------- ------------- -------

22         HIGH     OPEN      22-JUL-10     One or more non-system datafiles are missing

analyzing automatic repair options; this may take some time

allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=26 device type=DISK

analyzing automatic repair options complete

Mandatory Manual Actions

========================

no manual actions available

Optional Manual Actions

=======================

1. If file +DGDATGA/ora11g/datafile/fmismain.266.724020873 was unintentionally renamed or moved, restore it

Automated Repair Options

========================

Option Repair Description

------ ------------------

1      Restore and recover datafile 5

 Strategy: The repair includes complete media recovery with no data loss

 Repair script. /oracle/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/ora11g/ora11g/hm/reco_2728654069.hm



RMAN> REPAIR FAILURE PREVIEW;

Strategy: The repair includes complete media recovery with no data loss

Repair script. /oracle/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/ora11g/ora11g/hm/reco_2728654069.hm

contents of repair script.:

  # restore and recover datafile

  restore datafile 5;

  recover datafile 5;


 查看修复脚本：


[oracle@ora1 ~]$ more /oracle/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/ora11g/ora11g/hm/reco_2728654069.hm

# restore and recover datafile

restore datafile 5;

recover datafile 5;


RMAN> REPAIR FAILURE NOPROMPT;



恢复分三步走：




第一步，查看

RMAN> list failure;

List of Database Failures

=========================

Failure ID Priority Status    Time Detected Summary

---------- -------- --------- ------------- -------

22         HIGH     OPEN      22-JUL-10     One or more non-system datafiles are missing


第二步，建议

RMAN> advise failure;

List of Database Failures

=========================

Failure ID Priority Status    Time Detected Summary

---------- -------- --------- ------------- -------

22         HIGH     OPEN      22-JUL-10     One or more non-system datafiles are missing


analyzing automatic repair options; this may take some time

allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=24 device type=DISK

analyzing automatic repair options complete

Mandatory Manual Actions

========================

no manual actions available

Optional Manual Actions

=======================

1. If file +DGDATGA/ora11g/datafile/fmismain.266.724020873 was unintentionally renamed or moved, restore it

Automated Repair Options

========================

Option Repair Description

------ ------------------

1      Restore and recover datafile 5

 Strategy: The repair includes complete media recovery with no data loss

 Repair script. /oracle/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/ora11g/ora11g/hm/reco_634924069.hm


 第三步，修复。

RMAN> REPAIR FAILURE;

Strategy: The repair includes complete media recovery with no data loss

Repair script. /oracle/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/ora11g/ora11g/hm/reco_634924069.hm

contents of repair script.:

  # restore and recover datafile

  restore datafile 5;

  recover datafile 5;

Do you really want to execute the above repair (enter YES or NO)? YES

executing repair script

Starting restore at 22-JUL-10

using channel ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore

channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00005 to +DGDATGA/ora11g/datafile/fmismain.266.724020873

channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /soft/bak/01ljdn3b_1_1.full_bak

channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/soft/bak/01ljdn3b_1_1.full_bak tag=TAG20100722T091419

channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1

channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:13

Finished restore at 22-JUL-10

Starting recover at 22-JUL-10

using channel ORA_DISK_1

starting media recovery

media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

Finished recover at 22-JUL-10

repair failure complete

Do you want to open the database (enter YES or NO)? YES

database opened


RMAN>


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